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Switch Pitcher
In baseball, a switch pitcher is an ambidexterity, ambidextrous pitcher who is able to pitch with either the right or left hand from the pitcher's mound. Switch pitchers are rare at higher levels of competition, with Pat Venditte being the only pitcher to regularly throw with both arms in Major League Baseball since 1901. History Professional baseball 19th century Four 19th-century pitchers are known to have thrown with both hands: * Tony Mullane, whose major-league career spanned from 1881 to 1894, is listed as both as switch pitcher and switch hitter. * Larry Corcoran, whose major-league career spanned lasted from 1880 to 1887, is listed as a right-handed pitcher and switch hitter, but he pitched four innings alternating between his right arm and left arm on June 16, 1884, due to injury. * Ice Box Chamberlain, Elton "Ice Box" Chamberlain, whose major-league career was from 1886 to 1896, was listed as a right-handed pitcher and batter. He pitched four innings left-handed in a mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pat Venditte
Patrick Michael Venditte Jr. (; born June 30, 1985) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Oakland Athletics, Toronto Blue Jays, Seattle Mariners, Los Angeles Dodgers, San Francisco Giants, and Miami Marlins. After attending Creighton University, Venditte was drafted by the New York Yankees in 2008. He signed with the Athletics as a free agent before the 2015 season and made his MLB debut that year. Venditte was a switch pitcher, capable of pitching proficiently with both arms. He was recognized as the only professional pitcher who was able to do this. Venditte's rare ability to pitch with either arm required both Major and Minor League Baseball to create a rule for ambidextrous pitchers, known colloquially as the "Pat Venditte Rule". This rule essentially requires any ambidextrous pitcher to declare which hand he will use to pitch to a batter before the at-bat starts and to throw with that hand through the entire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muskogee Chiefs
Muskogee or Muscogee can refer to: *Muscogee, or Muscogee Creek, a Native American people of the southeastern woodlands *Muscogee (Creek) Nation, a federally recognized Muscogee tribe in Oklahoma *Muscogee language, a language spoken by some Muscogee and Seminole *Muskogean languages, a language family including Muscogee *Muscogee, Florida, a ghost town *Muskogee, Oklahoma, a city *Muscogee County, Georgia *Muskogee County, Oklahoma *State of Muskogee, a nation declared by William Augustus Bowles in 1799 *The City of Muskogee The City of Muskogee is governed by a city manager, mayor and a city council under the council–manager form of local government. The governing document of Muskogee, Oklahoma is the City Charter of Muskogee. Mayor and city council The city is d ..., a municipal government *, a US warship in WW2 {{disambig, geo Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Baltimore Afro-American
The ''Baltimore Afro-American'', commonly known as ''The Afro'' or ''Afro News'', is a weekly African-American newspaper published in Baltimore, Maryland. It is the flagship newspaper of the ''AFRO-American'' chain and the longest-running African-American family-owned newspaper in the United States, established in 1892. History Initially the ''Afro-American'' was known as the ''Home Protector'' which was established and edited by Reverend William Alexander in 1889. With the help of a group of investors, including John R. Cole, Charles H. Richardson, James E. Johnson, and William H. Daly, the ''Home Protector'' became the ''Afro-American'' on August 13, 1892. In the spring of 1895, the Northwestern Family Supply Company (NFSC), assumed control of the ''Afro-American''. Although this seemed to be a turn for the best, that prominent business firm went bankrupt leading to near end of the newspaper. In 1897, the machinery used to print the ''Afro-American'' went up for sale. J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jet Magazine
''Jet'' is an American weekly digital magazine focusing on news, culture, and entertainment related to the African-American community. Founded in print by John H. Johnson in November 1951 in Chicago, Illinois, the magazine was billed as "The Weekly Negro News Magazine". As publisher, the Johnson Publishing Company created ''Jet'' magazine to offer Black Americans proper representation, noting under-representation of African Americans in the general media. ''Jet'' chronicled the civil rights movement from its earliest years, including the murder of Emmett Till, the Montgomery bus boycott, and the activities of civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. ''Jet'' was printed from November 1, 1951, in digest-sized format in all or mostly black-and-white until its December 27, 1999, issue. In 2009, ''Jet'' expanded one of the weekly issues to a double issue published once each month. Johnson Publishing Company struggled with the same loss of circulation and advertising as other m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indianapolis Clowns
The Indianapolis Clowns were a professional baseball team in the Negro American League. Tracing their origins back to the 1930s, the Clowns were the last of the Negro league teams to disband, continuing to play exhibition games into the 1980s. They began play as the independent Ethiopian Clowns, joined the Negro American League as the Cincinnati Clowns and, after a couple of years, relocated to Indianapolis. Hank Aaron was a Clown for a short period, and the Clowns were also one of the first professional baseball teams to hire a female player. History Founding Before becoming the Ethiopian Clowns, there is evidence indicating that the team was formed in Miami, Florida, in 1935 or 1936 by Hunter Campbell and bootlegger Johnny Pierce, and was known as the Miami Giants, and, by 1941, as the Miami Ethiopian Clowns. The team became an independent barnstorming club, shortening its name to the Ethiopian Clowns. Syd Pollock was instrumental in promoting and popularizing the Clowns ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pittsfield, Massachusetts
Pittsfield is the most populous city and the county seat of Berkshire County, Massachusetts, United States. It is the principal city of the Pittsfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area which encompasses all of Berkshire County. Pittsfield’s population was 43,927 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census. Although its population has declined in recent decades, Pittsfield remains the third-largest municipality in Western Massachusetts, behind only Springfield, Massachusetts, Springfield and Chicopee, Massachusetts, Chicopee. In 2017, the Arts Vibrancy Index compiled by the National Center for Arts Research ranked Pittsfield and Berkshire County as the number-one medium-sized community in the nation for the arts. History The Mohicans, an Algonquian people, inhabited Pittsfield and the surrounding area until the early 18th century, when the population was greatly reduced by war and disease brought by white invaders. Many migrated westward or were subjugated to live o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Berkshire Eagle
''The Berkshire Eagle'' is an American daily newspaper published in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, and covering all of Berkshire County, as well as four New York communities near Pittsfield. It is considered a newspaper of record for Berkshire County, Massachusetts. Published daily since 1892, ''The Eagle'' has been owned since 1 May 2016 by a group of local Berkshire County investors, who purchased ''The Eagle'' and its three Vermont sister newspapers for an undisclosed sum from Digital First Media. ''The Eagle'' has won the New England Newspaper and Press Association's Newspaper of the Year Award for Sunday newspapers, weekday newspapers, or both, for seven consecutive years (2018-2024), as detailed in the awards section below. History Origins ''The Eagles roots go back to a weekly newspaper, the ''Western Star'', founded in Stockbridge, Massachusetts in 1789. Over time, this newspaper changed its name, ownership, and place of publication multiple times, but maintained cont ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brooklyn Dodgers
The Brooklyn Dodgers were a Major League Baseball team founded in 1883 as the Brooklyn Grays. In 1884, it became a member of the American Association as the Brooklyn Atlantics before joining the National League in 1890. They remained in Brooklyn, New York, until 1957, after which the club moved to Los Angeles, California, where it continues its history as the Los Angeles Dodgers. The team moved west at the same time as its longtime rival, the New York Giants, moved to San Francisco in northern California as the San Francisco Giants.Jackson, Kenneth T. (2010).''The Encyclopedia of New York City'', Second Edition pp. 176–77 The team's name derived from the reputed skill of Brooklyn residents at evading the city's trolley streetcars. The name is a shortened form of one of their former names, the Brooklyn Trolley Dodgers, and they later earned the respectful nickname Dem Bums. The Dodgers played in two stadiums in South Brooklyn, each named Washington Park, and at Eastern P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cal McLish
Calvin Coolidge Julius Caesar Tuskahoma McLish (December 1, 1925 – August 26, 2010), nicknamed "Bus", was an American professional baseball pitcher and coach, who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) between 1944 and 1964 for seven different teams including four seasons with the Cleveland Indians and three seasons with the Philadelphia Phillies. He was a switch hitter and threw right-handed. In a 15-season major-league career, McLish posted a 92–92 win–loss record, with 713 strikeouts, and a 4.01 earned run average (ERA), in 1,609 innings pitched. His coaching career spanned 1965 to 1982. Background McLish was born in Anadarko, Oklahoma, on December 1, 1925. McLish's parents were John E. and Lula McLish. His father is listed as "Choctaw by Blood" with a blood quantum of 1/8th on the Dawes Rolls. He was the seventh of eight children. He was named for Calvin Coolidge, Julius Caesar, and Tuskahoma, Oklahoma. He stated that the origin of his lengthy name is that his fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Complete Game
In baseball, a complete game (CG) is the act of a pitcher pitching an entire game without the benefit of a relief pitcher. A pitcher who meets this criterion will be credited with a complete game regardless of the number of innings played—pitchers who throw an entire official game that is shortened by rain will still be credited with a complete game, while starting pitchers who are relieved in extra innings after throwing nine or more innings will not be credited with a complete game. A starting pitcher who is replaced by a pinch hitter in the final half inning of a game will still be credited with a complete game. Complete games have become increasingly rare over the course of baseball history. In the early 20th century, pitchers completed almost all of the games they started, and they were generally expected to do so. In modern baseball, the feat is much more rare. Since 1975, no pitcher has thrown 30 or more complete games in a season; in the 21st century, only twice has any ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Negro League Baseball
The Negro leagues were United States professional baseball leagues comprising teams of African Americans. The term may be used broadly to include professional black teams outside the leagues and it may be used narrowly for the seven relatively successful leagues beginning in 1920 that are sometimes termed "Negro Major Leagues". In the late 19th century, the baseball color line developed, excluding African Americans from play in major baseball leagues and affiliated minor leagues (collectively known as organized baseball). The first professional baseball league consisting of all-black teams, the National Colored Base Ball League, was organized strictly as a minor league but failed in 1887 after only two weeks owing to low attendance. After several decades of mostly independent play by a variety of teams, the first Negro National League was formed in 1920 by Rube Foster. Ultimately, seven Negro major leagues existed at various times over the next thirty years. After in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Larry Kimbrough
Larry Nathaniel Kimbrough (September 23, 1923 – January 29, 2001), nicknamed "Schoolboy", was an American pitcher in Negro league baseball during the 1940s. A rare switch pitcher, he played for the Philadelphia Stars and the Homestead Grays. He also made appearances as an outfielder and infielder. Biography A native of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Kimbrough graduated from Benjamin Franklin High School, where he starred on the school's baseball team, tossing a no-hitter in 1941. A natural left-hander, he learned to throw right-handed as a child while recuperating from an injury. He stated "I could throw them as hard left-handed as I could right-handed, with a better curveball left-handed." Kimbrough played in the second Negro National League from 1942 to 1944, missed 1945 while serving in the United States Army, and again played in 1946 and 1948. Overall, he pitched in 13 games (four starts), compiling a 1–5 win–loss record with a 6.75 earned run average (ERA) while str ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
