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Sultan Ibrahim Of Johor
Sultan Sir Ibrahim Al-Masyhur ibni Almarhum Sultan Abu Bakar Al-Khalil Ibrahim Shah ( Jawi: ; 17 September 1873 – 8 May 1959) was a Malaysian sultan and the 2nd modern Sultan of Johor and 22nd Sultan of Johor overall. He was considered "fabulously wealthy." An Anglophile, Sultan Ibrahim continued the policy of friendly relations with the crown of the United Kingdom, often manipulating his friendship with the reigning kings of Britain to thwart the expansionist ambitions of the British Colonial Office. However, he became highly unpopular later in his native land for his opposition to Malayan independence. This led him to spend most of his time away from Johor, traveling extensively in Europe, particularly to Britain. Early life Wan Ibrahim was born 17 September 1873 in the Istana Bidadari, Singapore, and received his education at a boarding school in England during his formative years. He was appointed a second lieutenant of the Johor Military Forces (JMF) during his teen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sultan Of Johor
The Sultan of Johor (Malay language, Malay: ''Sultan Johor''; Jawi script, Jawi: ) is a hereditary seat and the sovereign ruler of the Malaysian state of Johor. In the past, the sultan held absolute power over the state and was advised by a ''bendahara''. Currently, the role of ''bendahara'' has been taken over by Menteri Besar of Johor, first minister (Malay language, Malay: ''Menteri Besar'') with the constitutional monarchy system via Undang-undang Tubuh Negeri Johor, Johor State Constitution. The sultan is the constitutional head of state of Johor. The sultan has his own independent military force, the Royal Johor Military Force (Malay: ''Askar Timbalan Setia Negeri Johor''). The sultan is also the Head of Islam in Johor. History The first sultan of Johor was Alauddin Riayat Shah II of Johor, Alauddin Riayat Shah II, who reigned from 1528 to 1564. He was the son of the last sultan of Malacca, Mahmud Shah of Malacca, Mahmud Shah. The descendants of the Sultanate of Malacca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johor
Johor, also spelled Johore,'' is a States and federal territories of Malaysia, state of Malaysia in the south of the Malay Peninsula. It borders with Pahang, Malacca and Negeri Sembilan to the north. Johor has maritime borders with Singapore to the south and Indonesia to the east and west. As of 2023, the state's population is 4.09 million, making it the second most populous state in Malaysia, after Selangor. Johor Bahru is the capital city and the economic centre of the state, Kota Iskandar is the state administrative centre and Muar (town), Muar serves as the royal capital. As one of the nation's most important economic powerhouses, Johor has the highest gross domestic product (GDP) in Malaysia outside of the Klang Valley, making it the country's List of Malaysian states by GDP, second largest state economy, behind Selangor. It also has the List of Malaysian states by household income, second highest household income among all states in Malaysia. Johor is a major manufacturi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
KTM Intercity
KTM Intercity () are diesel-hauled intercity train services in Peninsular Malaysia, operated by Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad (KTMB). Services operate along the East Coast Line between Tumpat and Gemas and on towards JB Sentral on the West Coast Line. The former Intercity services along the West Coast Line between Padang Besar in the north (and subsequent services to Thailand) and Gemas have been converted to the KTM ETS service. KTM Intercity has long enjoyed moderate success, but increasingly faces competition with road and air travel, as expressways (motorways) increase in number and budget airlines offer shorter travelling time. In 2006, KTM Intercity earned a profit of RM 70.94 million as group revenue, hovering around the RM 65 million mark since 2001. Services Travel classes As of October 2023, three travel classes are offered on KTM Intercity services: * Air-conditioned First Class (AFC) First-class seating with seats in 1-2 configuration. AFC seats ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frank Swettenham
Sir Frank Athelstane Swettenham (28 March 1850 – 11 June 1946) was a British colonial administrator who became the first Resident general of the Federated Malay States, which brought the Malay states of Selangor, Perak, Negeri Sembilan and Pahang together under the administration of a Resident-General based in Kuala Lumpur. He served from 1 July 1896 to 4 November 1901. He was also an amateur painter, photographer and antique collector. Early life He was born in Belper, Derbyshire, the son of attorney James Oldham Swettenham, and Charlotte Elizabeth Carr, and was educated at the Dollar Academy in Scotland and St Peter's School, York. He was a descendant of Mathew Swetenham, Henry IV's bow bearer, and the younger brother of the colonial administrator Sir James Alexander Swettenham. Career Swettenham was a British colonial official in British Malaya, who was famous as highly influential in shaping British policy and the structure of British administration in the Malay ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federated Malay States
The Federated Malay States (FMS, , Jawi script, Jawi: ) was a federation of four protectorate, protected states in the Malay Peninsula — Selangor, Perak, Negeri Sembilan and Pahang — established in 1895 by the British government, and which lasted until 1946. In that year they formed the Malayan Union together with two of the former Straits Settlements, (Malacca and Penang), and the Unfederated Malay States. Two years later, the union became the Federation of Malaya, which achieved independence in 1957, and finally Malaysia in 1963 with the inclusion of North Borneo (present-day Sabah), Sarawak and Singapore. Real power in the FMS and its constituent states rested with the four local British Residents and the Resident-General, the discretionary powers of the local Malay Ruler, rulers being essentially reduced to matters "touching Malay Religion and Customs". The federation, along with the Unfederated Malay States of the peninsula and the Straits Settlements, was overrun a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Resident (title)
A resident minister, or resident for short, is a government official required to take up permanent residence in another country. A representative of his government, he officially has diplomatic functions which are often seen as a form of indirect rule. A resident usually heads an administrative area called a residency. "Resident" may also refer to resident spy, the chief of an espionage operations base. Resident ministers This full style occurred commonly as a diplomatic rank for the head of a mission ranking just below envoy, usually reflecting the relatively low status of the states of origin and/or residency or else difficult relations. On occasion, the resident minister's role could become extremely important, as when in 1806 the Bourbon king Ferdinand IV fled his Kingdom of Naples, and Lord William Bentinck, the British Resident, authored (1812) a new and relatively liberal constitution. Residents could also be posted to nations that had significant foreign influen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abdul Rahman Andak
Dato' Sri Amar DiRaja Abdul Rahman bin Dato' Wan Andak (13 June 1859 – 10 September 1930), was a campaigner for Johor's independence when the British were trying to extend their influence throughout Malay States. From modest origins, in 1878 he was recruited into the Johor Civil Service.Abdul Rahman Andak on the website He was appointed State Secretary of Johor in 1893 and for twenty years he was adviser to Sultan Abu Bakar and Sultan Ibrahim. History Early life Abdul Rahman was the son of Andak bin Meng, a minor government official, with his first wife Hawa Binti Abdullah. When in 1871 the childless Maharaja[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Straits Times
The ''New Straits Times'' is an English-language newspaper published in Malaysia. It is Malaysia's oldest newspaper still in print (though not the first), having been founded as a local offshoot of Singapore-based ''The Straits Times'' on 15 July 1845. It was renamed as the ''New Straits Times'' on 13 August 1974. The paper served as Malaysia's only broadsheet format English-language newspaper; however, following the example of British newspapers ''The Times'' and ''The Independent'', a tabloid version first rolled off the presses on 1 September 2004 and since 18 April 2005, the newspaper has been published only in tabloid size, ending a 160-year-old tradition of broadsheet publication. The ''New Straits Times'' currently retails at RM1.50 (~37 US cents) in Peninsular Malaysia. As of 2 January 2019, the group editor of the newspaper is Rashid Yusof. In 2020, the paper was listed as the 5th most trusted in a Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, Reuters In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johor State Constitution
The Johor State Constitution (; Jawi: ) is the state constitution of Johor, promulgated on 14 April 1895 by Sultan Abu Bakar. The contents of the constitution covers: * The procedures for the selection and coronation of the Sultan of Johor, as well as the succession procedures * The laws and responsibilities of the State Assembly, Executive Council (Exco) and their members * Rules regarding Islam as the official religion of Johor * The development of the basics of legal punishments by justice courts * International deals Since 1895, the Johor State Constitution was revised 4 times: * First Revision (1 April 1908) * Second Revision (17 September 1912) * Third Revision (12 May 1914) * Fourth Revision (17 July 1918) Role in Malay nationalism The Johor State Constitution was the first written constitution among the Malay states. The Johor State Constitution played a major role for the Malays during their opposition to the formation of the Malayan Union. The key factors of their pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johor Military Forces
The Royal Johor Military Force (Abbr.: JMF; ; “Johor State’s Loyal Deputy Army”) ( Jawi: ) is an independent military force of the state of Johor and the private royal guard of Sultan of Johor in Malaysia. The JMF is Malaysia's oldest active military unit still in operation and the only military in the Federation that is maintained by a state. The force comes under the control of the Sultan. Its headquarters are located at Sultan Ibrahim Camp, Johor Bahru. The retention of the army was one of the stipulations in 1946 which Johor made when it participated in the Federation of Malaya. The Ninth Schedule of the Constitution of Malaysia states that the Malaysian federal government is solely responsible for foreign policy and military forces in the country. The JMF will be involved under the Malaysian Armed Forces (MAF) during any kind of emergency and armed conflict as an infantry unit. History The JMF was established and raised in 1886 during the reign of the first Sultan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colonial Office
The Colonial Office was a government department of the Kingdom of Great Britain and later of the United Kingdom, first created in 1768 from the Southern Department to deal with colonial affairs in North America (particularly the Thirteen Colonies, as well as, the Canadian territories recently won from France), until merged into the new Home Office in 1782. In 1801, colonial affairs were transferred to the War Office in the lead up to the Napoleonic Wars, which became the War and Colonial Office to oversee and protect the colonies of the British Empire. The Colonial Office was re-created as a separate department 1854, under the colonial secretary. It was finally merged into the Commonwealth Office in 1966. Despite its name, the Colonial Office was responsible for much, but not all, of Britain's Imperial territories; the protectorates fell under the purview of the Foreign Office, and the British Presidencies in India were ruled by the East India Company until 1858, when the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
