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Subaru Impreza WRX
The Subaru WRX is an all-wheel drive sport compact car manufactured by the Japanese automaker Subaru, originally based on the Impreza created for the World Rally Championship in 1992. Subaru claimed the name WRX stands for "World Rally eXperimental". Starting with the 2015 models, the WRX lineup has been split from the Impreza, with a different body style that is not offered as an optional hatchback/wagon, being introduced as the separate Levorg model. Impreza-based models (1992–2014) The first three generations of the WRX, sold until the 2015 model year, were based on standard Impreza platforms, and replaced the Subaru RX hatchback and saloon. File:Subaru Impreza GT (39720984685) (cropped).jpg, 2000 Subaru Impreza GT (European WRX equivalent) (GC) File:Subaru Impreza GT (39720984805) (cropped).jpg, 2000 Subaru Impreza GT (GC) File:1999 Subaru Impreza (MY99) WRX STI Version 5 coupe (23295614974).jpg, 1999 Subaru Impreza WRX STI (GM) File:2000 Subaru Impreza Turbo 20 ...
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Gawker Media
Gawker Media LLC (formerly Blogwire, Inc. and Gawker Media, Inc.) was an American internet media company and Link farm#Blog network, blog network. It was founded by Nick Denton in October 2003 as Blogwire, and was based in New York City. Incorporated in the Cayman Islands, as of 2012, Gawker Media was the Holding company, parent company for seven different weblogs and many subsites under them: ''Gawker, Gawker.com'', ''Deadspin'', ''Lifehacker'', ''Gizmodo'', ''Kotaku'', ''Jalopnik'', and ''Jezebel (website), Jezebel''. All Gawker articles are licensed on a Creative Commons attribution-noncommercial license. In 2004, the company renamed from Blogwire, Inc. to Gawker Media, Inc., and to Gawker Media LLC shortly after. On June 10, 2016, the company filed for Chapter 11, Title 11, United States Code, Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection after damages of $140 million were awarded against the company as a result of the Hulk Hogan Bollea v. Gawker, sex tape lawsuit. On August 16, 2016, all ...
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Coupé
A coupe or coupé (, ) is a passenger car with a sloping or truncated rear roofline and typically with two doors. The term ''coupé'' was first applied to horse-drawn carriages for two passengers without rear-facing seats. It comes from the French past participle of , "cut". Some coupé cars only have two seats, while some also feature rear seats. However, these rear seats are usually lower quality and much smaller than those in the front. Furthermore, "A fixed-top two-door sports car would be best and most appropriately be termed a 'sports coupe' or 'sports coupé'". __TOC__ Etymology and pronunciation () is based on the past participle of the French verb ("to cut") and thus indicates a car which has been "cut" or made shorter than standard. It was first applied to horse-drawn carriages for two passengers without rear-facing seats. These or ("clipped carriages") were eventually clipping (phonetics), clipped to .. There are two common pronunciations in English: * () ...
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Subaru Crosstrek
The is a compact crossover SUV produced by Subaru since 2012. It is a successor to the Outback Sport in the United States and Canada, and the Impreza XV globally. Like the Outback Sport, the Crosstrek is a lifted Impreza hatchback with minor differences, though with a more substantial lift than the Outback Sport. Initially, the vehicle was marketed as the XV globally, and as the XV Crosstrek in the United States and Canada. In 2015, Subaru dropped the XV moniker in the United States and Canada, marketing it simply as the Crosstrek for the 2016 model year and onward. In 2022, Subaru introduced the third-generation model, using the Crosstrek nameplate globally for the first time. All generations of the Crosstrek are raised versions of the Subaru Impreza hatchback. __TOC__ First generation (GP; 2012) Concept Subaru showcased the Subaru XV concept vehicle in 2011. Based on a raised suspension version of the Subaru Impreza 5-door hatchback, the XV concept offered alumin ...
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Continuously Variable Transmission
A continuously variable transmission (CVT) is an automated Transmission (mechanical device), transmission that can change through a continuous range of gear ratios, typically resulting in better fuel economy in gasoline applications. This contrasts with other transmissions that provide a limited number of gear ratios in fixed steps. The flexibility of a CVT with suitable control may allow the engine to operate at a constant angular velocity while the vehicle moves at varying speeds. Thus, CVT has a simpler structure, longer internal component lifespan, and greater durability. Compared to traditional automatic transmissions, it offers lower fuel consumption and is more environmentally friendly. CVTs are used in cars, tractors, Side-by-side (vehicle), side-by-sides, motor scooters, snowmobiles, bicycles, and Heavy equipment, earthmoving equipment. The most common type of CVT uses two pulleys connected by a Belt (mechanical), belt or Chain drive, chain; however, several other desig ...
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Lineartronic
Subaru motor vehicles have used manual, conventional automatic, and continuously variable (CVT) transmissions. Subaru manufactures its own manual and CVT transmissions (for non-Kei cars). Since the 2014 model year, the conventional automatic transmissions in North American-spec Subaru vehicles have been replaced with Lineartronic CVTs (with one exception : the BRZ) Automatic Three-speed All of Subaru's three speed automatic transmissions were made by Jatco. 3AT *Gear Ratios: 1st 2.600 2nd 1.505 3rd 1.000 Rev 4.100 *Usage: 1975–1979 Subaru Leone 3AT 1st revision *Gear Ratios: 1st 2.600 2nd 1.505 3rd 1.000 Rev 2.166 *Usage: 1980–1982 Subaru Leone 3AT The 3AT was a hydraulically controlled 3AT with available Single-Range 4WD. *Gear Ratios: 1st 2.821 2nd 1.559 3rd 1.000 Rev 2.257 *Usage: 1983–1984,1990-1994 Subaru Leone 1985–1989 Subaru XT and Subaru BRAT Four-speed Subaru built their own four-speed automatic transmission based on the old Jatco design. It was ...
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Manual Transmission
A manual transmission (MT), also known as manual gearbox, standard transmission (in Canadian English, Canada, British English, the United Kingdom and American English, the United States), or stick shift (in the United States), is a multi-speed motor vehicle Transmission (mechanical device), transmission system where gear changes require the driver to manually select the gears by operating a gear stick and clutch (which is usually a foot pedal for cars or a hand lever for motorcycles). Early automobiles used ''sliding-mesh'' manual transmissions with up to three forward gear ratios. Since the 1950s, ''constant-mesh'' manual transmissions have become increasingly commonplace, and the number of forward ratios has increased to 5-speed and 6-speed manual transmissions for current vehicles. The alternative to a manual transmission is an automatic transmission. Common types of automatic transmissions are the Automatic transmission#Hydraulic automatic transmissions, hydraulic automatic ...
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Subaru FA Engine
The Subaru FA engine is a gasoline flat-4, boxer-4 engine used in Subaru and Toyota automobiles. It is a derivative of the Subaru FB engine, FB engine, with efforts to reduce weight while maintaining durability as the main design goals. Although the FA and FB engines share a common platform, the FA shares very little in dedicated parts with the FB engine, with a different block, head, connecting rods, and pistons. Development The FA series engine was developed for the Subaru BRZ and the first FA engine, the FA20D, was designed to be mounted as low as possible and to minimize the polar moment of the chassis to improve dynamic response and handling. The FA engine features a shallower oil pan and shorter intake manifold to reduce overall engine height compared to the Subaru FB engine. The FA and FB engines share few parts. A direct injection-only turbo variant of the FA20, the FA20F, was introduced in late 2012 with the 2012 Legacy GT (for the Japanese market) and in the United State ...
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Turbocharger
In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (also known as a turbo or a turbosupercharger) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake air, forcing more air into the engine in order to produce more power for a given displacement.
Turbochargers are distinguished from superchargers in that a turbocharger is powered by the kinetic energy of the exhaust gases, whereas a is mechanically powered (usually by a belt from the engine's crankshaft). However, up until the mid-20th century, a turbocharger was called a "turbosupercharger" and was considered a type of supercharger.


History

Prior to the inv ...
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Flat-four Engine
A flat-four engine, also known as a horizontally opposed-four engine or boxer engine, is a four-cylinder piston engine with two banks of cylinders lying on opposite sides of a common crankshaft. The most common type of flat-four engine is the boxer-four engine, each pair of opposed pistons moves inwards and outwards at the same time. A boxer-four engine has perfect primary and secondary balance, however, the two cylinder heads means the design is more expensive to produce than a straight-four engine. There is a minor, secondary unbalanced rotational torque pulse in the plane of the pistons, when a piston pair at one end of the engine is at TDC and the other pair at BDC. The TDC pair creates a torque greater than the BDC pair, so the net unbalanced torque pulse is the difference. The difference in TDC vs BDC inertial forces is explained in the Engine balance section. Boxer-four engines have been used in cars since 1897, especially by Volkswagen and Subaru. They have also occasional ...
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Subaru EJ Engine
The Subaru EJ engine is a series of four-stroke automotive engines manufactured by Subaru. They were introduced in 1989, intended to succeed the previous Subaru EA engine. The EJ series was the mainstay of Subaru's engine line, with all engines of this series being 16-valve horizontal Flat-four engine, flat-fours, with configurations available for single, or double-overhead camshaft arrangements (Overhead camshaft#Single overhead camshaft, SOHC or Overhead camshaft#Dual overhead camshaft, DOHC). Naturally aspirated and turbocharged versions are available, ranging from . These engines are commonly used in light aircraft, kit cars and engine swaps into air-cooled Volkswagens, and are also popular as a swap into Volkswagen Type 2 (T3), Volkswagen T3/Vanagons powered by the Volkswagen Wasserboxer engine. Primary engineering on the EJ series was done by Masayuki Kodama, Takemasa Yamada and Shuji Sawafuji of Fuji Heavy Industries, Subaru's parent company. EJ15 (1.5L Boxer NA) Usage: ...
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Petrol Engine
A petrol engine (gasoline engine in American and Canadian English) is an internal combustion engine designed to run on petrol (gasoline). Petrol engines can often be adapted to also run on fuels such as liquefied petroleum gas and ethanol blends (such as '' E10'' and '' E85''). They may be designed to run on petrol with a higher octane rating, as sold at petrol stations. Most petrol engines use spark ignition, unlike diesel engines which run on diesel fuel and typically use compression ignition. Another key difference to diesel engines is that petrol engines typically have a lower compression ratio. History The first practical petrol engine was built in 1876 in Germany by Nicolaus August Otto and Eugen Langen, although there had been earlier attempts by Étienne Lenoir in 1860, Siegfried Marcus in 1864 and George Brayton in 1873. Design Thermodynamic cycle Most petrol engines use either the four-stroke Otto cycle or the two-stroke cycle. Petrol engines have also ...
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Saab Automobile
Saab Automobile AB () was a automotive industry, car manufacturer that was founded in Sweden in 1945 when its parent company, Saab AB, began a project to design a small automobile. The first production model, the Saab 92, was launched in 1949. In 1968, the parent company merged with Scania-Vabis, and ten years later the Saab 900 was launched, in time becoming Saab's best-selling model. In the mid-1980s, the new Saab 9000 model also appeared. In 1989, the automobile division of Saab-Scania was restructured into an independent company, Saab Automobile AB. The American manufacturer General Motors (GM) took 50 percent ownership. Two well-known models to come out of this period were the Saab 9-3 and the Saab 9-5. Then, in 2000, GM exercised its option to acquire the remaining 50 percent. In 2010, GM sold Saab Automobile AB to the Dutch automobile manufacturer Spyker Cars N.V. After many years establishing a sound engineering reputation and ultimately a luxury car, luxury price tag, ...
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