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Three Rs (animal Research)
The Three Rs (3Rs) are guiding principles for more ethical use of animals in product testing and scientific research. They were first described by W. M. S. Russell and R. L. Burch in 1959.Russell, W.M.S. and Burch, R.L., (1959). ''The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique'', Methuen, London.A digital version of the Principles may be accessed for free on thwebsiteof Johns Hopkins University's Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (CAAT). The 3Rs are: #Replacement: methods which avoid the use of animals in research #Reduction: use of methods that enable researchers to minimise the number of animals necessary to obtain reliable and useful information. #Refinement: use of methods that alleviate or minimize potential pain, suffering, distress, or lasting harm and improve welfare for the animals used. The 3Rs have a broader scope than simply encouraging alternatives to animal testing, but aim to improve animal welfare and scientific quality where the use of animals cannot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Return, Reclamation, Rehabilitation
Return, Reclamation, Rehabilitation (abbreviated 3R, ) is a rebel group in the northwestern part of Central African Republic. The group was formed in December 2015 to protect Fulani herders from Anti-balaka militia attacks.Amnesty InternationalCENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC 2017/2018 The group has launched attacks on numerous towns, killed unarmed civilians and UN peacekeepers, and carried out several kidnappings. Their former leader, Sidiki Abass, was sanctioned in 2020 by the United States government, and members of the group have been sentenced by the Central African Republic's Special Criminal Court. History The group were initially restricted to the Ouham-Pendé prefecture. In 2016, they captured the towns of De Gaulle and Niem, killing at least 17 civilians in the process. Their original enemy was the rebel group Anti-balaka, from whom they captured the village of Bocaranga in 2017 before transferring it to the Central African Armed Forces in January 2019. 3R began to escalat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hong Kong International Airport Master Plan 2030
Hong Kong International Airport ("HKIA"), is connected to about 180 destinations, through over 1,000 daily flights by more than 100 airlines. Hong Kong is 5 hours away from half the world's population, so in order to meet future demand until 2030 and beyond, the Airport Authority Hong Kong ("AAHK") proposed the expansion of HKIA into a three-runway system ("3RS") to support the two currently operated runways, through the introduction of Master Plan 2030 ("MP 2030") in 2011. Facing a projected increase in air traffic, the Airport Authority Hong Kong promulgated the Hong Kong International Airport Master Plan 2030 on 2 June 2011. Its main project aimed at expanding the current airport infrastructure to a Third-Runway System to maintain the position of Hong Kong International Airport as a leading international and regional aviation hub. Project overview The three-runway project involves seven core projects, namely: # Construction of the Third Runway: The new runway (now in operat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Intelsat 3R
Intelsat 3R (formerly PAS-3R) is a communications satellite serving the Americas market. It is owned by Intelsat and located at 43° West longitude. Satellite description Hughes Aircraft Corporation constructed the satellite based on the HS-601 satellite bus, having a mass at launch of , which decreased to around when it was operational. The spacecraft had 20 C-band and 20 Ku-band transponders. Its two solar panels spanned and generated 4.7 kW of power when the spacecraft first entered service. The power was expected to drop to around 4.3 kW by the end of the vehicle's operational life, i.e., 15 years. Launch Arianespace launched PAS-3R using an Ariane 4 launch vehicle, flight number V82, in the Ariane 44L H10-3 configuration. The launch occurred on 12 January 1996 at 23:10:00 UTC from ELA-2 at the Centre Spatial Guyanais, at Kourou in French Guiana. Intelsat 3R Intelsat 3R was launched in January 1996 and operated by PanAmSat until it merged with Intel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yaesu VX-3R
The Yaesu VX series is a line of two sequences of compact amateur radio handheld transceivers produced by Yaesu. There is a line of ultra-compact lower-power dual-band (2 m and 70 cm) transceivers that started with the VX-1R and was later updated with the VX-2R and VX-3R. There is also a line of 5 W tri-band transceivers that started with the VX-5R and was later updated with the VX-6R, VX-7R and VX-8R. Common features The VX line of radios all have features common to most modern hand held amateur radios: * CTCSS and DCS decode/encode and European Tone Burst * RF Squelch capability * Selectable deviation (wide/narrow) * DTMF transmission and memories. In addition, the VX line has features available on only some other brands: * Receive coverage in AM, NFM, and WFM * Wide-band receive coverage, from 500 kHz up to 999 MHz * User-selectable 10 dB attenuator * Ultra-compact size * Channel memories (including frequency, CTCSS/DCS squelch tone and mode, repeater offse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3R Computers
3R Computers, Inc., or RRR Computers, Inc., later Avatar Technologies, was an American computer company based in Westborough, Massachusetts, known for their Avatar series of dumb terminal-to-workstation devices. History As 3R Computers (1981–1983) 3R Computers was founded in Westborough, Massachusetts, in December 1981 by Edward G. Grace, Brad Hebert (born 1944), and Fred Schlaffer. All three had previously worked for the Data General Corporation, a large minicomputer manufacturer whose headquarters were in the same city. Grace was named chief executive officer and president, while Hebert and Schlaffer both shared vice president status. The company spent a year in research and development before releasing the company's first product, the Avatar Terminal Converter (TC1), in late 1982. Grace cited dissatisfaction with Data General's reduction in complex projects amid the recession of the early 1980s as his reason for quitting: "Some companies are cutting back on esearch and deve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RRR (other)
'' RRR'' is a 2022 Indian Telugu-language film. RRR may also refer to: Art and entertainment * ''RRR'' (soundtrack), soundtrack album of the film of the same name * '' RRR: Behind and Beyond'', documentary film about the production of the film of the same name * RRRecords, a record label * '' Roots Rock Riot'', a 2007 album by Skindred * Rhythm, Rhyme, Results, an educational music company based in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States * '' River Runs Red'', the debut album from Brooklyn, New York band Life of Agony, released in 1993 Finance * Required rate of return, a value indicating the minimum return that investors expect from an investment * Required reserve ratio, or reserve ratio requirement, a regulation that sets the minimum reserves each bank must hold to customer deposits and note Sport * Red River Rivalry, the Oklahoma-Texas college football rivalry game * Required run rate, a scoring statistic in limited-overs cricket * Double R Racing, formerly Räikköne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3R (print Size)
Standard photographic print sizes are used in photographic printing. Cut sheets of paper meant for printing photographs are commonly sold in these sizes. Many nominal and effective sizes are specified in international standard ISO 1008 using millimeters only, although most are clearly derived from integer-inch lengths. They are highlighted in the table below. United States In the US, size names are often denoted with a code of the format ''n''R, where the number ''n'' represents the length of the shorter edge in inches. In the normal series, the long edge is the length of the short edge plus 2 inches (10 in or less) or 3 inches (11 in and above). The alternative Super series, denoted S''n''R, ''n''R Plus or ''n''R+, has an aspect ratio of (or as close as possible) and thus provides a better fit for standard 135 film (35 mm) at sizes of 8 inches or above. 5R is twice the size of a 2R print, 6R twice the size of a 4R print and S8R twice the size of 6R. 4D/6D is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Rail Class 206
The British Rail Class 206 or 3R was a type of Diesel-electric multiple unit (DEMU), introduced in 1964. They were not 'built' as such but rather re-formed from Class 201 and EPB vehicles for use on -- (North Downs Line) services. Six three-car sets were created, numbered 1201-1206. Creation By 1964, the majority of services on the Southern Region of British Railways had been converted to diesel and electric operation. However, steam locomotives continued to operate the entire service on the North Downs Line. New trains for that route could not be justified because passenger numbers were relatively low. Following service cuts on the Hastings Line, twelve carriages from Class 201 diesel-electric units were available for use, so a decision was made to combine those vehicles with six redundant driving trailers from 2-EPB electric multiple units (EMU). Several changes were made to the vehicles before they entered service. The EPB vehicles were fitted with buckeye couplers to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
R3 (other)
R3, R.III or R-3 or R/3 may refer to: Aviation * Aviatik R.III, a German aircraft * DFW R.III, a World War I German bomber aircraft * Ross R-3 glider * Tupolev R-3 Soviet reconnaissance aircraft * Yakutia Airlines IATA airline designator Entertainment * BBC Radio 3, a radio operated by the BBC within the United Kingdom * ''R3'' (TV series), produced by the BBC between 1964 and 1965 * Region 3, the DVD region code for Southeast Asia, South Korea, Republic of China (Taiwan), Hong Kong, Macau * '' Resistance 3'', the third game in the ''Resistance'' series * ''R3'' (video game), a computer game for the Amiga series of computers in 1995 Military * Version of the German Rheintochter ground to air missile * R-3 (missile), an abandoned Soviet ICBM design from the late '40s. * K-13 (missile), the Vympel K-13, an air-to-air missile also known as R-3S in Soviet service * R-3 tank, a proposed Romanian tank design for use in World War II * , a 1919 R-class coastal and harbor defen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3R (optical Regenerator)
An optical communications repeater is used in a fiber-optic communications system to regenerate an optical signal. Such repeaters are used to extend the reach of optical communications links by overcoming loss due to attenuation of the optical fiber. Some repeaters also correct for distortion of the optical signal by converting it to an electrical signal, processing that electrical signal and then retransmitting an optical signal. Such repeaters are known as optical-electrical-optical (OEO) due to the conversion of the signal. These repeaters are also called regenerators for the same reason. Classification of regenerators Optical regenerations are classified into 3 categories by the 3 R's scheme. # R : reamplification of the data pulse alone is carried out. # 2R : in addition to reamplification, pulse reshaping is carried out. E.g.: Mamyshev 2R regenerator. # 3R : in addition to reamplification and reshaping, retiming of data pulse is done. All-optical regenerators An alternat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modern Liberalism In The United States
Modern liberalism, often referred to simply as liberalism, is the dominant version of liberalism in the United States. It combines ideas of civil liberty and Social equality, equality with support for social justice and a mixed economy. Modern liberalism is one of two major political ideologies in the United States, with the other being Conservatism in the United States, conservatism. According to American philosopher Ian Adams, all major American parties are "Liberalism, liberal and always have been. Essentially they espouse classical liberalism, that is a form of democratized Whig constitutionalism plus the free market. The point of difference comes with the influence of social liberalism." Economically, modern liberalism supports government regulation on private industry, opposes corporate monopolies, and supports labor rights. Its fiscal policy supports sufficient funding for a social safety net, while simultaneously promoting income-proportional tax reform policies to reduce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
