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St Cuthbert's Church, Dufton
St Cuthbert's Church is situated north of the village of Dufton, Cumbria, England. It should not be confused with the nearby St Cuthbert's church, Milburn. It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Appleby, the archdeaconry of Carlisle, and the diocese of Carlisle. The parish is one of ten parishes which form the benefice of the Heart of Eden. The Parish Church of St Cuthbert, Dufton, is situated north-west of the village of Dufton – the name of which means 'dove farm' – and nestles beneath the eastern fells above the Eden Valley, about north of Appleby and south-east of Penrith. From the new churchyard, fine views are to be had of Dufton Pike and the Pennines. History and Etymology The old churchyard is curvilinear, possibly indicating a Celtic foundation. 'Old Dufton', the site of a settlement on the fell above Dufton, has been identified as Romano-British. The first mention of 'the manor of Dufton' occurs in the Pipe Rolls of 1176 and of the church ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dufton
Dufton is a village and civil parish in Cumbria, England. Historically part of Westmorland, it lies in the Eden Valley and below Great Dun Fell. It is mostly around 180m above sea level. At the 2001 census the parish had a population of 169, increasing to 204 at the 2011 Census The centre of the village is built around a green, on the north side of which is the Stag Inn. The village green is oblong in shape and is bisected by an avenue of lime trees that crosses it diagonally. Houses in the village were built from the 17th century onwards and the village has changed little over the last 100 years. History Dufton is an ancient settlement and some of the earliest written records of the village are from the 1320s. The place-name ''Dufton'' is first attested in 1289 and means 'dove town or farmstead'. The Rolls of Appointment report the "living" of the parish of Dufton in 1323. St Cuthbert's Church just outside the village mainly dates from the 19th century. Dufton was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kirkby Thore
Kirkby Thore is a small village and civil parish in Cumbria, England (), in the historic county of Westmorland. It is close to the Lake District national park and the Cumbrian Pennines. It includes the areas of Bridge End, in the southwest by the A66, and Cross End in the northeast of the village. At the 2001 census the parish had a population of 731, increasing to 758 at the 2011 Census. The market town of Appleby-in-Westmorland is about away, and the larger town of Penrith is about away. History The place-name 'Kirkby Thore' is first attested in 1179 in the 'Register of Holm Cultram', where it appears as ''Kirkebythore''. ''Kirkby'' means 'church village' or 'village with a church', whilst ''Thore'' is an Old Norse personal name related to the god Thor. The village is on the site of a Roman cavalry camp called Bravoniacum or ''Brovonacae'' and Roman coins, tombstones, sandals, urns, earthen vessels, and the cusp of a spear have been found in the locality. Since the ti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gothic Architecture
Gothic architecture (or pointed architecture) is an architectural style that was prevalent in Europe from the late 12th to the 16th century, during the High and Late Middle Ages, surviving into the 17th and 18th centuries in some areas. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture. It originated in the Île-de-France and Picardy regions of northern France. The style at the time was sometimes known as ''opus Francigenum'' (lit. French work); the term ''Gothic'' was first applied contemptuously during the later Renaissance, by those ambitious to revive the architecture of classical antiquity. The defining design element of Gothic architecture is the pointed or ogival arch. The use of the pointed arch in turn led to the development of the pointed rib vault and flying buttresses, combined with elaborate tracery and stained glass windows. At the Abbey of Saint-Denis, near Paris, the choir was reconstructed between 1140 and 114 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Queen's College, Oxford
The Queen's College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford, England. The college was founded in 1341 by Robert de Eglesfield in honour of Philippa of Hainault. It is distinguished by its predominantly neoclassical architecture, which includes buildings designed by Sir Christopher Wren and Nicholas Hawksmoor. In 2018, the college had an endowment of £291 million, making it the fourth-wealthiest college (after Christ Church, St. John's, and All Souls). History The college was founded in 1341 as "Hall of the Queen's scholars of Oxford" by Robert de Eglesfield (d'Eglesfield), chaplain to the Queen, Philippa of Hainault, after whom the hall was named. Robert's aim was to provide clergymen for his native Cumberland and where he lived in Westmorland (both part of modern Cumbria). In addition, the college was to provide charity for the poor. The college's coat of arms is that of the founder; it differs slightly from his family's coat of arms, which did not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Appleby Grammar School
Appleby Grammar School is a mixed secondary school and sixth form in Appleby-in-Westmorland, Cumbria for students aged 11 to 18. Since 2011, it has been an Academy. Until 2013, the school was a registered charity. History The origins of Appleby Grammar lie in the three chantries established in the town's two medieval churches; those of the Blessed Virgin Mary (founded c.1260 by William de Goldyngton, Mayor of Appleby) and of St Nicholas (founded in 1334 by Robert de Threlkeld), both in the Church of St Lawrence, and that of the Virgin Mary (founded by William L'English before 1344) in the Church of St Michael, Bongate. These chantries, constituted to celebrate masses for the souls of their founders, were also endowed (as deeds of 1478 and 1518 SMB/Aand 1533 show) with monies to enjoin the chaplain to teach a free grammar school in the borough, initially in the church itself, as a part of his duty. The first mention of a school in Appleby is shown by the sale in 1452 of a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Boste
John Boste (c. 1544 – 24 July 1594) is a saint in the Catholic Church, and one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales. Life John Boste was born in Dufton, Westmorland around 1544, the son of Nicholas Boste, landowner of Dufton and Penrith and Janet Hutton, of Hutton Hall, Penrith. He was educated at Appleby Grammar School and Queen's College, Oxford, where he took B.A. and M.A. degrees, and became a fellow of his college in 1572. Two years later he was back in Appleby, to become the first headmaster under the Charter of Queen Elizabeth. He converted to Catholicism in 1576. He left England and was ordained a priest at Reims in March 1581.Camm, Bede. "St. John Boste." The Catholic Encyclopedia Vol. 2. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1907. 28 March 2016 Boste returned to England in Ap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pope Paul VI
Pope Paul VI ( la, Paulus VI; it, Paolo VI; born Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini, ; 26 September 18976 August 1978) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 21 June 1963 to his death in August 1978. Succeeding John XXIII, he continued the Second Vatican Council, which he closed in 1965, implementing its numerous reforms. He fostered improved ecumenical relations with Eastern Orthodox and Protestant churches, which resulted in many historic meetings and agreements. Montini served in the Holy See's Secretariat of State from 1922 to 1954. While in the Secretariat of State, Montini and Domenico Tardini were considered to be the closest and most influential advisors of Pope Pius XII. In 1954, Pius named Montini Archbishop of Milan, the largest Italian diocese. Montini later became the Secretary of the Italian Bishops' Conference. John XXIII elevated him to the College of Cardinals in 1958, and after the death of John XXIII, Montin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Knock, Cumbria
Knock is a small village in the Eden district of Cumbria, England, and 1.9 km northwest of the larger village of Dufton and 3.1 km south of the village of Milburn. It lies midway between Cross Fell to the north and the town of Appleby-in-Westmorland to the south. Knock is situated 1 km east of the small hamlet and farm, Knock Cross. History, geography and etymology The place-name 'Knock' is first attested in a Yorkshire charter from between 1150 and 1162, where it appears as ''Chonoc-salchild''. It appears as ''Knok'' in an ''Inquisition post mortem'' of 1323. The name means 'hillock', from the Brittonic ''*cnuc'', Old Irish ''cnocc'' or Irish ''cnoc''; an apparent reference to the nearby Knock Pike, which is 1,306 feet high, and can be seen in the photo to the right. Circa 1870, it had a population of 197 as recorded in the Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales. Knock is also shown on Thomas Jefferys's 1770 map of Westmorland. Knock once had a Methodist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voussoirs
A voussoir () is a wedge-shaped element, typically a stone, which is used in building an arch or vault. Although each unit in an arch or vault is a voussoir, two units are of distinct functional importance: the keystone and the springer. The keystone is the centre stone or masonry unit at the apex of an arch. The springer is the lowest voussoir on each side, located where the curve of the arch springs from the vertical support or abutment of the wall or pier. The keystone is often decorated or enlarged. An enlarged and sometimes slightly dropped keystone is often found in Mannerist arches of the 16th century, beginning with the works of Giulio Romano, who also began the fashion for using voussoirs above rectangular openings, rather than a lintel (Palazzo Stati Maccarani, Rome, circa 1522). The word is a stonemason's term borrowed in Middle English from French verbs connoting a "turn" ('' OED''). Each wedge-shaped voussoir ''turns aside'' the thrust of the mass above, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
St Cuthbert
Cuthbert of Lindisfarne ( – 20 March 687) was an Anglo-Saxon saint of the early Northumbrian church in the Celtic tradition. He was a monk, bishop and hermit, associated with the monasteries of Melrose and Lindisfarne in the Kingdom of Northumbria, today in north-eastern England and south-eastern Scotland. Both during his life and after his death he became a popular medieval saint of Northern England, with a cult centred on his tomb at Durham Cathedral. Cuthbert is regarded as the patron saint of Northumbria. His feast days are 20 March (Catholic Church, Church of England, Eastern Orthodox Church, Episcopal Church) and 4 September (Church in Wales, Catholic Church). Cuthbert grew up in or around Lauderdale, near Old Melrose Abbey, a daughter-house of Lindisfarne, today in Scotland. He decided to become a monk after seeing a vision on the night in 651 that Aidan, the founder of Lindisfarne, died, but he seems to have experienced some period of military service beforeha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Penrith, Cumbria
Penrith (, , ) is a market town and civil parish in the county of Cumbria, England, about south of Carlisle. It is less than outside the Lake District National Park, in between the Rivers Petteril and Eamont and just north of the River Lowther. It had a population of 15,181 at the 2011 Census. Historically in Cumberland, Penrith's current local authorities are the Eden District Council, which is based in the town, and Cumbria County Council. In 2023, Penrith will become part of the Westmorland and Furness unitary authority area. From 1974 to 2015, it was an unparished area with no local council. A civil parish was reintroduced as Penrith Town Council and first elected on 7 May 2015. Toponymy The etymology of "Penrith" has been debated. Several writers argue for the Cumbric or Welsh "head, chief, end" (both noun and adjective) with the Cumbric , Welsh "ford", to mean "chief ford", "hill ford", "ford end", or Whaley's suggestion: "the head of the ford" or "headl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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