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Somerset V Stewart
''Somerset v Stewart'' (177298 ER 499(also known as ''Sommersett v Steuart'', Somersett's case, and the Mansfield Judgment) is a judgment of the English Court of King's Bench (England), Court of King's Bench in 1772, relating to the right of an slavery, enslaved person on English soil not to be forcibly removed from the country and sent to Jamaica for sale. According to one reported version of the case, William Murray, 1st Earl of Mansfield, Lord Mansfield decided that: Lord Mansfield found that to the extent the laws of England and Wales had ever permitted slavery, those laws were superseded by later law or otherwise defunct. This absence of a current English statute ("positive law") under which the court might remand someone as a slave proved decisive, as Mansfield refused to accept any other basis for the court to order something that he considered repugnant. The case was closely followed throughout the Empire, particularly in the thirteen American colonies. Scholars have d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lord Mansfield
William Murray, 1st Earl of Mansfield, (2 March 1705 – 20 March 1793), was a British judge, politician, lawyer, and peer best known for his reforms to English law. Born in Scone Palace, Perthshire, to a family of Peerage of Scotland, Scottish nobility, he was educated in Perth, Scotland, Perth before moving to London at the age of 13 to study at Westminster School. Accepted into Christ Church, Oxford, in May 1723, Mansfield graduated four years later and returned to London, where he was called to the Bar by Lincoln's Inn in November 1730 and quickly gained a reputation as an excellent barrister. He became involved in British politics in 1742, beginning with his election to the House of Commons of Great Britain, House of Commons as a Member of Parliament (UK), Member of Parliament for Boroughbridge (UK Parliament constituency), Boroughbridge and appointment as Solicitor General for England and Wales, Solicitor General. In the absence of a strong Attorney General for England ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Recognizance
In some common law nations, a recognizance is a conditional pledge of money undertaken by a person before a court which, if the person defaults, the person or their sureties will forfeit that sum. It is an obligation of record, entered into before a court or magistrate duly authorized, whereby the party bound acknowledges (recognizes) that they owe a personal debt to the state. A recognizance is subject to a " defeasance"; that is, the obligation will be avoided if person bound does some particular act, such as appearing in court on a particular day, or keeping the peace. In criminal cases the concept is used both as a form of bail when a person has been charged but not tried and also when a person has been found guilty at trial as an incentive not to commit further misconduct. The concept of a recognizance exists in Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, the Republic of Ireland, and the United States. Recognizances were frequently used by courts of quarter sessions, for example they make ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uncle Tom's Cabin
''Uncle Tom's Cabin; or, Life Among the Lowly'' is an anti-slavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe. Published in two Volume (bibliography), volumes in 1852, the novel had a profound effect on attitudes toward African Americans and Slavery in the United States, slavery in the U.S., and is said to have "helped lay the groundwork for the American Civil War". Stowe, a Connecticut-born teacher at the Hartford Female Seminary, was part of the religious Beecher family and an active Abolitionism in the United States, abolitionist. She wrote the sentimental novel to depict the reality of slavery while also asserting that Christian love could overcome slavery. The novel focuses on the character of Uncle Tom, a long-suffering black slave around whom the stories of the other characters revolve. In the United States, ''Uncle Tom's Cabin'' was the best-selling novel and the second best-selling book of the 19th century, following the Bible. It is credited with helping fuel th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Harriet Elisabeth Beecher Stowe (; June 14, 1811 – July 1, 1896) was an American author and Abolitionism in the United States, abolitionist. She came from the religious Beecher family and wrote the popular novel ''Uncle Tom's Cabin'' (1852), which depicts the harsh conditions experienced by Slavery in the United States, enslaved African Americans. The book reached an audience of millions as a novel and play, and became influential in the United States and in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Great Britain, energizing anti-slavery forces in the Northern United States, American North, while provoking widespread anger in the Antebellum South, South. Stowe wrote 30 books, including novels, three travel memoirs, and collections of articles and letters. She was influential both for her writings as well as for her public stances and debates on social issues of the day. Life and work Harriet Elisabeth Beecher was born in Litchfield, Connecticut, on June 14, 1811.McFarla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abolitionism In The United States
In the United States, abolitionism, the movement that sought to end slavery in the United States, slavery in the country, was active from the Colonial history of the United States, colonial era until the American Civil War, the end of which brought about the abolition of American slavery, Penal labor in the United States, except as punishment for a crime, through the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution (ratified 1865). The anti-slavery movement originated during the Age of Enlightenment, focused on ending the Atlantic slave trade, transatlantic slave trade. In Colonial America, a few German Quakers issued the 1688 Germantown Quaker Petition Against Slavery, which marked the beginning of the American abolitionist movement. Before the American Revolutionary War, Revolutionary War, Evangelicalism in the United States, evangelical colonists were the primary advocates for the opposition to Slavery in the colonial United States, slavery and the slave trade, doing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was the 16th president of the United States, serving from 1861 until Assassination of Abraham Lincoln, his assassination in 1865. He led the United States through the American Civil War, defeating the Confederate States of America and playing a major role in the End of slavery in the United States, abolition of slavery. Lincoln was born into poverty in Kentucky and raised on the American frontier, frontier. He was self-educated and became a lawyer, Illinois state Illinois House of Representatives, legislator, and U.S. representative. Angered by the Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854, which opened the territories to slavery, he became a leader of the new History of the Republican Party (United States), Republican Party. He reached a national audience in the Lincoln–Douglas debates, 1858 Senate campaign debates against Stephen A. Douglas. Lincoln won the 1860 United States presidential election, 1860 presidential election, wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sidney Blumenthal
Sidney Stone Blumenthal (born November 6, 1948) is an American journalist, political operative, and Abraham Lincoln scholar. A former aide to Bill Clinton, he is a long-time confidant of Hillary Clinton, and was formerly employed by the Clinton Foundation. As a journalist, Blumenthal wrote about American politics and foreign policy. He is also the author of a multivolume biography of Lincoln, ''The Political Life of Abraham Lincoln''. Three books of the planned five-volume series have already been published (''A Self-Made Man'', ''Wrestling With His Angel'', and ''All the Powers of Earth''), and subsequent volumes were planned for later. Blumenthal has written for publications such as ''The Washington Post'', '' Vanity Fair'', and ''The New Yorker'', for whom he served for a time as the magazine's Washington correspondent, and was, briefly, the Washington, D.C. bureau chief for ''Salon''. He is a regular contributor to the openDemocracy website and is a regular columnist for ''Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Philpot Curran
John Philpot Curran (24 July 1750 – 14 October 1817) was an Irish orator, politician, and lawyer celebrated for his defence of civil and political liberty. He first won popular acclaim in 1780, as the only lawyer in his circuit willing to represent a Catholic priest horsewhipped by an Anglo-Irish lord. In the 1790s he was celebrated as a champion in the Irish House of Commons of Catholic emancipation and parliamentary reform, and in court as defence counsel for United Irishmen facing charges of sedition and treason. Following the rebellion of 1798, he was vocal in his opposition to Britain's incorporation of Ireland in a United Kingdom. Curran's speeches before the judicial bench were widely admired. Lord Byron said of Curran, "I have heard that man speak more poetry than I have seen written". Karl Marx described him as the greatest "people's advocate" of the eighteenth century. Early life The Curran family Born in Newmarket, County Cork, he was the eldest of five chil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Glynn
John Glynn Serjeant-at-law of Glynn (1722–1779) was an English lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1768 to 1779. Glynn was born to a family of Cornish gentry. He inherited his father's estate at Glynn in the parish of Cardinham, Cornwall, on the deaths of his elder brother and his nephew. Glynn was admitted to the Middle Temple on 21 January 1740–1741. On 28 January 1747/8, he was called to the Bar. In 1763, Glynn became serjeant-at-law, and in the following year Recorder of Exeter. Known for his skill as a pleader, Glynn was engaged in many celebrated cases. Elected to Parliament for Middlesex in 1768, Glynn served in Parliament until his death. In 1772, he was elected Recorder of London. Glynn's speeches in Parliament were highly praised. Glynn County, Georgia was named after John Glynn in recognition for his support for the cause of American independence in Parliament. Early life The second son of William Glynn of Glynn House in Cardinham, Cor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Davy (lawyer)
William Davy SL (died 1780) was an English barrister during the 18th century. Known as "Bull" Davy, he was noted as quick-witted, with a ready sense of humour, but, according to one author, relatively unscrupulous. According to Humphry William Woolrych, he was originally either a grocer or a pharmacist before being declared bankrupt and learning the doctrines around ''nisi prius'', for which much study was not required. He was admitted to the Inner Temple on 16 October 1741. Early in his career was responsible for prosecuting Elizabeth Canning. Davy became a Serjeant-at-Law on 11 February 1754, and soon after became involved in prosecutions under the Black Act. In 1762 he became King's Serjeant, then the highest accolade for a barrister. Davy argued that "the air (of England) is too pure for a slave to breathe in" when he represented James Somerset, an escaped African slave come from Boston whose London godparents had sued for a writ of ''Habeas Corpus'', in ''Somerset v Ste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Mansfield
Sir James Mansfield, (originally Manfield; 10 May 1734 – 23 November 1821) was a British lawyer, judge and politician. He was twice Solicitor General for England and Wales, Solicitor General and served as Chief Justice of the Common Pleas from 1799 to 1814. Early life and career The son of a Hampshire attorney, Mansfield's private life was kept somewhat guarded. His father John James changed the family name from Manfield to Mansfield. James married Grace in 1765 at St Margaret's Westminster, fathered six children (only one of whom is believed to have survived into adulthood), but also had another five children by another partner. One of these five was John Mansfield of Diggeswell, father of General William Mansfield, 1st Baron Sandhurst. Mansfield attended Eton College, Eton from 1745 until 1750, and then King's College, Cambridge, of which he was elected a fellow in 1754. He graduated with a BA in 1755 and an Master of Arts (Oxbridge), MA in 1758. Mansfield pursued a care ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
