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Solidarity Lending
Solidarity lending is a lending practice where small groups borrow collectively and group members encourage one another to repay. It is an important building block of microfinance. Operations Solidarity lending takes place through 'solidarity groups'. These groups are a distinctive banking distribution channel used primarily to deliver microcredit to poor people. Solidarity lending lowers the costs to a financial institution related to assessing, managing and collecting loans, and can eliminate the need for collateral. Since there is a fixed cost associated with each loan delivered, a bank that bundles individual loans together and permits a group to manage individual relationships can realize substantial savings in administrative and management costs. In many developing countries the legal system offers little, if any support for the property rights of poor people. Laws related to secured transactions – a cornerstone of Western banking – may also be absent or unenfor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BRAC Villageorg 1
BRAC may stand for: Military * Base Realignment and Closure for U.S. military bases * 1988 Base Realignment and Closure Commission * 1991 Base Realignment and Closure Commission * 1993 Base Realignment and Closure Commission * 1995 Base Realignment and Closure Commission * 2005 Base Realignment and Closure Commission Organizations * BRAC (organisation), an international development organization in Bangladesh * Brotherhood of Railway and Airline Clerks, a labor union known as the Transportation Communications International Union * Bureau for the Repression of Communist Activities, Cuban secret police agency * Building Regulations Advisory Committee, of UK government Other * BRAC Bank Limited, a private commercial bank in Bangladesh * BRAC University, in Bangladesh * Basic rest-activity cycles of the brain * Binding and Retrieval in Action Control, a theoretical framework to explain basic psychological functions * Breath Alcohol Content (BrAC), a measure of alcohol intoxicat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Comilla Model
The Comilla Model was a rural development programme launched in 1959 by the East Pakistan Academy for Rural Development. The academy, which is located on the outskirts of Comilla town, was founded by Akhter Hameed Khan, the cooperative pioneer who was responsible for developing and launching the programme. While the results of the model ultimately frustrated Khan's ambitions, it has important implications for rural community development, particularly cooperative microfinance and microcredit. Origins and purpose The Comilla Model was Khan's reply to the failure of ''Village Agricultural and Industrial Development'' (V-AID) programme, launched in 1953 with technical assistance from the US government. The V-AID was a governmental level attempt to promote citizens participation in the sphere of rural development. Khan argued that for Comilla to develop rapidly, the farmers in its villages must be able to rapidly expand their production and sales. The main constraint they faced w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Costa Rica
Costa Rica, officially the Republic of Costa Rica, is a country in Central America. It borders Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the northeast, Panama to the southeast, and the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, as well as Maritime boundary, maritime border with Ecuador to the south of Cocos Island. It has a population of around five million in a land area of nearly . An estimated people live in the capital and largest city, San José, Costa Rica, San José, with around two million people in the surrounding metropolitan area. The sovereign state is a Presidential system, presidential republic. It has a long-standing and stable Constitution of Costa Rica, constitutional democracy and a highly educated workforce. The country spends roughly 6.9% of its budget (2016) on education, compared to a global average of 4.4%. Its economy, once heavily dependent on agriculture, has diversified to include sectors such as finance, corporate services for foreign companies, pharmaceut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gross National Income
The gross national income (GNI), previously known as gross national product (GNP), is the total amount of factor incomes earned by the residents of a country. It is equal to gross domestic product (GDP), plus factor incomes received from non-resident by residents, minus factor income paid by residents to non-resident. In contrast to GDP, GNI is not a concept of value added, but a concept of income. GNI is the basis of calculation of the largest part of contributions to the Budget of the European Union. In February 2017, Ireland's GDP became so distorted from the base erosion and profit shifting ("BEPS") tax planning tools of U.S. multinationals, that the Central Bank of Ireland replaced Irish GDP with a new metric, Irish Modified GNI (or "GNI*"). In 2017, Irish GDP was 162% of Irish Modified GNI. GNI contrast with net national income : NNI = GNI - Depreciation The Atlas method can be applied to correct for fluctuating exchange rates. History and name change Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BRAC (NGO)
BRAC is an international development International organization, organisation based in Bangladesh. In order to receive foreign donations, BRAC was subsequently registered under the NGO Affairs Bureau, NGO Affairs Bureau of the Government of Bangladesh. BRAC is the largest Non-governmental organisation, non-governmental development organisation in the world, in terms of the number of employees, as of September 2016. Established by Fazle Hasan Abed, Sir Fazle Hasan Abed in 1972 after the independence of Bangladesh, BRAC is present in all 64 districts of Bangladesh as well as 16 other countries in Asia, Africa, and the Americas. BRAC states that it employs over 90,000 people, roughly 70 percent of whom are women, and that it reaches more than 126 million people with its services. BRAC has operations in 12 countries. History Known formerly as the Bangladesh Rehabilitation Assistance Committee, then as the Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee, and later as Building Resources Acr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
FINCA
''Finca'' () is a Spanish term for estate. In English usage, it refers to a piece of rural or agricultural land, typically with a cottage, farmhouse or estate building present, and often adjacent to a woodland or plantation. Overview Especially in tourism, the term has recently gained the colloquial meaning of a holiday home in a rural setting, situated on the Spanish mainland, the Balearics, and the Canary Islands, and throughout the countries of Spanish-speaking Latin America Latin America is the cultural region of the Americas where Romance languages are predominantly spoken, primarily Spanish language, Spanish and Portuguese language, Portuguese. Latin America is defined according to cultural identity, not geogr .... Fincas can typically look back on an extensive development history, and are often older than 300 years. In some regions, however, especially on the Balearics, new buildings are erected. References External links Real estate in Spain Country e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Accion International
Accion is an international nonprofit. Founded as a community development initiative serving the poor in Venezuela, it works with local partners in different countries to develop and scale digital financial solutions for underserved people globally. To date, it has more than 235 financial service providers operating across 75 countries. Accion is headquartered in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and also has offices in Washington, D.C.; Bogotá, Colombia; Mumbai, India; and Beijing, China. Accion works across Latin America and the Caribbean, Africa, the Middle East and Asia. In the U.S., Accion operates a nationwide nonprofit lending network. Background and history 2010–present In 2009 and 2010, Accion helped to start microfinance institutions in underserved areas of Inner Mongolia, Cameroon, and Brazil. In December 2009, Accion inaugurated Accion Microfinance China (AMC) in Chifeng Prefecture, Inner Mongolia; this microfinance institution represented the first wholly owned foreig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bank Rakyat Indonesia
PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk ( "Indonesian People's Bank"), commonly known as Bank BRI or just BRI, is one of the largest banks in Indonesia. It specialises in small scale and microfinance style borrowing from and lending to its approximately 30 million retail clients through its over 8,600 branches, units and rural service posts. It also has a comparatively small, but growing, corporate business. As of 2022, it is the second largest bank in Indonesia by asset. BRI is the oldest bank in Indonesia, tracing back since 1895. It is currently 53% government owned operating company (Persero) and has been government-owned for the entire period since the war of independence (1945 to 1949) to November 2003, when 30% of its shares were sold through an IPO. History BRI was founded in 1895, during the Dutch colonial period as ''De Poerwokertosche Hulp en Spaarbank der Inlandsche Hoofden'' (Help and Savings Bank for Purwokerto's Aristocrats) by Raden Bei Aria Wirjaatmadja ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SEWA
Sewa or SEWA may refer to: * Sêwa, a feminine name in Kurdish language taken from Sêw which means apple. * Sêwa or Sewu, Tibet, a village in Tibet * Self-Employed Women's Association of India, a trade union in India * Sewa, volunteer work offered to God (in Indian religions) * ''Sewa'' (film), a 1942 Bollywood film * ''Sewa'' (moth), a moth genus * Sewa River, a river in Sierra Leone * SEWA (Sharjah Electricity and Water Authority) People with the surname * Manga Sewa (died 1884), Yalunka chief from Sierra Leone * Ssewa Ssewa (born 1987), Ugandan musician See also * Seva (other) Seva may refer to: * Seva (Indian religions), volunteer work offered to God (in Indian religions) * Seva (Puerto Rico), a fictional town described in the novel ''Seva'' by Luis López Nieves * "Seva" (short story), by Puerto Rican author Luis L� ... * Sewak (other) * Sevak (other) {{disambiguation, surname ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joint Liability
Where two or more persons are liable in respect of the same liability, in most common law legal systems they may either be: * severally liable, or * jointly liable, or * jointly and severally liable. Several liability In several or proportionate liability, parties are liable only for their own obligations. : ''Example: AnyBank and AnotherBank join as a syndicate to lend to Credit-Hungry Industries, Inc. The agreement provides that each bank is severally liable for its own part of the loan. AnyBank fails to advance its agreed part of the loan: Credit-Hungry can sue only AnyBank, and AnotherBank has no liability.'' Joint liability If parties have joint liability, each of them is liable up to the full amount of the relevant obligation. : ''Example: Alex and Bobbie are married. Together they take a loan from a bank and the loan agreement specifies that they are to be jointly liable for the full amount. Alex moves overseas and ceases to make payments. The bank is entitled to sue Bob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bangladesh
Bangladesh, officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by population, eighth-most populous country in the world and among the List of countries and dependencies by population density, most densely populated with a population of over 171 million within an area of . Bangladesh shares land borders with India to the north, west, and east, and Myanmar to the southeast. It has a coastline along the Bay of Bengal to its south and is separated from Bhutan and Nepal by the Siliguri Corridor, and from China by the List of Indian states, Indian state of Sikkim to its north. Dhaka, the capital and list of cities and towns in Bangladesh, largest city, is the nation's political, financial, and cultural centre. Chittagong is the second-largest city and the busiest port of the country. The territory of modern Bangladesh was a stronghold of many List of Buddhist kingdoms and empires, Buddhist and List of Hindu empir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
