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Social Sculpture
Social sculpture is a phrase used to describe an expanded concept of art that was invented by the artist and founding member of the German Green Party, Joseph Beuys. Beuys created the term "social sculpture" to embody his understanding of art's potential to transform society. As a work of art, a social sculpture includes human activity that strives to structure and shape society or the environment. The central idea of a social sculptor is an artist who creates structures in society using language, thoughts, actions, and objects. Concept During the 1960s, Beuys formulated his central theoretical concepts concerning the social, cultural and political function and potential of art. Indebted to Romantic writers such as Novalis and Schiller, Beuys was motivated by a utopian belief in the power of universal human creativity and was confident in the potential for art to bring about revolutionary change. These ideas were founded in the social ideas of anthroposophy and the work of Rudo ...
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German Green Party
Alliance 90/The Greens (, ), often simply referred to as Greens (, ), is a green political party in Germany. It was formed in 1993 by the merger of the Greens (formed in West Germany in 1980) and Alliance 90 (formed in East Germany in 1990). The Greens had itself merged with the East German Green Party after German reunification in 1990. Since November 2024, Franziska Brantner and Felix Banaszak have been co-leaders of the party. It currently holds 85 of the 630 seats in the Bundestag, having won 11% of first votes and 11.6% of second votes cast in the 2025 federal election, putting it in fourth place of the seven political parties by number of seats. Its parliamentary co-leaders are Britta Haßelmann and Katharina Dröge. The Greens have been part of the federal government twice: first as a junior partner to the Social Democrats (SPD) from 1998 to 2005, and then with the SPD and the Free Democratic Party (FDP) in the traffic light coalition from the 2021 election until ...
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Contemporary Art
Contemporary art is a term used to describe the art of today, generally referring to art produced from the 1970s onwards. Contemporary artists work in a globally influenced, culturally diverse, and technologically advancing world. Their art is a dynamic combination of Medium (arts), materials, methods, concepts, and subjects that continue the challenging of boundaries that was already well underway in the 20th century. Diverse and eclectic, contemporary art as a whole is distinguished by the very lack of a uniform, organising principle, ideology, or "-ism". Contemporary art is part of a cultural dialogue that concerns larger contextual frameworks such as personal and cultural identity, family, community, and nationality. In English, ''modern'' and ''contemporary'' are synonyms, resulting in some conflation and confusion of the terms ''modern art'' and ''contemporary art'' by non-specialists. Some specialists also consider that the frontier between the two is blurry; for instance, ...
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Ubuweb
UbuWeb is a "a pirate shadow library consisting of hundreds of thousands of freely downloadable avant-garde artifacts." It offers visual, concrete and sound poetry, expanding to include film and sound art mp3 archives. The site was created by poet Kenneth Goldsmith in 1996 to provides web-based educational resources to "a substantial user base." In the book ''Duchamp is my Lawyer: The Polemics, Pragmatics, and Poetics of UbuWeb,'' Goldsmith notes that "it’s hard to say exactly who these users are since we don’t keep tabs on them." In January 2024, UbuWeb announced it was no longer active, posting: "As of 2024, UbuWeb is no longer active. The archive is preserved for perpetuity, in its entirety.". In February 2025 the site resumed its activities, citing the "political changes in America and elsewhere around the world" as a reason to be active again. Philosophy UbuWeb was founded in response to the marginal distribution of crucial avant-garde material. It remains non-commer ...
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Tellus Audio Cassette Magazine
''Tellus Audio Cassette Magazine'' was an audio cassette magazine publication on cassette active from 1983 to 1993. Originally intended as a subscription bimonthly, it was launched on the Lower East Side of Manhattan to create an avant-guard media focus on no wave, downtown music, performance art, experimental electronica, noise music, and audio art. Over the span of its activity, Tellus broadened its curatorial focus to include such diverse subjects as the contemporary music of China, Just Intonation, Fluxus, Tango, and Paul Bowles. History Tellus publishers and executive editors – visual artist and noise music composer Joseph Nechvatal; former curator-director of the Institute of Contemporary Art, Philadelphia and curator-director of The Jewish Museum, Claudia Gould; and new music composer and director of Harvestworks, Carol Parkinson – conceived of the compact cassette medium as a no wave Fluxus-inspired media art form in itself. Nechvatal and Parkinson had ...
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Distributed Art Publishers
D.A.P./Distributed Art Publishers, Inc. is an American company that distributes and publishes books on art, photography, design, and visual culture.
ARTBOOK website, March 10, 2011.


Founding

D.A.P./Distributed Art Publishers was founded in New York in 1990 (and incorporated in 1992) by Sharon Helgason Gallagher (B.A., Yale University; M.A. Columbia University), who had previously worked as rights director and managing editor at . It started out as a partnership between Gallagher and Daniel Power, with an office supplied by
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Systems Art
Systems art is art influenced by cybernetics and systems theory, reflecting on natural systems, social systems, and the social signs of the art world itself. Systems art emerged as part of the first wave of the conceptual art movement in the 1960s and 1970s. Closely related and overlapping terms include ''anti-form movement'', ''cybernetic art'', ''generative systems'', ''process art'', ''systems aesthetic'', ''systemic art'', ''systemic painting'', and ''systems sculpture''. Related fields of systems art Anti-form movement By the early 1960s, minimalism had emerged as an abstract movement in art, with roots in geometric abstraction via Kazimir Malevich, Malevich, the Bauhaus, and Piet Mondrian, Mondrian. This movement rejected the ideas of relational and subjective painting, the complexity of abstract expressionist surfaces, and the emotional zeitgeist and polemics present in action painting. Minimalism argued that extreme simplicity could capture all of the sublime repres ...
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Social Threefolding
Social threefolding is a social theory which originated in the early 20th century from the work of Rudolf Steiner. Of central importance is a distinction made between three spheres of society – the political, economic, and cultural. The idea is that when economy, culture, and polity are relatively independent of one another, they check, balance, and correct one another and thus lead to greater social health and progress. This is not to be confused with laissez-faire economics. Steiner was concerned rather that businesses should not be able to buy favorable laws and regulations, and that governments should regulate the economy and protections for workers impartially and not be corrupted by participating in business. "A sphere of life calls forth interests arising only within that sphere. Out of the economic sphere one can develop only economic interests. If one is called out of this sphere to produce legal judgements as well, then these will merely be economic interests in disgu ...
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Installation Art
Installation art is an artistic genre of three-dimensional works that are often site-specific art, site-specific and designed to transform the perception of a space. Generally, the term is applied to interior spaces, whereas exterior interventions are often called public art, land art or art intervention; however, the boundaries between these terms overlap. History Installation art can be either temporary or permanent. Installation artworks have been constructed in exhibition spaces such as museums and galleries, as well as public and private spaces. The genre incorporates a broad range of everyday and natural materials, which are often chosen for their ":wikt:evocative, evocative" qualities, as well as new media such as video, sound, performance, immersive virtual reality and the internet. Many installations are Site-Specific Art, site-specific in that they are designed to exist only in the space for which they were created, appealing to qualities evident in a Three-dimension ...
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Information Art
Information art, which is also known as informatism or data art, is an art form that is inspired by and principally incorporates data, computer science, information technology, artificial intelligence, and related data-driven fields. The information revolution has resulted in over-abundant data that are critical in a wide range of areas, from the Internet to healthcare systems. Related to conceptual art, electronic art and new media art, informatism considers this new technological, economical, and cultural paradigm shift, such that artworks may provide social commentaries, synthesize multiple disciplines, and develop new aesthetics. Realization of information art often take, although not necessarily, interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approaches incorporating visual, audio, data analysis, performance, and others. Furthermore, physical and virtual installations involving informatism often provide human-computer interaction that generate artistic contents based on the proces ...
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Experiments In Art And Technology
Experiments in Art and Technology (E.A.T.), a non-profit and tax-exempt organization, was established in 1967 to develop collaborations between artists and engineers. The group operated by facilitating person-to-person contacts between artists and engineers, rather than defining a formal process for cooperation. E.A.T. initiated and carried out projects that expanded the role of the artist in contemporary society and helped explore the separation of the individual from technological change. History E.A.T. was officially launched in 1967 by the engineers Billy Klüver and Fred Waldhauer and the artists Robert Rauschenberg and Robert Whitman. These people had previously collaborated in 1966 when they together organized '' 9 Evenings: Theatre and Engineering'', a series of performance art presentations that united artists and engineers. Ten New York artists worked with 30 engineers and scientists from the world-renowned Bell Telephone Laboratories to create groundbreaking performance ...
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