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Siege Of Valencia (1092–1094)
The siege of Valencia (1092–1094) or El Cid's conquest of Valencia was fought between the Kingdom of Castile and the Taifa of Valencia. The Castilian victory established the Lordship of Valencia. Background While El Cid (Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar) was away from Valencia in October 1092, the Valencians had gathered at the house of Ibn Jahhaf and agreed to appeal to Muhammad ibn Aisa to depose Yahya al-Qadir, sending the troops under Ibn Nasr, but Al-Qadir entrenched himself and sent an urgent message to El Cid. When Ibn Nasr arrived, he was received by Ibn Jahhaf and the Christians of the city fled. Al-Qadir left the palace disguised as a woman and took refuge in a poor house. When he was found, he was sentenced to death. On October 29, 1092, Ibn Jahhaf proclaimed himself governor of Valencia. When El Cid and his troops returned, Ibn Jahhaf expelled Ibn Nasr's contingents and agreed to pay tribute to El Cid, who made him ruler on the condition that he would not hand over the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reconquista
The ''Reconquista'' (Spanish language, Spanish and Portuguese language, Portuguese for ) or the fall of al-Andalus was a series of military and cultural campaigns that European Christian Reconquista#Northern Christian realms, kingdoms waged against the al-Andalus, Muslim kingdoms following the Muslim conquest of the Iberian Peninsula by the Umayyad Caliphate, culminating in the reign of the Catholic Monarchs of Spain. The beginning of the ''Reconquista'' is traditionally dated to the Battle of Covadonga ( or 722), in which an Kingdom of Asturias, Asturian army achieved the first Christian victory over the forces of the Umayyad Caliphate since the beginning of the military invasion. The ''Reconquista'' ended in 1492 with the Granada War#Last stand at Granada, fall of the Nasrid kingdom of Granada to the Catholic Monarchs of Spain, Catholic Monarchs. In the late 10th century, the Umayyad vizier Almanzor waged a series of military campaigns for 30 years in order to subjugate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Straits Of Gibraltar
The Strait of Gibraltar is a narrow strait that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea and separates Europe from Africa. The two continents are separated by 7.7 nautical miles (14.2 kilometers, 8.9 miles) at its narrowest point. Ferries cross between the two continents every day in as little as 35 minutes. The Strait's depth ranges between . The strait lies in the territorial waters of Morocco, Spain, and the British overseas territory of Gibraltar. Under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, foreign vessels and aircraft have the freedom of navigation and overflight to cross the strait of Gibraltar in case of continuous transit. Names and etymology The name comes from the Rock of Gibraltar, which in turn originates from the Arabic (meaning "Tariq's Mount"), named after Tariq ibn Ziyad. It is also known as the Straits of Gibraltar, the Gut of Gibraltar (although this is mostly archaic), the STROG (STRait Of Gibraltar) in naval use. Another Arab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1090s Conflicts
1 (one, unit, unity) is a number, numeral, and glyph. It is the first and smallest positive integer of the infinite sequence of natural numbers. This fundamental property has led to its unique uses in other fields, ranging from science to sports, where it commonly denotes the first, leading, or top thing in a group. 1 is the unit of counting or measurement, a determiner for singular nouns, and a gender-neutral pronoun. Historically, the representation of 1 evolved from ancient Sumerian and Babylonian symbols to the modern Arabic numeral. In mathematics, 1 is the multiplicative identity, meaning that any number multiplied by 1 equals the same number. 1 is by convention not considered a prime number. In digital technology, 1 represents the "on" state in binary code, the foundation of computing. Philosophically, 1 symbolizes the ultimate reality or source of existence in various traditions. In mathematics The number 1 is the first natural number after 0. Each natural number, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfonso VI Of León And Castile
Alfonso VI (1 July 1109), nicknamed the Brave (''El Bravo'') or the Valiant, was king of Kingdom of León, León (10651109), Kingdom of Galicia, Galicia (10711109), and Kingdom of Castile, Castile (10721109). After the conquest of Toledo, Spain, Toledo in 1085, Alfonso proclaimed himself (most victorious Kingdom of Toledo (Crown of Castile), king of Toledo, and of Spain and Galicia). This conquest, along with El Cid's taking of Taifa of Valencia, Valencia would greatly expand the territory and influence of the Leonese/Castilian realm, but also provoked an Almoravid invasion that Alfonso would spend the remainder of his reign resisting. The Leonese and Castilian armies suffered decisive defeats in the battles of Battle of Sagrajas, Sagrajas (1086), Battle of Consuegra, Consuegra (1097) and Battle of Uclés (1108), Uclés (1108), in the latter of which his only son and heir, Sancho Alfónsez, died, and Valencia was abandoned but Toledo remained part of an expanded realm that he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quart De Poblet
Quart de Poblet (; Spanish and unofficially: ' ),Toponym in Castilian as the Spanish Royal Academy: ''Spelling of Spanish.'' Madrid: Espasa, 1999. ; "Appendix 3, pages 133–155. or simply Quart (; ), is a municipality in the ''comarca'' of Horta Oest in the Valencian Community, Spain. It has 25,499 inhabitants (NSI 2009). Geography Located between the Valencian Horta Sud, the area surface is completely flat. The Túria river crosses the municipality by north and on the west runs the Rambla del Poio. The climate is Mediterranean, with rainfall in autumn and spring, the prevailing winds are west and east. Infrastructure and access road The main lines of traffic at west of the metropolitan area of Valencia ply the municipality of Quart of Poblet. Thus, both the town and the many industrial sites are connected by highway with other surrounding municipalities and large capacity roads. * The motorway A-3/E-901 Madrid–Valencia or ''eastern highway'', old N-III runs longi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muslims
Muslims () are people who adhere to Islam, a Monotheism, monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God in Abrahamic religions, God of Abraham (or ''Allah'') as it was revealed to Muhammad, the last Islamic prophet. Alongside the Quran, Muslims also believe in previous Islamic holy books, revelations, such as the Tawrat (Torah), the Zabur (Psalms), and the Injeel (Gospel). These earlier revelations are associated with Judaism and Christianity, which are regarded by Muslims as earlier versions of Islam. The majority of Muslims also follow the teachings and practices attributed to Muhammad (''sunnah'') as recorded in traditional accounts (hadith). With an estimated population of almost 2 billion followers, Muslims comprise around 26% of the world's total population. In descending order, the percentage of people who identify as Muslims on each ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taifa Of Albarracín
The Taifa of Albarracín () was a medieval Berber taifa kingdom. The polity existed from 1012 to 1104, and was centered at the city of Albarracín. It was led by the Berber dynasty of the Banu Razin tribe, which arrived in the peninsula after the conquest of Spain by Tariq ibn Ziyad. Downfall In 1167, under the pressure from the ongoing wars between the Almoravids and the new invasions by the Almohad Caliphate. The Moorish King Muhammad ibn Mardanis ceded the Taifa of Albarracín to a vassal of Sancho VI of Navarre, a noble from Estella-Lizarra named Pedro Ruiz de Azagra. The title was granted to d'Azagra due to his support of the Navarrese Crown against Alfonso VIII of Castile and Alfonso I of Aragón (Alfonso the Battler). In 1172, Pero Ruíz d'Azagra managed to consolidate his power over the Señorío making that territory independent of the other Christian kingdoms in the region. In 1190, with the signing of the Borja Accords, between Alfonso II of Aragon and Sancho VI o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taifa Of Alpuente
The taifas (from ''ṭā'ifa'', plural ''ṭawā'if'', meaning "party, band, faction") were the independent Muslim principalities and kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula (modern Portugal and Spain), referred to by Muslims as al-Andalus, that emerged from the decline and fall of the Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba between 1009 and 1031. They were a recurring feature of al-Andalus history. The ''taifas'' were eventually incorporated by the Almoravid dynasty in the late 11th century and, on its collapse, many ''taifas'' re-appeared only to be incorporated by the Almohad Caliphate. The fall of the Almohads resulted in a flourishing of the ''taifas'', and this was the case despite constant warfare with Christian kingdoms. Taifa kings were wary of calling themselves "kings", so they took the title of ''hajib'', presenting themselves as representatives for a temporarily absent caliph. The ''taifa'' courts were renowned centres of cultural excellence in which poets, scientists, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taifa Of Tortosa
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The Taifa of Tortosa () was a medieval Islamic taifa kingdom. It existed for two separate periods, from 1010 to 1060 and 1081 to 1099. It was founded by the Slavic warlord Labib al-Fata al-Saqlabi. List of Emirs Saqlabi (Servile Rulers) dynasty * Labib al-Fata al-Saqlabi (Valencia 1017–1019): c. 1009–bfr. 1039/40 * Muqatil Sayf al-Milla: bfr. 1039/40–1053/4 * Ya'la: 1053/4–1057/8 * Nabil: 1057/8–1060 ** To Zaragoza: 1060–1081 or 2/3 Huddid dynasty * Imad al-Dawla Mundhir: 1081 or 1082/3–1090 * Sulayman Sayyid: 1090–c.1115 ** To Morocco: c.1115–1148 See also * List of Sunni Muslim dynasties 1099 disestablishments States and territories established in 1010 Tortosa Tortosa (, ) is the capital of the '' comarca'' of Baix Ebre, in Catalonia, Spain. Tortosa is located at above sea level, by the Ebro river, protected on its northern side by the mountains of the Cardó Massif, of which Buinaca, one of the hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taifa Of Lérida
The Taifa of Lérida () was a factional kingdom (''ṭāʾifa'') in Muslim Iberia between 1039/1046 and 1102/1110. Based on the city of Lérida (Catalan ''Lleida'', Arabic ''Lārida''), the ''ṭāʾifa'' was not an independent state throughout this period but was sometimes a part of the larger ''ṭāʾifa'' of Zaragoza ruled by a governor ('' wālī''). Under the late Córdoban caliphate, Lérida was ruled by ''wālī''s of the Banū Tujīb. In 1039, it was taken from them, along with Zaragoza, by al-Mustaʿīn of the Banū Hūd. At some point prior to his death in 1046, al-Mustaʿīn placed his younger son, Yūsuf ibn Sulaymān ibn Hūd al-Muẓaffar, in charge of Lérida, while in 1046 the elder son, Aḥmad al-Muḳtadir, inherited Zaragoza. From 1045, Count Ramon Berenguer I of Barcelona forced the brothers to pay tribute (''parias'') in return for his not attacking them. In 1064, the brothers had a falling-out over the loss of Barbastro to an international Christia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taifa Of Granada
The Taifa of Granada (, ) or Zirid Kingdom of Granada was a Muslim kingdom that was formed in al-Andalus (in present-day Spain) in 1013 following the deposition of Umayyad Caliph Hisham II in 1009. The kingdom was centered on Granada, its capital, and it also extended its control to Málaga for a period. Four kings succeeded each other during its nearly 80 years of existence, all of them belonging to an offshoot of the Zirid dynasty of North Africa, a Sanhaja Berber clan. The Taifa of Granada was considered to be the wealthiest out of all of the taifa kingdoms.The Art of Medieval Spain, A.D. 500-1200 Jerrilynn D. Dodds, Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.). Metropolitan Museum of Art. It wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
