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Siege Of Panhala (1660)
The siege of Panhala was led by Siddi Jauhar on behalf of the Bijapur Sultanate, dispatched by Ali Adil Shah II to reclaim the Panhala Fort, was a momentous undertaking. Shivaji had seized Panhala on 28 November 1659, just 18 days after the death of Afzal Khan at Pratapgad. Despite the efforts of two of Bijapur Sultanate’s prominent commanders, Afzal Khan and Rustam Zaman, who had both failed in their attempts to capture Shivaji, victory eluded them. With Bijapur running short of options and facing the expanding influence of Shivaji, the responsibility of bringing this campaign to a conclusion fell on Siddi Jauhar. By taking on this pivotal role, Siddi Jauhar finally earned favor at the Bijapur court, leading to the restoration of the Kurnool district to him, and Shivaji had to surrender the Panhala fort. Background Sidi Jauhar's forces were constantly on edge, never knowing when Netaji Palkar and his cavalry would strike next. The siege of Panhala became a test of endurance f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panhala
Panhala (Pronunciation: Help:IPA/Marathi, [pənʱaːɭa]) is a city and a Hill station Municipal Council (3177 feet above sea level) 18 km northwest of Kolhapur, in Kolhapur district in the Indian States and territories of India, state of Maharashtra. Panhala is the smallest city in Maharashtra and being a Municipal Council the city is developing rapidly. The city sprawls in the Panhala fort commands a panoramic view of the valley below. The main historical attraction here is the Panhala fort. There are many places of interest, each with its share of haunting anecdotes. History The history of Panhala is closely linked with the history of the Maratha empire, and with its founder, Chhatrapati, Chatrapati (King) Shivaji Raje. Panhala is the only fort where Shivaji spent more than 500 days, other than his childhood homes. It was Maratha State capital until 1782. In 1827 it became part of the British Empire. This imposing fort, 20 km northwest of Kolhapur, is built on an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rustam Zaman
Rustam Zaman was the title of a Bijapuri general who commanded Adil Shah's 10,000-strong army in the Battle of Kolhapur against Shivaji's forces. Rustam had participated in many wars against the Marathas and their leader Shivaji. One of those battles were Siege of Panhala (1660), Battle of Pavan Khind, Battle of Kolhapur and many more.He also was the son of Ranadulla Khan (who also held the title ''Rustam-i-Zaman''), an experienced and senior general of Bijapur and the chief mentor and guardian of Shahaji. He participated in the war against the Marathas under Afzal Khan. He was routed but he was allowed to go back to Bijapur by Nur Khan Beg and Tanaji Malusare, military commanders of Shivaji. He led the 10,000-strong Bijapuri army against the 3500 light cavalry of Marathas at Kolhapur. Due to the superior use of flanks by Shivaji, the Marathas won the battle and Rustam Zaman and Fazal Khan fled to Bijapur. It is said that in this battle shivaji used same tactics which Babu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sieges Involving The Maratha Empire
A siege () . is a military blockade of a city, or fortress, with the intent of conquering by attrition, or by well-prepared assault. Siege warfare (also called siegecrafts or poliorcetics) is a form of constant, low-intensity conflict characterized by one party holding a strong, static, defensive position. Consequently, an opportunity for negotiation between combatants is common, as proximity and fluctuating advantage can encourage diplomacy. A siege occurs when an attacker encounters a city or fortress that cannot be easily taken by a quick assault, and which refuses to surrender. Sieges involve surrounding the target to block provision of supplies and reinforcement or escape of troops (a tactic known as "investment"). This is typically coupled with attempts to reduce the fortifications by means of siege engines, artillery bombardment, mining (also known as sapping), or the use of deception or treachery to bypass defenses. Failing a military outcome, sieges can often be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marathas
The Maratha Empire, also referred to as the Maratha Confederacy, was an early modern India, early modern polity in the Indian subcontinent. It comprised the realms of the Peshwa and four major independent List of Maratha dynasties and states, Maratha states under the nominal leadership of the former. The Marathas were a Marathi language, Marathi-speaking peasantry group from the western Deccan Plateau (present-day Maharashtra) that rose to prominence under leadership of Shivaji (17th century), who revolted against the Bijapur Sultanate and the Mughal Empire for establishing "Hindavi Swarajya" (). The religious attitude of Aurangzeb, Emperor Aurangzeb estranged Kafir, non-Muslims, and the Deccan wars, Maratha insurgency came at a great cost for his men and treasury. The Maratha government also included warriors, administrators, and other nobles from other Marathi people, Marathi groups. Shivaji's monarchy, referred to as the Maratha Kingdom, expanded into a large realm in the 18th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panhala Fort
Panhala fort (also known as Panhalgad and Panhalla ( literally "the home of serpents")), is located in Panhala, 20 kilometres northwest of Kolhapur in Maharashtra, India. It is strategically located looking over a pass in the Sahyadri mountain range which was a major trade route from Bijapur in the interior of Maharashtra to the coastal areas. Due to its strategic location, it was the centre of several skirmishes in the Deccan involving the Marathas, the Mughals and the British the grand son's of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj East India Company, the most notable being the Battle of Pavan Khind. Here, the queen regent of Kolhapur, Tarabai Ranisaheb, spent her formative years. Several parts of the fort and the structures within are still intact. It is also called as the 'Fort of Snakes' as it is zigzagged in shape. History Panahala fort was built between 1178 and 1209 CE, one of 15 forts (others including Bavda, Bhudargad, Satara, and Vishalgad) built by the Shilahara rul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Pratapgarh
The Battle of Pratapgad took place on 10 November 1659, at Pratapgarh Fort in Satara. The battle was fought between the Maratha forces led by Shivaji Raje Bhosale and the Bijapur troops under General Afzal Khan. The Marathas emerged victorious, marking their first significant military triumph against a major regional power. In the aftermath of this victory Shivaji captured 65 elephants, 4000 horses, 1200 camels and 10 Lakh rupees of cash and jewellery. Appointment of Afzal Khan against Shivaji In response to Shivaji's incursions and fort captures in the Konkan region, Ali Adil shah, ruler of the Sultanate of Bijapur, appointed Afzal Khan with 10,000 horsemen to confront him. The official history of Ali Adil shah's reign, the Tarikh-e-Ali, suggests that Ali Adilshah ordered Afzal Khan to eliminate Shivaji, viewing him as a threat to Islam. Although some sources suggest that the intention was to capture Shivaji alive, the Tarikh-e-Ali remains the most reliable account. D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Netaji Palkar
Netoji Palkar (also ''Netaji Palkar'', , 1620–1681) was the 2nd Senapati of the Maratha Army under the leadership of Chhatrapati Shivaji, the visionary founder of the Maratha empire. He was also known as ''Prati-Shivaji'' for embodying the ideals of Shivaji. Background Netoji Palkar was born in the small village of Chouk in Khalapur into a Marathi Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu family. Netoji's father was a Jagirdar under the Sultanate of Bijapur. Military Career Netoji was appointed as Senapati in 1657, following the demise of Mankoji Dahatonde. Throughout the period of Shivaji's ascendancy from 1645 to 1665, Netaji was entrusted with the leadership of numerous expeditions, all of which he executed with remarkable success. His most notable achievement was the campaign against the Adilshah of the Bijapur Sultanate, which ensued after the assassination of Afzal Khan. His reputation among the local populace was so profound that he earned the moniker "Prati Shivaji," signify ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurnool
Kurnool is a city in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. It formerly served as the capital of Andhra State (1953–1956). The city is often referred to as "The Gateway of Rayalaseema". Kurnool is also famous for Diamond hunting as diamonds can be found in the barren land of Kurnool after the top layers of soil are washed away by the monsoon rains. It also serves as the district headquarters of its Kurnool district. census, it is the fifth most populous city in the state with a population of 425,214. It is located on the banks of the Tungabhadra river. Although the area has been inhabited for thousands of years, modern Kurnool was founded in the 16th century CE with the construction of the Konda Reddy Fort. Etymology The original name of Kurnool is found in historical records as ''Kandanavōlu'' or ''Kandanōlu''. It used to be a crossing on the Tungabhadra River, where the bullock cart caravans are believed to have greased their wheels ("''kandana''" being a reference ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bijapur
Bijapur (officially Vijayapura) is the district headquarters of Bijapur district of the Karnataka state of India. It is also the headquarters for Bijapur Taluk. Bijapur city is well known for its historical monuments of architectural importance built during the rule of the Adil Shahi dynasty. It is also well known for the popular Karnataka premier league team, the Bijapur Bulls. Bijapur is located northwest of the state capital Bangalore and about from Mumbai and north east of the city of Belgaum. The city was established in the 10th–11th centuries during the time of Kalyani Chalukyas and was known as ''Vijayapura'' (city of victory). The city was passed to Yadavas after Chalukya's demise. In 1347, the area was conquered by the Bahmani Sultanate. After the split of the Bahmani Sultanate, the Bijapur Sultanate ruled from the city. Relics of the Sultanates' rule can be found in the city, including the Bijapur Fort, Bara Kaman, Jama Masjid, and Gol Gumbaz. Bijapur, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pratapgad
Pratapgad is a mountain fort located in Satara district, in the Western Indian state of Maharashtra. The fort is situated 24 kilometres from the Mahabaleshwar hill station. The fort is now a popular tourist destination. The fort's historical significance is due to the Battle of Pratapgad, which took place here on 10 November 1659, between Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj and Bijapur Sultanate general Afzal Khan. The fort was constructed on a hilltop, about 1,080 meters above sea level, offering stunning views of the surrounding landscapes. There are two main entrances to the fort, and the fort's gates are protected by high walls.It is divided into two parts – the lower fort and the upper fort. At present, the lower fort houses the main entrance, while the upper fort contains temples, a modern statue of Shivaji Maharaj, and several buildings. The fort has several watch towers and bastion for providing strategic military advantages during its time of use. The Big Story The Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pavangad
The Kolhapur District of Maharashtra is half a mile towards the east of Panhala fort from which it is separated by a ravine. The chief defense of the fort is a scarped rock fifteen to twenty-five feet high. In most places the steepness of the rock has been increased by artificial scarping and it has been strengthened by a parapet wall of Kolhapur black stone fourteen feet high. In 1827, under Shahoji I (1821–1837), Pavangad and its neighboring fort Panhala Panhala (Pronunciation: Help:IPA/Marathi, ənʱaːɭa is a city and a Hill station Municipal Council (3177 feet above sea level) 18 km northwest of Kolhapur, in Kolhapur district in the Indian States and territories of India, state of M ... were given over to the British Raj. In 1844, during the minority of Shivaji IV (1837–1860), Panhala and Pavangad were taken by rebels who seized Colonel Ovans, the Resident of Satara, when he was on tour and imprisoned him in Panhala. A British force under General Delamotte was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Afzal Khan (general)
Afzal Khan (died 20 November 1659) was a general of the Adil Shahi dynasty of Bijapur Sultanate of in Deccan Plateau, Deccan India. He played an important role in the southern expansion of the Bijapur Sultanate by subjugating the Nayaka dynasties, Nayaka chiefs who had taken control of the former Vijayanagara Empire, Vijayanagara territory. In 1659, the Bijapur government sent Afzal Khan to subjugate Shivaji, a former vassal who had rebelled against the Bijapur government. He was killed at a truce negotiation meeting with Shivaji, and his army was defeated at the Battle of Pratapgad. Victory over the Nayakas Amid the decline of the Vijayanagara Empire, the Bijapur government campaigned against the Nayaka dynasties, Nayaka chiefs who had taken control of the former Vijayanagara territory. One of these chiefs was Virabhadra, the Nayakas of Keladi, Nayaka of Ikkeri. Kenge Nayaka (or Keng Nayak), the chief of Basavapattana and a discontented tributary of Virabhadra, helped the B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
