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Shö Language
Shö is a Kuki-Chin language dialect cluster of Burma and Bangladesh. There are perhaps three distinct dialects, Asho (Khyang), Chinbon, and Shendu. Mayin and Longpaw are not mutually intelligible, but have been subsumed under the ISO code for Chinbon because Mayin-Longpaw speakers generally understand Chinbon. Minkya is similarly included because most Minkya speakers understand Mayin. A written script was developed by Rev. Lyman Stilson in 1842. Geographical distribution Chinbon (Uppu) is spoken in the following townships of Myanmar. *Chin State: Kanpetlet and Paletwa townships *Magway Region: Saw and Sidoktaya townships *Rakhine State: Minbya township Asho is spoken in Ayeyarwady Region, Bago Region, and Magway Region, and Rakhine State, Myanmar. VanBik (2009:38) lists the following Asho dialects. *Settu (spoken from Sittwe to Thandwe — mostly Sittwe to Ann) *Laitu (spoken in Sidoktaya Township) *Awttu (spoken in Mindon Township) *Kowntu (spoken in Ngaphe, Minhla, ...
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Asho Chin People
The Asho people () are one of the tribes of the Chin peoples. Also known as the Plains Chin (မြေပြန့်ချင်း), the Asho Chin live in the lowland plains of southwestern Myanmar spanning the lower Irrawaddy River basin and the southern parts of the Arakan Mountains, unlike other Chin peoples, who occupy the country's highlands. The total population of the Asho people are around 400,000.Mindat Bonein: History of Chin Hills. Rangoon. Sapay Beihman. 1976. p. 11. History The Asho believe their ancestors first settled the areas west of the confluence of the Ayeyarwady and Chindwin Rivers. During the Pagan kingdom, they moved eastward, intermingling wih Burmese speakers, and living in close proximity with the Khami for two centuries before separating into two subgroups. The Asho were the first Chin peoples that Burmese speakers made contact with; their word for person "khlaung" was broadly adopted as the Burmese exonym for the Chin peoples. Their ethnonym is A ...
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Bago Region
Bago Region (, ; formerly Pegu Division and Bago Division) is an administrative divisions of Myanmar, administrative region of Myanmar, located in the southern central part of the country. It is bordered by Magway Region and Mandalay Region to the north; Kayin State, Mon State and the Gulf of Martaban to the east; Yangon Region to the south and Ayeyarwady Region and Rakhine State to the west. It is located between 46°45'N and 19°20'N and 94°35'E and 97°10'E. It has a population of 4,867,373 (2014). History According to legend, two Mon people, Mon princes from Thaton founded the city of Bago in 573 AD. They saw a female Hamsa (bird), Hamsa standing on the back of a male Hamsa on an island in a huge lake. Believing this was an auspicious omen, the princes built a city called Hanthawady (Pāli, Pali: ) on the edge of the lake. The Persian Empire, Persian geographer Ibn Khordadbeh mentions the city around 850 AD. The Mon capital was still in Thaton at that time. The Thiruvalang ...
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Labial Consonant
Labial consonants are consonants in which one or both lips are the active articulator. The two common labial articulations are bilabials, articulated using both lips, and labiodentals, articulated with the lower lip against the upper teeth, both of which are present in English. A third labial articulation is dentolabials, articulated with the upper lip against the lower teeth (the reverse of labiodental), normally only found in pathological speech. Generally precluded are linguolabials, in which the tip of the tongue contacts the posterior side of the upper lip, making them coronals, though sometimes, they behave as labial consonants. The most common distribution between bilabials and labiodentals is the English one, in which the nasal and the stops, , , and , are bilabial and the fricatives, , and , are labiodental. The voiceless bilabial fricative, voiced bilabial fricative, and the bilabial approximant do not exist as the primary realizations of any sounds in E ...
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Mizoram
Mizoram is a states and union territories of India, state in northeastern India, with Aizawl as its Capital city, capital and largest city. It shares 722-kilometres (449 miles) of international borders with Bangladesh to the west, and Myanmar to the east and south, with domestic borders with the Indian states of Assam, Manipur, and Tripura. It covers an area of 21,087 square kilometres (8,139 sq mi). 91% of the area is covered by forests, making it Forest cover by state in India, the most heavily forested state in India. With an estimated population of 1.25 million in 2023, it is the List of states in India by past population, second least populated state in India. With an urbanisation rate of 51.5% it is the Urbanization in India, most urbanised state in northeast India, ranking fifth in urbanisation nationwide. One of the two official languages and most widely spoken tongue is Mizo language, Mizo, which serves as a lingua franca among various ethnic communities who speak a var ...
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Kyaukphyu
Kyaukphyu ( ; also spelt Kyaukpyu) is a major town in Rakhine State, in western Myanmar and it is informally addressed to be the second capital of Rakhine State.It is located on the north western corner of Yanbye Island on Combermere Bay, and is north-west of Yangon. It is the principal town of Kyaukphyu Township and Kyaukphyu District. The town is situated on a superb natural harbor which connects the rice trade between Calcutta and Yangon. The estimated population in 1983 was 19,456. The population of Kyaukphyu's urban area is 20,866 as of 2014, while Kyaukphyu Township's population is 165,352. The town is home to several deep-water port projects, as well as the western end of the Sino-Myanmar pipelines the Kunming–Kyaukphyu Railway and natural gas pipelines. Etymology The name Kyaukphyu () is the Burmese pronunciation. In Rangbre and Arakanese, the town's name is pronounced "Kyaukphru." The old Kyaukphyu is situated from the present town where two colossal white ro ...
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Mandalay
Mandalay is the second-largest city in Myanmar, after Yangon. It is located on the east bank of the Irrawaddy River, 631 km (392 mi) north of Yangon. In 2014, the city had a population of 1,225,553. Mandalay was founded in 1857 by King Mindon Min, Mindon, replacing Amarapura as the new royal capital of the Konbaung dynasty. It was Burma's final royal capital before the kingdom's Third Anglo-Burmese War, annexation by the British Empire in 1885. Under British rule, Mandalay remained commercially and culturally important despite the rise of Yangon, the new capital of British Burma. The city suffered extensive destruction during the Japanese conquest of Burma in the World War II, Second World War. In 1948, Mandalay became part of the newly independent Union of Burma. Today, Mandalay is the economic centre of Upper Myanmar and considered the centre of Burmese culture. A continuing influx of irregular Overseas Chinese, Chinese immigrants, mostly from Yunnan, since the late ...
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Pegu
Bago (formerly spelled Pegu; , ), formerly known as Hanthawaddy, is a city and the capital of the Bago Region in Myanmar. It is located north-east of Yangon. Etymology The Burmese name Bago (ပဲခူး) is likely derived from the Mon language place name Bagaw (, ). Until the Burmese government renamed English place names throughout the country in 1989, Bago was known as Pegu. Bago was formerly known as Hanthawaddy (; ; ; lit. "she who possesses the sheldrake"), the name of a Burmese-Mon kingdom. An alternative etymology from the 1947 Burmese Encyclopedia derives Bago (ပဲခူး) from Wanpeku () as a shortening of Where the Hinthawan Ducks Graze (). This etymology relies on the non-phonetic Burmese spelling as its main reasoning. History Establishment Various Mon language chronicles report widely divergent foundation dates of Bago, ranging from 573 CE to 1152 CEA version of the 18th century chronicle '' Slapat Rajawan'' as reported by Arthur Phayre ...
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Minbu Township
Minbu Township () is a township of Minbu District in the Magway Region of Myanmar. The principal town is Minbu. The township is home to the Shwe Settaw Pagoda, which holds an annual pagoda festival from the fifth waning day of Tabodwe to the Burmese New Year, attracting 100,000 pilgrims nationwide. Geology Rocks belonging to the Pegu Group, dated to Paleogene and Neogene times, are well-exposed in the western part of Minbu Township, where they form the western margin of the Minbu Basin and the Prome Embayment. This margin extends from the western part of Pakokku District south through Minbu Township and then into Mindon Township to the south. The two main geological formations in the Pegu Group in this area are the Pyawbwe Formation and the Okhmintaung Formation. The Pyawbwe Formation, which is dated to Neogene times, makes up the upper layer. Below that is the Okhmintaung Formation, which is dated to Paleogene times. An unconformity (specifically a disconformity) separates ...
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Minhla Township, Magway
Minhla Township is a township of Thayet District in the Magway Region of Myanmar (Burma). The administrative seat of the township is Minhla. Geography Minhla Township has a total area of 2,371.4 km2. It is bordered to the north by the townships of Ngape and Minbu of Minbu District. It borders Rakhine State to the east. In the east, the township borders Magway Township of Magway Division. Within its own district, are its southern border townships of Mindon, Thayet, and Sinbaungwe. There are an estimated 153 villages. Minhla Township experiences relatively humid and hot weather, with temperatures reaching a high of 45°C to a low of 15°C. Demographics As of 2014, the town has 146,082 inhabitants. The township has an approximately equal population of males (50.1%) and females (49.9%). The average age is 29 years. Approximately 87.9 percent of the population are Buddhist, while a small percentage are Christian, Islam, Hindu, Animist, non-religious, or practices other faiths. ...
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Ngape Township
Ngape Township () is a township of Minbu District in the Magway Division Magway Region (, ; formerly Magway Division) is an administrative division in central Myanmar. It is the second largest of Myanmar's seven divisions, with an area of . Pa-de Dam (ပဒဲဆည်) is one of the dams in Aunglan Township, Magway ... of Myanmar. The principal town is Ngape. References Townships of Magway Region {{Magway-geo-stub ...
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Mindon Township
Mindon Township () is a township of Thayet District in the Magway Region Magway Region (, ; formerly Magway Division) is an administrative divisions of Myanmar, administrative division in central Myanmar. It is the second largest of Myanmar's seven divisions, with an area of . Pa-de Dam (ပဒဲဆည်) is one of ... of Burma (Myanmar). Its administrative seat is Mindon. Notes External links * Township 102 o"Myanmar States/Divisions & Townships Overview Map"Myanmar Information Management Unit (MIMU) "Mindon Google Satellite Map"Maplandia Townships of Magway Region {{Magway-geo-stub ...
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Sidoktaya Township
Sidoktaya Township () is a township of Minbu District in the Magway Region of Myanmar Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar; and also referred to as Burma (the official English name until 1989), is a country in northwest Southeast Asia. It is the largest country by area in Mainland Southeast Asia and has .... The principal town is Sidoktaya. References Townships of Magway Region {{Magway-geo-stub ...
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