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Savoy's Annexation To France (1792)
The incorporation of Savoy into France in 1792 refers to the "reunion," as termed by the decree, or the occupation or "annexation," as described by historians, of the Duchy of Savoy to the French First Republic, decreed on November 27, 1792. This decision followed a report by the deputy from Loir-et-Cher, Father Henri Grégoire. Savoy remained part of France until 1815, with its permanent annexation occurring in 1860 through the Annexation of Savoy. Background On the night of September 21–22, 1792, French revolutionary forces invaded the Duchy of Savoy without a prior declaration of war. These troops, part of the Army of the Alps, were led by Anne-Pierre de Montesquiou-Fézensac. The vanguard included the ''Legion of the Allobroges'', which counted Joseph Marie Dessaix among its ranks. On November 27, 1792, Father Grégoire presented his ''Report and Discussion on the Question of the Incorporation of Savoy into France'' to the National Convention, urging the assembly to decide o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duchy Of Savoy
The Duchy of Savoy (; ) was a territorial entity of the Savoyard state that existed from 1416 until 1847 and was a possession of the House of Savoy. It was created when Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, raised the County of Savoy into a duchy for Amadeus VIII. The duchy was an Imperial fief, subject of the Holy Roman Empire, until 1792, with a vote in the Imperial Diet. From the 16th century, Savoy belonged to the Upper Rhenish Circle. Its territory included the current French departments of Savoie, Haute-Savoie, and the Alpes-Maritimes, the current Italian region of Aosta Valley, a large part of Piedmont and the County of Geneva in Switzerland, which was then lost to the Old Swiss Confederacy. The main Vulgar languages that were spoken within the Duchy of Savoy were Piedmontese and Arpitan. Terminology The Duchy of Savoy was the central and most prominent of the territories possessed by the House of Savoy, and hence this title was and still is used often to indicate th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mont-Blanc (department)
Mont-Blanc () was a department of the First French Empire. It was named after Mont Blanc, the highest mountain in Western Europe, which marks the border between France and Piedmont. It was formed in 1792, when the Savoy region (part of the Kingdom of Sardinia) was occupied by the French. The department ceased to exist following Napoleon's defeat at Waterloo; the territory was restored to its former rulers. Its prefecture was Chambéry. On 17 February 1800, five cantons (Chamonix, Saint-Gervais, Megève, Flumet and Sallanches) including the Mont Blanc were transferred to the neighbouring Léman department. This meant that although the Mont-Blanc department kept its name, its namesake fell outside its territory. A similar situation exists nowadays with the Var department in Southern France. Chronology During the night of 21 September 1792, French troops under General Moutesquiou launched a surprise attack on the Duchy of Savoy, which at the time was a dependent territory of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Savoy (1792–1815)
In 1792, the Duchy of Savoy entered the revolutionary period with the arrival and occupation by the Legion of the Allobroges. The historical region experienced a situation similar to that of the French provinces. It became the Department of Mont-Blanc, with its capital in the former ducal capital, Chambéry. With the occupation of Geneva, the northern part of the duchy was separated in 1798 to form the Department of Léman. The duchy recovered its princes with the restoration in 1814 and then again in 1815. Savoy before 1792 From 1789, the Duchy of Savoy, part of the Kingdom of Sardinia, was influenced by the French Revolution through Savoyard emigrants in Paris and Lyon. These emigrants corresponded with their homeland, sharing news of revolutionary events and ideas. In Paris, François Amédée Doppet, born in Chambéry and elected deputy for Isère in 1791, advocated for Savoy's annexation to France. In July 1792, he contributed to forming the '' Legion of the Allobroges'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of Paris (1815)
The Treaty of Paris of 1815, also known as the Second Treaty of Paris, was signed on 20 November 1815, after the defeat and the abdication of Napoleon (1815), second abdication of Napoleon Bonaparte. In February, Napoleon had escaped from his exile on Elba, entered Paris on 20 March and began the Hundred Days of his restored rule. After First French Empire, France's defeat at the hands of the Seventh Coalition at the Battle of Waterloo, Napoleon was persuaded to abdicate again, on 22 June. King Louis XVIII, who had fled the country when Napoleon arrived in Paris, took the throne for a second time on 8 July. The 1815 treaty had more punitive terms than the Treaty of Paris (1814), treaty of the previous year. Bourbon Restoration in France, France was ordered to pay 700 million francs in indemnities, and its borders were reduced to those that had existed on 1 January 1790. France was to pay additional money to cover the cost of providing additional defensive fortifications to be bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Savoy
The history of Savoy presents a synthesis of the various periods, from prehistory to the present day, of the geographical and historical entity known as Savoy, a territory whose definition has varied for historical periods, until it was defined by the two Departments of France, French departments of Savoie and Haute-Savoie.Pittard, 2017, ''Histoire de la Savoie et de ses Etats,'' p.982 According to Abbé Adolphe Gros, the territory of Savoie comprises the "country situated between the Rhône and the Alps, south of Lake Geneva and north of the Dauphiné ". Savoie thus forms a "solid block, a sort of thick tree trunk stretching 145 km from north to south, and swelling to a hundred km from east to west, covering an area of just over 10,000 km2". The region's varied landscapes are marked by Alpine influences, from the lowland Alpine foothills, Pre-Alps to the snow-capped peaks of the Alps, linked by large intra-Alpine valleys. These valleys are at the origin of the traditional provinc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexandre Falguière
Jean Alexandre Joseph Falguière (; also given as Jean-Joseph-Alexandre Falguière, or in short Alexandre Falguière) (7 September 183120 April 1900) was a French sculptor and painter. Biography Falguière was born in Toulouse. A pupil of the École des Beaux-Arts, he won the Prix de Rome in 1859; he was awarded the medal of honor at the Paris Salon in 1868 and was appointed Officer of the Legion of Honor in 1878. Falguière's first bronze statue of importance was ''Le Vainqueur au Combat de Coqs (Victor of the Cockfight)'' (1864), and '' Tarcisius the Christian Boy-Martyr'' followed in 1867; both were exhibited in the Luxembourg Museum and are now in the Musée d'Orsay. His more important monuments are those to Admiral Courbet (1890) at Abbeville and the famous Joan of Arc. Other works include ''Eve'' (1880), ''Diana'' (1882 and 1891), ''Woman and Peacock'' (a. k. a. '' Juno and The Peacock''), and ''The Poet'', astride his Pegasus spreading wings for flight. He sculpted ''T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Léon Gambetta
Léon Gambetta (; 2 April 1838 – 31 December 1882) was a French lawyer and republican politician who proclaimed the French Third Republic in 1870 and played a prominent role in its early government. Early life and education Born in Cahors, Gambetta is said to have inherited his vigour and eloquence from his father, a Genoa, Genoese grocer who had married a Frenchwoman named Massabie. At the age of fifteen, Gambetta lost the sight of his right eye in an accident, and it eventually had to be removed. Despite this disability, he distinguished himself at school in Cahors. He then worked at his father's grocery shop in Cahors, the ''Bazar génois'' ("Genoese bazaar"), and in 1857 went to study at the Faculty of Law of Paris. His temperament gave him great influence among the students of the ''Latin Quarter, Paris, Quartier latin'', and he was soon known as an inveterate enemy of the imperial government. Career Gambetta was called to the bar in 1859. He was admitted to the Conf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Savoy
Savoy (; ) is a cultural-historical region in the Western Alps. Situated on the cultural boundary between Occitania and Piedmont, the area extends from Lake Geneva in the north to the Dauphiné in the south and west and to the Aosta Valley in the east. Savoy, formerly a part of the Kingdom of Burgundy, emerged as the feudal County of Savoy ruled by the House of Savoy during the 11th to 14th centuries. The original territory, also known as "ducal Savoy" or "Savoy proper", is largely co-terminous with the modern French Savoie and Haute-Savoie ''départements'' in the region of Rhône-Alpes, but the historical expansion of Savoyard territories, as the Duchy of Savoy (1416–1860), included parts of what is now western Italy and southwestern Switzerland. The current border between France and Italy is due to the Plombières Agreement of 1858, which in preparation for the unification of Italy ceded western Savoy to France, while the eastern territories in Piedmont an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French First Republic
In the history of France, the First Republic (), sometimes referred to in historiography as Revolutionary France, and officially the French Republic (), was founded on 21 September 1792 during the French Revolution. The First Republic lasted until the declaration of the First French Empire, First Empire on 18 May 1804 under Napoleon, Napoléon Bonaparte, although the form of government changed several times. On 21 September 1792, the deputies of the Convention, gathered for the first time, unanimously decide the Proclamation of the abolition of the monarchy, abolition of the constitutional monarchy in France. Although the Republic was never officially proclaimed on 22 September 1792, the decision was made to date the acts from the year I of the Republic. On 25 September 1792, the Republic was declared "one and indivisible". From 1792 to 1802, France was at war with the rest of Europe. It also experienced internal conflicts, including the War in the Vendée, wars in Vendée. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Convention
The National Convention () was the constituent assembly of the Kingdom of France for one day and the French First Republic for its first three years during the French Revolution, following the two-year National Constituent Assembly and the one-year Legislative Assembly. Created after the great insurrection of 10 August 1792, it was the first French government organized as a republic, abandoning the monarchy altogether. The Convention sat as a single-chamber assembly from 20 September 1792 to 26 October 1795 (4 Brumaire IV under the Convention's adopted calendar). The Convention came about when the Legislative Assembly decreed the provisional suspension of King Louis XVI and the convocation of a National Convention to draw up a new constitution with no monarchy. The other major innovation was to decree that deputies to that Convention should be elected by all Frenchmen 21 years old or more, domiciled for a year and living by the product of their labor. The National Convent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Marie Dessaix
Joseph Marie, comte Dessaix (24 September 1764, Thonon-les-Bains, Haute-Savoie – 26 October 1834) was a French general of the Napoleonic Wars. Career He was born at Thonon in Savoy. He studied medicine, took his degree at Turin, and then went to Paris, where in 1789 he joined the National Guard. In 1791 he tried without success to begin an uprising in Savoy, in 1792 he organized the Légion des Allobroges, and in the following years he served at the siege of Toulon, in the Army of the Eastern Pyrenees, and in the Army of Italy. He was captured at Rivoli, but was soon exchanged. In the spring of 1798 Dessaix was elected a member of the Council of Five Hundred. He was one of the few in that body who opposed the '' coup d'etat'' of the 18th Brumaire (November 9, 1799). In 1803 he was promoted general of brigade, and soon afterwards Commander of the Légion d'honneur. He distinguished himself greatly at the battle of Wagram (1809), and was about this time promoted general of di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
