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Sasanian Navy
The Sasanian navy was the naval force of the Sasanian Empire active since its establishment. It operated in the Persian Gulf, the Arabian Sea, the Red Sea, and briefly in the Mediterranean Sea. Sources Not much is known about the Sasanian navy, which never really became a major force. Information about the Sasanian navy is mostly in oriental sources, i.e. works of Arab, Persian and Armenian authors. There is little information in the Roman/Byzantine sources, and almost no iconographic information. Organization and role The Sasanian naval forces were established since the time of the empire's founder, Ardashir I. The main role of the Sasanian navy was to protect Sasanian economic interests, not military expeditions, as the coasts of the Persian Gulf were already under rule of Sasanians or their vassals. According to V. A. Dmitriev, the role of the navy was to enhance the military, political, and commercial influence of the empire in the north of the Indian Ocean. The navy was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ardashir I
Ardashir I (), also known as Ardashir the Unifier (180–242 AD), was the founder of the Sasanian Empire, the last empire of ancient Iran. He was also Ardashir V of the Kings of Persis, until he founded the new empire. After defeating the last Parthian Empire, Parthian King of Kings, shahanshah Artabanus IV of Parthia, Artabanus IV on the Battle of Hormozdgan, Hormozdgan plain in 224, he overthrew the Parthian Empire, Arsacid dynasty and established the Sasanian dynasty. Afterwards, Ardashir called himself ''shahanshah'' and began conquering the land that he called ''Iran (word), Eranshahr'', the realm of the Arya (Iran), Iranians. There are various historical reports about Ardashir's lineage and ancestry. According to al-Tabari's ''History of the Prophets and Kings'', Ardashir was son of Papak, son of Sasan. Another narrative recorded in Kar-Namag i Ardashir i Pabagan, ''Kar-Namag i Ardashir i Pabagan'' and Ferdowsi, Ferdowsi's ''Shahnameh'' states that Ardashir was born from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lazica
The Kingdom of Lazica (; ; ), sometimes called Lazian Empire, was a state in the territory of west Georgia in the Roman era, Georgia in the Roman period, from about the 1st century BC. Created as a result of the collapse of the kingdom of Colchis and the gaining of independence by the tribal-territorial units included in it in 131 AD. Name In the Svan language, the Svans refer to the Mingrelia (Samegrelo) region as Lazan, La- is the Svan territorial prefix and Lazan means "the land of the Zans". History By the mid-3rd century, Lazica was given partial autonomy within the Roman Empire and developed into a kingdom. Throughout much of its existence, it was mainly a Byzantine Empire, Byzantine strategic vassal kingdom that briefly came under Sasanian Empire, Sasanian Persian rule during the Lazic War. The treaty that ended the war abolished the kingdom of Lazica which became a Byzantine territory rules by a patrician. The parts of the Lazian Empire were Suani, Scymni, Western ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black Sea
The Black Sea is a marginal sea, marginal Mediterranean sea (oceanography), mediterranean sea lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bounded by Bulgaria, Georgia (country), Georgia, Romania, Russia, Turkey, and Ukraine. The Black Sea is Inflow (hydrology), supplied by major rivers, principally the Danube, Dnieper and Dniester. Consequently, while six countries have a coastline on the sea, its drainage basin includes parts of 24 countries in Europe. The Black Sea, not including the Sea of Azov, covers , has a maximum depth of , and a volume of . Most of its coasts ascend rapidly. These rises are the Pontic Mountains to the south, bar the southwest-facing peninsulas, the Caucasus Mountains to the east, and the Crimean Mountains to the mid-north. In the west, the coast is generally small floodplains below foothills such as the Strandzha; Cape Emine, a dwindling of the east end ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yemen
Yemen, officially the Republic of Yemen, is a country in West Asia. Located in South Arabia, southern Arabia, it borders Saudi Arabia to Saudi Arabia–Yemen border, the north, Oman to Oman–Yemen border, the northeast, the south-eastern part of the Arabian Sea to the east, the Gulf of Aden to the south, and the Red Sea to the west, sharing maritime boundary, maritime borders with Djibouti, Eritrea, and Somalia across the Horn of Africa. Covering roughly 455,503 square kilometres (175,871 square miles), with a coastline of approximately , Yemen is the second largest country on the Arabian Peninsula. Sanaa is its constitutional capital and largest city. Yemen's estimated population is 34.7 million, mostly Arabs, Arab Muslims. It is a member of the Arab League, the United Nations, the Non-Aligned Movement and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. Owing to its geographic location, Yemen has been at the crossroads of many civilisations for over 7,000 years. In 1200 BCE, the Sab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vahrez
Wahrez (born Boe or Bōē) was a Sasanian Empire, Sasanian general of Daylamites, Daylamite origin, first mentioned in the prelude to the Iberian War and then during the Aksumite–Persian wars. Name He was born Boe (Middle Persian: ''Bōē'', ''Bōyah/Büyah''), which is Hellenized as ''Boes''. He is better known by his title of Wahrīz (New Persian, Middle Persian: wḥlyč; in ''Bahrīz''; in Greek: ''Ouarizes'', in ; Modern Persian: ). Biography Wahrez is first mentioned in the prelude to the Iberian War, where he was sent by the Sasanian king (''shah'') Kavadh I (r. 498–531) to Kingdom of Iberia (antiquity), Caucasian Iberia in order to subdue a revolt under Vakhtang I of Iberia. During the reign of Kavadh's son, Khosrau I, the Yemenites had requested assistance against Axum dominance, who had occupied their country. Sayf ibn Dhi-Yazan, the son of Dhu Yazan, went to Khosrau and offered him all of Yemen if his army would defeat the Axumites. Khosrau then sent Wahr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khosrow I
Khosrow I (also spelled Khosrau, Khusro or Chosroes; ), traditionally known by his epithet of Anushirvan ("the Immortal Soul"), was the Sasanian King of Kings of Iran from 531 to 579. He was the son and successor of Kavad I (). Inheriting a reinvigorated empire at war with the Byzantines, Khosrow I signed a peace treaty with them in 532, known as the Perpetual Peace, in which the Byzantine emperor Justinian I paid 11,000 pounds of gold to the Sasanians. Khosrow then focused on consolidating his power, executing conspirators, including his uncle Bawi. Dissatisfied with the actions of the Byzantine clients and vassals, the Ghassanids, and encouraged by Ostrogoth envoys from Italy, Khosrow violated the peace treaty and declared war against the Byzantines in 540. He sacked the major city of Antioch and deported its population to Persia. In 541, he invaded Lazica and made it an Iranian protectorate, thus initiating the Lazic War. In 545, the two empires agreed to halt the wars in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chelandion
''Chelandion'' () was a Byzantine galley warship, a variant of the '' dromōn'' that also functioned as a cargo transport. The term ''chelandion'' is derived from the Greek word ''kelēs'', " courser", and first appeared during the early 8th century. In the medieval Latin used in Western Europe, it was rendered ''chelandium'' or ''scelandrium'' (and thence the 12th-century ''sandanum'' transport), while the Arabs rendered the name as ''shalandī'' (plural ''shalandiyyāt'') and used it for a probably similar type of vessels in their own navies. In common with the general characteristics of the ''dromōn'' type, the ''chelandion'' was a bireme galley, i.e. with two rows of oars, which provided its main means of propulsion, although it also featured one or two lateen sails, and was steered by two quarter rudders at the stern. It could also be equipped with siphons for projecting the feared Greek fire, the Byzantine navy's secret incendiary weapon. The term ''chelandion'' is usual ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dromon
The dromon (from Greek δρόμων, , ), a type of galley, became the most important type of warship of the Byzantine navy from the 5th to 12th centuries AD, after which the Italian-style galley superseded it. It developed from the ancient liburnian, which was the mainstay of the Roman navy during classical antiquity. The Middle English word ''dromond'' and the Old French word ''dromont'' derive from the Greek word; these names identified any particularly large medieval ship. Evolution and features The appearance and evolution of medieval warships is a matter of debate and conjecture; until recently, no remains of an oared warship from either ancient or early medieval times had been found and information had to be gathered by analyzing literary evidence, crude artistic depictions and the remains of a few merchant vessels (such as the 7th-century Pantano Longarini wreck from Sicily, the 7th-century Yassi Ada ship and the 11th-century Serçe Limanı Shipwreck, Serçe Limanı ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dhow
Dhow (; ) is the generic name of a number of traditional sailing vessels with one or more masts with settee or sometimes lateen sails, used in the Red Sea and Indian Ocean region. Typically sporting long thin hulls, dhows are trading vessels primarily used to carry heavy items, such as fruit, fresh water, or other heavy merchandise, along the coasts of Eastern Arabia, Iran, East Africa, Yemen and coastal South Asia (Pakistan, India, Bangladesh). Larger dhows have crews of approximately thirty and smaller ones typically around twelve. Etymology There are several versions of the origin of the word "dau". Previously, it was believed that it could be of Arabic or Persian origin (and although in the 21st century there is no such word in either Arabic or Persian, some Dutch documents from the 17th-18th centuries indicate that then the Persian word ''dawh'' meant "small ship"). Recently, most researchers are inclined to believe that this term comes from ''daw'' in the language o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Achaemenid Empire
The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire, also known as the Persian Empire or First Persian Empire (; , , ), was an Iranian peoples, Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty in 550 BC. Based in modern-day Iran, it was the List of largest empires#Timeline of largest empires to date, largest empire by that point in history, spanning a total of . The empire spanned from the Balkans and ancient Egypt, Egypt in the west, most of West Asia, the majority of Central Asia to the northeast, and the Indus Basin, Indus Valley of South Asia to the southeast. Around the 7th century BC, the region of Persis in the southwestern portion of the Iranian plateau was settled by the Persians. From Persis, Cyrus rose and defeated the Medes, Median Empire as well as Lydia and the Neo-Babylonian Empire, marking the establishment of a new imperial polity under the Achaemenid dynasty. In the modern era, the Achaemenid Empire has been recognised for its imposition of a succ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
