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Sasanian Dress
Sasanian dress (Middle Persian: ''ǰāmag'' or ''paymōg''), represented by the Persians, was "broadly similar" to dresses worn by other Iranian peoples Iranian peoples, or Iranic peoples, are the collective ethnolinguistic groups who are identified chiefly by their native usage of any of the Iranian languages, which are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages within the Indo-European langu .... It was especially appropriate and applicable for horse riding. Most extant primary sources for the study of Sasanian dress are forms of visual art, rock reliefs in particular. In relation to the Sasanian dress, Matthew Canepa (2018) states: According to Elsie H. Peck (1992), scholars have been hampered in their research on Sasanian female dress due to the scarcity of extant material (i.e. representations) compared to male Sasanian dress. See also * Korymbos (headgear) * Persian clothing * Parthian dress * Tocharian clothing * Byzantine dress * '' Tzangion'' References S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle Persian
Middle Persian, also known by its endonym Pārsīk or Pārsīg ( Inscriptional Pahlavi script: , Manichaean script: , Avestan script: ) in its later form, is a Western Middle Iranian language which became the literary language of the Sasanian Empire. For some time after the Sasanian collapse, Middle Persian continued to function as a prestige language. It descended from Old Persian, the language of the Achaemenid Empire and is the linguistic ancestor of Modern Persian, the official language of Iran (also known as Persia), Afghanistan ( Dari) and Tajikistan ( Tajik). Name "Middle Iranian" is the name given to the middle stage of development of the numerous Iranian languages and dialects. The middle stage of the Iranian languages begins around 450 BCE and ends around 650 CE. One of those Middle Iranian languages is Middle Persian, i.e. the middle stage of the language of the Persians, an Iranian people of Persia proper, which lies in the south-western Iran highlands on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persian People
Persians ( ), or the Persian people (), are an Iranian peoples, Iranian ethnic group from West Asia that came from an earlier group called the Proto-Iranians, which likely split from the Indo-Iranians in 1800 BCE from either Afghanistan or Central Asia. They are indigenous to the Iranian plateau and comprise the majority of the population of Iran.Iran Census Results 2016 United Nations Alongside having a Culture of Iran, common cultural system, they are native speakers of the Persian language and of the Western Iranian languages that are closely related to it. In the Western world, "Persian" was largely understood as a demonym for all Iranians rather than as an ethnonym for the Persian people, but this understanding Name of Iran, shi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iranian Peoples
Iranian peoples, or Iranic peoples, are the collective ethnolinguistic groups who are identified chiefly by their native usage of any of the Iranian languages, which are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages within the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family. The Proto-Iranian language, Proto-Iranians are believed to have emerged as a separate branch of the Indo-Iranians in Central Asia around the mid-2nd millennium BC. At their peak of expansion in the mid-1st millennium BC, the territory of the Iranian peoples stretched across the entire Eurasian Steppe; from the Danube, Danubian Plains in the west to the Ordos Plateau in the east and the Iranian Plateau in the south.: "From the first millennium b.c., we have abundant historical, archaeological and linguistic sources for the location of the territory inhabited by the Iranian peoples. In this period the territory of the northern Iranians, they being equestrian nomads, extended over the whole zone of the ste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sasanian Empire
The Sasanian Empire (), officially Eranshahr ( , "Empire of the Iranian peoples, Iranians"), was an List of monarchs of Iran, Iranian empire that was founded and ruled by the House of Sasan from 224 to 651. Enduring for over four centuries, the length of the Sasanian dynasty's reign over ancient Iran was second only to the directly preceding Arsacid dynasty of Parthia. Founded by Ardashir I, whose rise coincided with the decline of Arsacid influence in the face of both internal and external strife, the House of Sasan was highly determined to restore the legacy of the Achaemenid Empire by expanding and consolidating the Iranian nation's dominions. Most notably, after defeating Artabanus IV of Parthia during the Battle of Hormozdgan in 224, it began competing far more zealously with the neighbouring Roman Empire than the Arsacids had, thus sparking a new phase of the Roman–Iranian Wars. This effort by Ardashir's dynasty ultimately re-established Iran as a major power of late an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taq-e Bostan
Taq-e Bostan (, ) is a site with a series of large rock reliefs in Kermanshah, Iran, carved around the 4th century CE during the Sasanian era. This example of Sasanian art is located 5 km from the city center of Kermanshah. It is located in the heart of the Zagros Mountains, where it has endured almost 1,700 years of wind and rain. Originally, several natural springs were visible next to and below the reliefs and arches, some of which are now covered. Springs next to the reliefs still feed a large basin in front of the rock. The site has been turned into an archaeological park and a series of late Sasanian and Islamic column capitals have been brought together (some found at Taq Bostan, others at Mount Behistun and Kermanshah). The carvings, some of the finest and best-preserved examples of Persian sculpture under the Sassanids, include representations of the investitures of Ardashir II (379–383) and Shapur III (383–388). Like other Sassanid symbols, Taq-e Bosta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kulāf
A ''kulāf'', or kolāh, is a type of cap that designated Sasanian nobility and official. It appears on numerous reliefs and seals of the Sasanian Empire period. The ''kulāf'' is often decorated with pearls, on the edge and on the surface of the cap. It may also be shown with an emblem or tamgha on the surface. File:Sasanian seal of an official with Pahlavi insription Roz-bud, chief wine-purchaser (disputed), excavated in Northern Syria, 5th century CE British Museum 135071.jpg, Sasanian seal of an official wearing the ''kulāf'', with Pahlavi inscription "Roz-bud, chief wine-purchaser" (disputed), excavated in Northern Syria. 5th century CE, British Museum, 135071 Sasanian seal with inscription Pahlavi "Perozhormizd, son of the Kanarang", 3rd century CE British Museum 134847.jpg, Sasanian seal with portrait of an official wearing the ''kulāf'', inscription in Pahlavi "Perozhormizd, son of the Kanarang The ''kanārang'' () was a unique title in the Sasanian military, given ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Korymbos (headgear)
The Korymbos (, ; both meaning "cluster" or "uppermost points") was a jewel-studded globe containing the top hair of the ruler of the Sasanian dynasty of Iran, resting on his crown. It was introduced by Ardashir I Ardashir I (), also known as Ardashir the Unifier (180–242 AD), was the founder of the Sasanian Empire, the last empire of ancient Iran. He was also Ardashir V of the Kings of Persis, until he founded the new empire. After defeating the last Par ... (). The art historian Matthew P. Canepa notes that although the Greek word ''Korymbos'' or Latin ''Corymbus'' has become a scholarly convention to refer to the spherical shape on the top of Sasanian crowns, it is not an indigenous Iranian term. References Sources * *{{Encyclopædia Iranica Online , last = Shahbazi , first = A. Shapur , author-link = Alireza Shapour Shahbazi , title = Sasanian dynasty , url = http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/sasanian-dynasty , year = 2005 Iranian clothing Ardashir I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persian Clothing
Traditional Persian clothing is the historical costume of the Persian people, and of ancient Persia (now Iran) before the 1930s Pahlavi dynasty. Historically, the fabric and color of clothing was very important. During the Achaemenian period (550–330 BC), Persian clothing started to reflect social status and eminence, the climate of the region, and the season. The design philosophy for ancient clothing was a marriage of both function and aesthetics. Images of Persian clothing examples can be seen in ancient art and Persian miniature paintings. Persian miniatures can employ both vivid and muted colors for clothing, although the colors of paint pigment often do not match the colors of dyes. Traditional Persian clothing is seldom worn in urban areas in modern times but has been well preserved in texts and paintings throughout history. History Clothing in Persia is divided into several historical periods, however little is known about the earliest history. The exact date of the e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parthian Dress
The Parthian dress, represented by the Parthians, became the common clothing in the Ancient Near East during the Arsacid era (247 BC – 224 AD). The dress was characterized by its sleeved coats and trousers, and crossed political and ethnic barriers, being worn from Syria to northern India, continuing designs already recorded in the Achaemenid era. Alexander the Great Alexander III of Macedon (; 20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), most commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the Ancient Greece, ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia (ancient kingdom), Macedon. He succeeded his father Philip ...'s conquests of the Near East and the ensuing reign of the Seleucid Empire did not mark any change in Iranian clothing, but instead resulted in the further spread of it and even its influence on Greek clothing. See also * Sasanian dress * Tocharian clothing References Sources * {{Parthian Empire Parthian Empire Iranian clothing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tocharian Clothing
Tocharian clothing refers to clothing worn by the Tocharians. A series of murals from Kizil, Kizilgaha and Kumtura caves depicting Kuchean royalties, knights, swordsmen and donors have provided the best source of information on Tocharian costume. Their clothes were made of colourful, richly patterned fabric; a single- or double-lapel, belted caftan was very popular. This type of clothing was referred to as East Sassanid costume () by Albert von Le Coq. However, Mariachiara Gasparini argued that the style was under various influences, which can not be easily categorised as being strictly "Sasanian". According to Mariachiara Gasparini: Plaid textiles recovered from the Taklamakan Desert are of similar appearance to and are made with similar weaving techniques as textiles discovered at the Celtic sites of Hallstatt and Hallein. Gallery File:Donor figures from Kizil Cave 189.png, Tocharian donors, Kizil Cave 189 File:Prince Tottika of Kucha with his wife Svayamprabhā, ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Byzantine Dress
Byzantine dress changed considerably over the thousand years of the Empire, but was essentially conservative. The Byzantines liked colour and pattern, and made and exported very richly patterned cloth, especially Byzantine silk, woven and embroidered for the upper classes, and resist-dyed and printed for the lower. A different border or trimming round the edges was very common, and many single stripes down the body or around the upper arm are seen, often denoting class or rank. Taste for the middle and upper classes followed the latest fashions at the Imperial Court. As in the West during the Middle Ages, clothing was very expensive for the poor, who probably wore the same well-worn clothes nearly all the time;Payne, Blanche; Winakor, Geitel; Farrell-Beck Jane: ''The History of Costume, from the Ancient Mesopotamia to the Twentieth Century'', 2nd Edn, p128, HarperCollins, 1992. this meant in particular that any costume owned by most women needed to fit throughout the full leng ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
