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Sanjak Of Biga
The Sanjak of Biga was a second-level Ottoman province (''sanjak'' or '' liva''), roughly corresponding to the modern Çanakkale Province of Turkey. History The area of the ''sanjak'' was conquered from the Byzantine Empire by 1363, and with the establishment of the Anatolia Eyalet became part of it. In 1533 it was transferred to the newly created Eyalet of the Archipelago. In 1841, it was transferred to the Hüdavendigâr Eyalet, where it remained until 1867, when it became the capital (''pasha-sanjak'') of the Vilayet of the Archipelago (formed from the former eyalet of the same name). The governor's seat was not at Biga, however, but at Kale-i Sultaniye. In 1877, the ''sanjak'' was moved to the Istanbul Vilayet, before becoming part of the short-lived Karasi Vilayet (1881–88). After the latter's dissolution, Biga became an independent ''sanjak'', roughly equivalent to the modern Çanakkale Province, except for the Gallipoli peninsula, which was a separate ''sanjak''. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vilayet Of The Archipelago
The Vilayet of the Archipelago (, , "Vilayet of the Islands of the Mediterranean Sea") was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire extant from 1867 to 1912–13, including, at its maximum extent, the Ottoman Aegean islands, Cyprus and the Dardanelles Strait. At the beginning of the 20th century, it reportedly had an area of , while the preliminary results of the first Ottoman census of 1885 (published in 1908) gave the population as 325,866.Asia by A. H. Keane, page 459 The accuracy of the population figures ranges from "approximate" to "merely conjectural" depending on the region from which they were gathered. History It was established in 1867 as the successor of the homonym ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sanjaks Of Ottoman Anatolia
A sanjak or sancak (, , "flag, banner") was an administrative division of the Ottoman Empire. The Ottomans also sometimes called the sanjak a liva (, ) from the name's calque in Arabic and Persian. Banners were a common organization of nomadic groups on the Eurasian Steppe including the early Turks, Mongols, and Manchus and were used as the name for the initial first-level territorial divisions at the formation of the Ottoman Empire. Upon the empire's expansion and the establishment of eyalets as larger provinces, sanjaks were used as the second-level administrative divisions. They continued in this purpose after the eyalets were replaced by vilayets during the Tanzimat reforms of the 19th century. Sanjaks were typically headed by a bey or sanjakbey. The Tanzimat reforms initially placed some sanjaks under kaymakams and others under mutasarrifs; a sanjak under a mutasarrif was known as a mutasarriflik. The districts of each sanjak were known as kazas. These were initially overs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sanjak Of Gallipoli
The Sanjak of Gelibolu or Gallipoli (Ottoman Turkish: ''Sancak-i/Liva-i Gelibolu'') was a second-level Ottoman province (''sanjak'' or '' liva'') encompassing the Gallipoli Peninsula and a portion of southern Thrace. Gelibolu was the first Ottoman province in Europe, and for over a century the main base of the Ottoman Navy. Thereafter, and until the 18th century, it served as the seat of the ''Kapudan Pasha'' and capital of the Eyalet of the Archipelago. History Gallipoli (from , ; ) was always a site of particular strategic importance, as it controlled the Dardanelles straits. Already under the Byzantine Empire, it served as a naval base. The Ottoman Turks first captured the strong fortress from the Byzantines in 1354, along with other sites in the area, aided by an earthquake that collapsed their walls. Gallipoli secured the Ottomans a toehold in the Balkans, and became the seat of the chief Ottoman governor in Rumelia. The fortress was recaptured for Byzantium by the Savoy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gallipoli Peninsula
The Gallipoli Peninsula (; ; ) is located in the southern part of East Thrace, the European part of Turkey, with the Aegean Sea to the west and the Dardanelles strait to the east. Gallipoli is the Italian form of the Greek name (), meaning 'beautiful city', the original name of the modern town of Gelibolu. In antiquity, the peninsula was known as the Thracian Chersonese (; ). The peninsula runs in a south-westerly direction into the Aegean Sea, between the Dardanelles (formerly known as the Hellespont), and the Gulf of Saros (formerly the bay of Melas). In antiquity, it was protected by the Long Wall, a defensive structure built across the narrowest part of the peninsula near the ancient city of Agora. The isthmus traversed by the wall was only 36 stadia in breadthHerodotus, ''The Histories''vi. 36 Xenophon, ibid.; Pseudo-Scylax, '' Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax'', 67PDF) or about , but the length of the peninsula from this wall to its southern extremity, Cape Mastusia, was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biga, Çanakkale
Biga is a city in Çanakkale Province in the Marmara region of Turkey. It is located on the Biga River, northeast from Çanakkale city centre. It is the seat of Biga District.İlçe Belediyesi Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 1 March 2023. Its population is 57,125 (2021). The town lies at an elevation of . The center of COMU Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences is in Biga. History Within the area of Biga (at Karabiga) is the site of the ancient city of Pegaea (), also known as Pegae or Pegai (Πηγαί, "the ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hüdavendigâr Eyalet
Hüdavendigâr Eyalet () was an eyalet of the Ottoman Empire. The word ''Hüdavendigâr'' comes from the Persian word Khodāvandgār which literally translates to ''"devotee of god"''. Administrative divisions The eyalet was subdivided into 8 sanjaks:Dr. Abdülmecit Mutaf. Salnâmelere Göre Karesi (1847–1922), (2003) Zağnos Kültür ve Eğitim Vakfı, sf.17,18. # Sanjak of Hüdavendigâr (Bursa)Dictionnaire géographique de l'Empire ottoman by Konstantin Georgievich Mostras. Page 14 # Sanjak of Karahisar-i Sahip # [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries. The empire emerged from a Anatolian beyliks, ''beylik'', or principality, founded in northwestern Anatolia in by the Turkoman (ethnonym), Turkoman tribal leader Osman I. His successors Ottoman wars in Europe, conquered much of Anatolia and expanded into the Balkans by the mid-14th century, transforming their petty kingdom into a transcontinental empire. The Ottomans ended the Byzantine Empire with the Fall of Constantinople, conquest of Constantinople in 1453 by Mehmed II. With its capital at History of Istanbul#Ottoman Empire, Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) and control over a significant portion of the Mediterranean Basin, the Ottoman Empire was at the centre of interacti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eyalet Of The Archipelago
The Eyalet of the Islands of the White Sea () was a first-level province (eyalet) of the Ottoman Empire. From its inception until the Tanzimat reforms of the mid-19th century, it was under the personal control of the Kapudan Pasha, the commander-in-chief of the Ottoman Navy. History During the early period of the Ottoman Empire, the commander of the Ottoman fleet (the ''Derya Begi'', "Bey of the Sea") also held the governorship of the ''sanjak'' of Gallipoli, which was the principal Ottoman naval base until the construction of the Imperial Arsenal under Sultan Selim I (reigned 1512–20). His province also included the isolated ''kazas'' of Galata and Izmit. In 1533/4, the corsair captain Hayreddin Barbarossa, who had taken over Algeria, submitted to the authority of Sultan Suleyman I (r. 1520–66). His province was expanded by the addition of the ''sanjaks'' of Kocaeli, Suğla, and Biga from the Eyalet of Anatolia, and of the ''sanjaks'' of Inebahti ( Naupaktos), Ağribo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anatolia Eyalet
The Eyalet of Anatolia () was one of the two core provinces (Rumelia being the other) in the early years of the Ottoman Empire. It was established in 1393. By Gábor Ágoston, Bruce Alan Masters Its capital was first Ankara in central Anatolia, but then moved to Kütahya in western Anatolia. Its reported area in the 19th century was . The establishment of the province of Anatolia is held to have been in 1393, when Sultan Bayezid I ( 1389–1402) appointed Kara Timurtash as ''beylerbey'' and viceroy was in Anatolia, during Bayezid's absence on campaign in Europe against Mircea I of Wallachia. The province of Anatolia—initially termed ''beylerbeylik'' or generically ''vilayet'' ("province"), only after 1591 was the term ''eyalet'' used—was the second to be formed after the Rumelia Eyalet, and ranked accordingly in the hierarchy of the provinces. The first capital of the province was Ankara, but in the late 15th century it was moved to Kütahya Kütahya (; historically, C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
