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Ruothild (abbess Of Pfalzel)
Ruothild () was a canoness and the abbess of in the 980s and 990s. She was born into a wealthy aristocratic family. During her tenure, the diocesan clergy of Trier began pushing the canonesses to accept the Benedictine rule and become nuns. Ruothild first appears as abbess in the 980s. According to the '' Libellus de rebus Trevirensibus'', she had previously been a canoness of Essen Abbey, where she was educated. She was appointed to lead Pfalzel by Archbishop Egbert of Trier (). During her abbacy, Egbert encouraged Pfalzel into artistic production and the production of liturgical vestments. The abbatial church was enlarged and vaulting added. In 988, Ruothild donated the village of Emendadesdorf to the abbey. In 989, she and he brother made a major donation to the abbey, which included 14 serfs. Ruothild died on 1 December in an unknown year in the 990s. Her exquisitely carved tombstone declares her to have been the "spouse of the Redeemer" (a virgin), a "comely canoness" and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canoness
A canoness is a member of a religious community of women, historically a stable community dedicated to the celebration of the Liturgy of the Hours in a particular church. The name corresponds to a canon, the male equivalent, and both roles share a common historical origin. As with the canons, there are two types: canonesses regular, who follow the Rule of St Augustine, and secular canonesses, who follow no monastic rule of life. In the 21st century, the term has come to extend to women exercising the historically male role of canon in some Anglican Anglicanism, also known as Episcopalianism in some countries, is a Western Christianity, Western Christian tradition which developed from the practices, liturgy, and identity of the Church of England following the English Reformation, in the ... context. Many female Anglican clerics however use the title ''canon'' and not ''canoness'' (see ''Male as norm''), e.g., Sarah Foot. Background The involvement of women in the work of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diocese Of Trier
The Diocese of Trier (), in English historically also known as ''Treves'' () from French ''Trèves'', is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic church in Germany."Diocese of Trier" '' Catholic-Hierarchy.org''. David M. Cheney. Retrieved February 29, 2016"Diocese of Trier" ''GCatholic.org''. Gabriel Chow. Retrieved February 29, 2016 When it was the archbishopric and , it was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benedictine Rule
The ''Rule of Saint Benedict'' () is a book of precepts written in Latin by St. Benedict of Nursia (c. AD 480–550) for monks living communally under the authority of an abbot. The spirit of Saint Benedict's Rule is summed up in the motto of the Benedictine Confederation: ''pax'' ("peace") and the traditional ''ora et labora'' ("pray and work"). Compared to other precepts, the Rule provides a moderate path between individual zeal and formulaic institutionalism; because of this middle ground, it has been widely popular. Benedict's concerns were his views of the needs of monks in a community environment: namely, to establish due order, to foster an understanding of the relational nature of human beings, and to provide a spiritual father to support and strengthen the individual's ascetic effort and the spiritual growth that is required for the fulfillment of the human vocation, theosis. The ''Rule of Saint Benedict'' has been used by Benedictines for 15 centuries, and thus St. Ben ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Libellus De Rebus Trevirensibus
A ''libellus'' (plural ''libelli'') in the Roman Empire was any brief document written on individual pages (as opposed to scrolls or tablets), particularly official documents issued by governmental authorities. The term ''libellus'' has particular historical significance for the libelli that were issued during the reign of Emperor Decius to citizens to certify performance of required pagan sacrifices in order to demonstrate loyalty to the authorities of the Roman Empire. During later periods libelli were issued as certificates of indulgence, in which the confessors or martyrs interceded for apostate Christians. Etymology The word ''libellus'' is a Latin diminutive form of the ordinary word ''liber'' (meaning "book"), from which we get the English word ''library''. Literally, it means "little book". Sometimes the word was used to describe what we would call: essays, tracts, pamphlets, or petitions. History During the Decian persecution In the year 250, in an attempt to promote tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Essen Abbey
Essen Abbey () was a community of secular canonesses for women of high nobility that formed the nucleus of modern-day Essen, Germany. A chapter of male priests were also attached to the abbey, under a dean. In the medieval period, the abbess exercised the functions of a bishop, except for the sacramental ones, and those of a ruler, over the very extensive estates of the abbey, and had no clerical superior except the pope. History It was founded about 845 by the Saxon Altfrid (died 874), later Bishop of Hildesheim and saint, near a royal estate called ''Astnidhi'', which later gave its name to the religious house and the town. The first abbess was Altfrid's kinswoman, Gerswit. Altfrid also built a church for the canonesses, the , later known as the and from 1958 as Essen Cathedral. Only women from the highest circles of German nobility were accepted. Because of its advancement by the Liudolfings (the family of the Ottonian Emperors), the abbey became (an Imperial abbey ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Egbert (archbishop Of Trier)
Egbert (c. 950 – 9 December 993) was the Archbishop of Trier from 977 until his death. Egbert was a son of Dirk II, Count of Holland. After being trained in Egmond Abbey, founded and controlled by his family, and at the court of Bruno I, Archbishop of Cologne, he became the chancellor of Otto II in 976. The following year he was appointed to the archdiocese of Trier, still probably in his twenties. He accompanied Otto II on visits to Italy in 980 and 983, and may have made other trips there. After Otto II's death in 983, he joined the party supporting the succession of Henry the Quarrelsome, Duke of Bavaria, rather than Otto III, but returned to supporting Otto in 985. Egbert was a significant patron of science and the arts, who established one or more workshops of goldsmiths and enamellers at Trier, which produced works for other Ottonian centres and the Imperial court. Beginning with his tenure, Trier came to rival Mainz and Cologne as the artistic centre of the Ottonian w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vault (architecture)
In architecture, a vault (French ''voûte'', from Italian ''volta'') is a self-supporting arched form, usually of stone or brick, serving to cover a space with a ceiling or roof. As in building an arch, a temporary support is needed while rings of voussoirs are constructed and the rings placed in position. Until the topmost voussoir, the Keystone (architecture), keystone, is positioned, the vault is not self-supporting. Where timber is easily obtained, this temporary support is provided by centering consisting of a framed truss with a semicircular or Circular segment, segmental head, which supports the voussoirs until the ring of the whole arch is completed. The Mycenaean Greece, Mycenaeans (ca. 18th century BC, 1800–1050s BC, 1050 BC) were known for their Tholos (architecture), tholos tombs, also called beehive tombs, which were underground structures with conical vaults. This type of vault is one of the earliest evidences of curved brick architecture without the use of ston ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serf
Serfdom was the status of many peasants under feudalism, specifically relating to manorialism and similar systems. It was a condition of debt bondage and indentured servitude with similarities to and differences from slavery. It developed during late antiquity and the Early Middle Ages in Europe and lasted in some countries until the mid-19th century. Unlike slaves, serfs could not be bought, sold, or traded individually, though they could, depending on the area, be sold together with land. Actual slaves, such as the kholops in Russia, could, by contrast, be traded like regular slaves, abused with no rights over their own bodies, could not leave the land they were bound to, and marry only with their lord's permission. Serfs who occupied a plot of land were required to work for the lord of the manor who owned that land. In return, they were entitled to protection, justice, and the right to cultivate certain fields within the manor to maintain their own subsistence. Serfs wer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier
The ''Rheinische Landesmuseum Trier'' is an archaeological museum in Trier, Germany. The collection stretches from prehistory through the Roman period, the Middle Ages to the Baroque era with a strong emphasis on the Roman past of Augusta Treverorum, Germany's oldest city. Its collections of (local) Roman sculptures, Roman mosaics and frescos are among the best in Germany (along with those of the Römisch-Germanisches Museum in Cologne, the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Bonn and the Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum in Mainz). History The museum was founded in 1877 as the Provincial Museum of the Prussian Rhine Province (''Provinzialmuseum der preußischen Rheinprovinz''), of which the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Bonn was also part. The first director was the archaeologist Felix Hettner (1877–1902). In 1885–89 a proper museum building was built at the edge of the palace garden of the Electoral Palace, just outside the Roman wall. The architect of the building, rectangular an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
990s Deaths
99 may refer to: * 99 (number) * one of the years 99 BC, AD 99, 1999, 2099, etc. Art, entertainment, and media Film, television and radio * ''99'' (1918 film), a Hungarian film * ''99'' (2009 film), an Indian Hindi film * ''99'' (2019 film), an Indian Kannada film * ''The 99'' (TV series), a 2011–2012 animated series * WNNX (99X), classic "Rock 100.5" FM, in Atlanta, Georgia * 99 (''Brooklyn Nine-Nine''), an episode of ''Brooklyn Nine-Nine'' * 99, a character from ''Star Wars: The Clone Wars'' ** Clone Force 99, also called "The Bad Batch" and the eponymous animated series (named after the character in-universe) Games * '' '99: The Last War'', a renamed version of the arcade game ''Repulse'' * Ninety-nine (addition card game), a simple card game where players drop out if forced to bring the total above 99 * Ninety-nine (trick-taking card game), a card game where players bid by discarding three cards * 9-Nine, a Japanese visual novel Music * 99 Records, a record label ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
