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Rulers Of Saxony
This article lists dukes, electors, and kings ruling over different territories named Saxony from the beginning of the Saxon Duchy in the 6th century to the end of the German monarchies in 1918. The electors of Saxony from John the Steadfast onwards were Lutheran until Augustus II of Saxony converted to Catholicism in order to be elected King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania. His descendants (including all Kings of Saxony) have since been Catholic. Old Saxony The original Duchy of Saxony comprised the lands of the Saxons in the north-western part of present-day Germany, namely, the contemporary German state of Lower Saxony as well as Westphalia and Western Saxony-Anhalt, not corresponding to the modern German state of Saxony. Frankish king Charlemagne conquered Saxony and integrated it into the Carolingian Empire. In the later 9th century, power began to shift from the (Eastern) Frankish king to the local Saxon rulers, resulting in the emergence of the Younger stem du ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coat Of Arms Of Saxony
The coat of arms of the present-day German free state of Saxony shows a tenfold horizontally-partitioned ('' Barry of ten'') field of black (''sable'') and gold/yellow ('' or'') stripes,Freistaat Sachsen official website Accessed 2009-05-19. charged with a green ('''') crancelin (a stylized common rue) running from the viewer's top-left to bottom-right (''in bend''). Although the crancelin is some ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charlemagne
Charlemagne ( ; 2 April 748 – 28 January 814) was List of Frankish kings, King of the Franks from 768, List of kings of the Lombards, King of the Lombards from 774, and Holy Roman Emperor, Emperor of what is now known as the Carolingian Empire from 800, holding these titles until his death in 814. He united most of Western Europe, Western and Central Europe, and was the first recognised emperor to rule from the west after the fall of the Western Roman Empire approximately three centuries earlier. Charlemagne's reign was marked by political and social changes that had lasting influence on Europe throughout the Middle Ages. A member of the Frankish Carolingian dynasty, Charlemagne was the eldest son of Pepin the Short and Bertrada of Laon. With his brother, Carloman I, he became king of the Franks in 768 following Pepin's death and became the sole ruler three years later. Charlemagne continued his father's policy of protecting the papacy and became its chief defender, remo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brun (Saxony)
Bruno, also called Brun or Braun ( 2 February 880), a member of the Ottonian dynasty, was Duke of Saxony from 866 until his death in 880. He is rated as an ancestor of the Brunonids, a cadet branch of the Ottonians, though an affiliation is uncertain. Bruno was killed fighting against Norse warriors in the Battle of Lüneburg Heath and is venerated as one of the Ebsdorf Martyrs. Life He was the eldest son of the Saxon count Liudolf (died 866) and his wife, Oda. His father held large estates in Eastphalia along the Leine river, where in 852 he founded the Brunshausen monastery. Bruno succeeded his father and is mentioned as a count in 877. While Liudolf is described as , i.e. leader in East Saxony (Eastphalia), it is possible that Bruno, according to the by the medieval chronicler Widukind of Corvey, already was , duke () of all Saxony. The rise of his family in East Francia is documented by the fact that Bruno's sister Liutgard in 874 married the Carolingian prince Loui ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bruno Dux
Bruno may refer to: People and fictional characters * Bruno (name), including lists of people and fictional characters with either the given name or surname * Bruno, Duke of Saxony (died 880) * Bruno the Great (925–965), Archbishop of Cologne, Duke of Lotharingia and saint * Bruno (bishop of Verden) (920–976), German Roman Catholic bishop * Pope Gregory V (c. 972–999), born Bruno of Carinthia * Bruno of Querfurt (c. 974–1009), Christian missionary bishop, martyr and saint * Bruno of Augsburg (c. 992–1029), Bishop of Augsburg * Bruno (bishop of Würzburg) (1005–1045), German Roman Catholic bishop * Pope Leo IX (1002–1054), born Bruno of Egisheim-Dagsburg * Bruno II (1024–1057), Frisian count or margrave * Bruno the Saxon (fl. 2nd half of the 11th century), historian * Saint Bruno of Cologne (d. 1101), founder of the Carthusians * Bruno (bishop of Segni) (c. 1045–1123), Italian Roman Catholic bishop and saint * Bruno (archbishop of Trier) (died 1124), German ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liudolf, Duke Of Saxony
Liudolf ( – 11/12 March 866) was a Carolingian office bearer and count in the Duchy of Saxony from about 844 until his death in 866. The ruling Liudolfing house, also known as the Ottonian dynasty, is named after him; he is its oldest verified member. Life Liudolf was the son of a margrave () Bruno and his wife, Gisla. or Oda de Billung. Liudolf had extended possessions in the western Harz foothills and on the Leine river, he also served as a military leader ''(dux)'' in the wars of the East Frankish king Louis the German against Viking invasions, and the Polabian Slavs. Later authors called Liudolf a duke of the Eastern Saxons (''dux Orientalis Saxonum'', probably since 850) and count of Eastphalia. About 830 Liudolf married Oda, daughter of a Frankish ''princeps'' named Billung and his wife Aeda. By marrying a Frankish nobleman's daughter, Liudolf followed suggestions set forth by Charlemagne about ensuring the integrity of the Carolingian Empire in the aftermath of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottonian
The Ottonian dynasty () was a Saxon dynasty of German monarchs (919–1024), named after three of its kings and Holy Roman emperors, especially Otto the Great. It is also known as the Saxon dynasty after the family's origin in the German stem duchy of Saxony. The family itself is also sometimes known as the Liudolfings (), after its earliest known member Count Liudolf (d. 866) and one of its most common given names. The Ottonian rulers were successors of Conrad I, who was the only German king to rule in East Francia after the Carolingian dynasty. The Ottonians are associated with the notable military success that transformed the political situation in contemporary Western Europe: "It was the success of the Ottonians in molding the raw materials bequeathed to them into a formidable military machine that made possible the establishment of Germany as the preeminent kingdom in Europe from the tenth through the mid-thirteenth century." They are also associated with a notable cultura ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banzleib
Banzleibs was a mid-ninth-century Frankish magnate of the Hattonid family in the Carolingian Empire. He was the Count of Maine in 832. By 838, when he was still at Le Mans, he had been appointed by the emperor, Louis the Pious, as ''comes et Saxoniae patriae marchio'': "count and margrave of the Saxon fatherland". After the death of Louis in 840, Banzleibs supported Lothair in the subsequent civil war which arose between Louis's sons. Along with his brothers, Adalbert, Count of Metz, and Hatto, Count of Nassau, Banzleibs was a staunch opponent of Louis the German and the creation of an East Frankish kingdom. On 14 December 840 at Rösbeck Louis dispossessed Banzleibs of his benefices and public offices and granted them to Warin, Abbot of Corvey The Princely Abbey of Corvey ( or ) is a former Benedictine abbey and ecclesiastical principality now in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It was one of the half-dozen self-ruling '' princely abbeys'' of the Holy Roman Empire from t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hattonid
The Hattonids were an important imperial noble family in the first half of the 9th century, during the reigns of the Carolingian kings Charlemagne and Louis the Pious. They lost their position under Louis the German. They were patronised by the emperors and were enfeoffed with benefices on imperial estates. They attended empire-wide councils and were given military commands on the borders to defend the empire from Danish Vikings and Slavs. Hailing from Saxony and Bavaria, where they had many lands and ''honores'', the Hattonids were appointed to prefectures and counties in East Franconia and the central Rhineland from an early date. One of their family, Banzleib, was both Count of Maine in 832 and, by 838, ''comes et Saxoniae patriae marchio'' ("count and margrave of the Saxon fatherland") under Louis the Pious. The Hattonids more or less controlled Saxony in the last years of Louis the Pious' reign. The Hattonids were staunch supporters of Louis the Pious and the unity of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albion (Saxon)
Albion (or Abbion shortened to Abbio or Abbi, also Alboin) was a Germanic leader of the Saxons in the time of Charlemagne. (exact dates remain unknown) Albbi is considered one of the two principal Saxon chiefs along with Widukind. He was the leader of the Eastphalians while the latter ruled the Westphalian Saxons. Both opposed the aggressive eastern expansion of the Carolingian Empire. They mustered an army and fought Charlemagne in two major battles, at Osnabrück and Detmold. After these conflicts the Saxons were recorded to have taken 4,000 prisoners. In 785, after being defeated in the Saxon wars, fleeing across the Elbe, Albion was baptized together with Widukind, possibly in Attigny, with Charlemagne as his godfather. He was possibly married to Giesela (or Hasela), a daughter or sister to Widukind, and therefore closely related to him. Albion was said to be the ancestor of the House of Ascania The House of Ascania () was a dynasty of German rulers. It is also known as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Widukind
Widukind, also known as Wittekind and Wittikund, was a leader of the Saxons and the chief opponent of the Frankish king Charlemagne during the Saxon Wars from 777 to 785. Charlemagne ultimately prevailed, organized Saxony as a Frankish province, massacred thousands of Saxon nobles, and ordered conversions of the pagan Saxons to Christianity. In later times, Widukind became a symbol of Saxon independence and a figure of legend. He is also venerated as a blessed in the Catholic Church. Life Very little is known about Widukind's life. His name literally translates as "child of the forest". In the chronicles he is accompanied by Abbi who may have been a close relative. However, it is uncertain how they were related because all sources about him stem from his enemies, the Franks, who painted a negative picture representing him as an "insurgent" and a "traitor". While Widukind was considered the leader of the Saxon resistance by the Franks, his exact role in the military campaigns ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theoderic, Duke Of Saxony
Theoderic or Theodric (Low German Diederik or Didrik, High German Dietrich) was the leader of the Saxons in the years 743–744. Onomastics suggests that he was related to the family of Widukind. In 743 the Frankish mayors of the palace, the brothers Pepin the Short and Carloman, marched against Odilo of Bavaria, who was nominally a Frankish subject. Carloman then turned north towards Saxony, which had ceased to pay the annual tribute of cows which the Franks had extorted first in the sixth century, and conquering the ''castrum ''Castra'' () is a Latin language, Latin term used during the Roman Republic and Roman Empire for a military 'camp', and ''castrum'' () for a 'Fortification, fort'. Either could refer to a building or plot of land, used as a fortified milita ...'' of Ho(o)hseoburg forced the Saxon duke Theoderic to surrender at a '' placitum'' held at that same place. The brothers invaded Saxony again the next year (744) and Theoderic was captured.RFA, 743 an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berthoald, Duke Of Saxony
Berthoald (died 622) was the Duke of the Saxons during the reign of the Frankish kings Chlothar II and his son Dagobert I, the last ruling Merovingians.Max Diesenberger (2003), "Hair, Sacrality and Symbolic Capital in the Frankish Kingdoms," ''The Construction of Communities in the Early Middle Ages: Texts, Resources and Artefacts'', Richard Corradini, Max Diesenberger, and Helmut Reimitz, edd. (BRILL), 201–2. He despised Frankish suzerainty and rebelled, but was defeated. His story is told in the '' Liber Historiae Francorum'' (727) and the '' Gesta Dagoberti'' (830s), both sources partial to the Merovingian kings. Revolt and death In 622, shortly after Chlothar had appointed Dagobert to rule Austrasia, the Frankish kingdom that bordered the Saxons, Berthoald rose in revolt and began marching against him. Dagobert crossed the Rhine and invaded Saxon territory to meet him. In the subsequent battle the Franks were defeated and Dagobert received a strong blow to his helmet, by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
