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Rulers Of Estonia
These are lists of political office-holders in Estonia. Overview The ancient counties (''maakond'') and parishes (''kihelkond'') were headed by ''Seniores'' and ''Meliores'' (Elders) as noted by Henry of Livonia. The administrative jurisdiction of the parish and county elders was limited, the counties themselves remained autonomous until the Teutonic and Danish conquest of Estonia in the 13th century. Ending with the states and the rulers of states (starting from the time of the first successful Danish conquest in 1219) who either ruled or laid claims of sovereignty over some parts of the territory of present-day Estonia, as well as the leaders of the independent Republic of Estonia since 1918. Ancient counties Alempois Title: Elder (-1224) Harju Title: Elder (-1224) Järva Title: Elder (-1224) Jogentagana Title: Elder (-1224) Läänemaa Title: Elder (-1224) Mõhu Title: Elder (-1224) Nurmekund Title: Elder (-1224) Revala Title: Elder (-1224) Saaremaa Title: E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Estonia
Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia, is a country in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, and to the east by Russia. The territory of Estonia consists of the mainland, the larger islands of Saaremaa and Hiiumaa, and over 2,300 other islands and islets on the east coast of the Baltic Sea. Its capital Tallinn and Tartu are the two largest List of cities and towns in Estonia, urban areas. The Estonian language is the official language and the first language of the Estonians, majority of its population of nearly 1.4 million. Estonia is one of the least populous members of the European Union and NATO. Present-day Estonia has been inhabited since at least 9,000 BC. The Ancient Estonia#Early Middle Ages, medieval indigenous population of Estonia was one of the last pagan civilisations in Europe to adopt Christianity following the Northern Crusades in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Culle (elder)
Culle, also spelled Culli, Cullí, or Kulyi, is a poorly attested extinct language of the Andean highlands of northern Peru. It is the original language of the highlands of La Libertad Region, the south of the Cajamarca Region ( Cajabamba), and the north of the Ancash region ( Pallasca and Bolognesi). It is known through various word lists collected while the language was still spoken and through vocabulary loaned into the Spanish spoken in the region. Flores Reyna (1996) reports that Culli was spoken by at least one family in the town of Tauca, Pallasca Province, Ancash region, until the middle of the 20th century. While it appears that Culli has been displaced in its whole range by Spanish, the possibility of speakers remaining in some remote village cannot be ruled out altogether. Culli was the language spoken in the territory of at least three Pre-Inca cultures or dominions: The kingdom of Konchuko ( Conchucos), in the north of the Ancash region; the kingdom of Wamachuko (H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Virumaa
Virumaa (; Low German: ''Wierland''; Old Norse: ''Virland'') is a former independent county in Ancient Estonia. Now it is divided into Ida-Viru County or Eastern Vironia and Lääne-Viru County or Western Vironia. Vironians built many strongholds, like Tarwanpe (modern Rakvere) and Agelinde (now Punamägi Hill in Äntu village). Vironian was divided into five clans (''kilikunda''), ''Maum'' (in Estonian "Mahu"), ''Laemund'' (Lemmu) also known as ''Pudiviru'', ''Askele'', ''Revele'' (Rebala), ''Alentagh'' (Alutaguse). Like other Estonian tribes, Vironians remained predominantly pagan before Northern Crusades in the 13th century. History According to the Livonian Chronicle of Henry, Vironians believed that Tharapita, a god worshipped by Osilians (the tribe inhabiting Saaremaa) was born in Vironia. However, Vironian elder Thabelin of Pudiviru had endorsed Christianity before the German and Danish crusaders reached Estonia. Thabelin (Tabellinus) was baptized by Germans in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vaiga
Vaiga was a small landlocked ancient Estonian county in the eastern part of the territory of Estonia. It territory now belongs to the eastern part of Jõgeva County. See also *Livonian Crusade The Livonian crusade consists of the various military Crusade, Christianisation campaigns in medieval Livonia – modern Latvia and Estonia – during the Pope, Papal-sanctioned Northern Crusades in the 12th–13th century. Overview Historic ... References External links Kuidas elasid inimesed vanasti, möödunud sajandil ja praegu (Estonian) [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ugandi
Ugandi (Latin: ''Ungannia'' or ''Ugaunia''; ; Low German: ''Uggn'') was an Independence, independent county between the east coast of Lake Võrtsjärv and west coast of Lake Pskov, bordered by Vaiga, Mõhu, Nurmekund, Sackalia, Sakala, Tālava, and The Principality of Pskov. Ugandi had an area of approximately 3000 hide (unit), hides. Ugandi corresponded roughly to the present Estonia's territory of Võru County, Põlva County and half of Tartu County and Valga County, as well as Petseri County. The county was first mentioned in print by Henry of Livonia After the Northern crusades it became the Bishopric of Dorpat. In Latvian language, Latvian, ''Igaunija'' (''Ugaunija'' is the Latvian name for the Ugaunia county) is still the modern national name for Estonia. The name ''Ugandi'' is derived by associating "Ugaunia" with the name of ''Uandimägi'' Hill near Otepää. An alternate theory proposes that the name "Ugaunia" could have been derived from the Slavic languages, Slavic l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meeme Of Sakala
Meeme is a town in Manitowoc County, Wisconsin, Manitowoc County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 1,538 at the 2000 census. Its Menominee name is ''Omīnīw'' which means "pigeon". The Menominee sold this land to the United States in the 1831 Treaty of Washington, with Menominee (1831), Treaty of Washington. Communities * Meeme (community), Wisconsin, Meeme is an Unincorporated area#United States, unincorporated community located west of Highway XX’s (former WIS 149) southern intersection of WIS 42. * Osman is an unincorporated community located along WIS 42 south of Highway F. * School Hill, Wisconsin, School Hill is an unincorporated community located at the intersections of Highways M, X, and Marken Road. * Spring Valley is an unincorporated community located west of WIS 42. Like Meeme to the south, both were previously served by WIS 42 prior to 1956.Manitowoc County, Atlas: Wisconsin State Atlas 1956 Highway Maps, Wisconsin Historical Map (historicmapworks.co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lembitu
Lembitu (Estonian language, Estonian also: Lembit, died 21 September 1217) was an ancient Estonian senior (Elder (administrative title), elder) from Sakala County and military leader in the struggle against Livonian crusade, conquest of the Estonian lands by the Germans, German Livonian Brothers of the Sword at the beginning of the 13th century. He is the only Estonian pre-Crusade ruler, about whom some biographical information is known (he is mentioned only in the Livonian Chronicle of Henry). Lembitu, also referred to in Latin as ''Lambite'', ''Lembito'' or ''Lembitus'', was first mentioned in chronicles in 1211. Troops led by Lembitu destroyed a troop of missionaries in the historical Estonian county of Sakala County, Sakala (''Sackalia'') and made a raid as far as Pskov, then a town of the Novgorod Republic. In 1215, Lembitu's Lehola (''Leal'') stronghold (situated near the present town of Suure-Jaani) was taken by Germans and Lembitu was taken prisoner. He was released in 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cake (elder)
Cake is a flour confection usually made from flour, sugar, and other ingredients and is usually baked. In their oldest forms, cakes were modifications of bread, but cakes now cover a wide range of preparations that can be simple or elaborate and which share features with desserts such as pastries, meringues, custards, and pies. The most common ingredients include flour, sugar, eggs, fat (such as butter, oil, or margarine), a liquid, and a leavening agent, such as baking soda or baking powder. Common additional ingredients include dried, candied, or fresh fruit, nuts, cocoa, and extracts such as vanilla, with numerous substitutions for the primary ingredients. Cakes can also be filled with fruit preserves, nuts, or dessert sauces (like custard, jelly, cooked fruit, whipped cream, or syrups), iced with buttercream or other icings, and decorated with marzipan, piped borders, or candied fruit. Cake is often served as a celebratory dish on ceremonial occasions, such as wedd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melete (elder)
In Greek mythology, Melete () was one of the three original Boeotian muses before the Nine Olympian Muses were founded. Her sisters were Aoede and Mneme. She was the muse of thought and meditation. Melete literally means "ponder" and "contemplation" in Greek. According to Pausanias in the later 2nd century AD, there were three original Muses: Aoidē ("song" or "voice"), Meletē ("practice"), and Mnēmē ("memory"). Together, these three form the complete picture of the preconditions of poetic art in cult practice. In Delphi three Muses were worshipped as well, but with other names: Nētē, Mesē, and Hypatē, which are the names of the three chords of the ancient musical instrument, the lyre. Alternatively they were called Cēphisso, Apollonis, and Borysthenis, whose names characterise them as daughters of Apollo. In later tradition, four Muses were recognized: Thelxinoē, Aoedē, Archē, and Meletē, said to be daughters of Zeus and Plusia (or of Uranus). See also *56 Mele ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
