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Rufio (officer Of Caesar)
Rufio was an officer of the Roman general and statesman Julius Caesar. In 47 BC he was appointed by Caesar as commander-in-chief of the three Roman legions that were stationed in Egypt. Rufio was the son of a freedman and came in 48 BC as a member of Caesar's army to Egypt. After Caesar intervened in the Ptolemaic struggle for the throne between the siblings Cleopatra and Ptolemy XIII and won the Alexandrian war against Ptolemy XIII and his allies (January 47 BC), he stationed three legions in Egypt to safeguard his victory. These troops of the 27th, 37th, and 39th legion served to protect but also keep in check the rule of Cleopatra, who had become Caesar's mistress and now reigned as allied queen. Contrary to tradition, Caesar did not appoint a senator as supreme commander of the Roman occupying army but his reliable officer Rufio. The main reason for this nomination was that Caesar feared that an influential senator, left behind in Egypt as commander-in-chief, could use the eco ...
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Brackets
A bracket is either of two tall fore- or back-facing punctuation marks commonly used to isolate a segment of text or data from its surroundings. Typically deployed in symmetric pairs, an individual bracket may be identified as a 'left' or 'right' bracket or, alternatively, an "opening bracket" or "closing bracket", respectively, depending on the directionality of the context. Specific forms of the mark include parentheses (also called "rounded brackets"), square brackets, curly brackets (also called 'braces'), and angle brackets (also called 'chevrons'), as well as various less common pairs of symbols. As well as signifying the overall class of punctuation, the word "bracket" is commonly used to refer to a specific form of bracket, which varies from region to region. In most English-speaking countries, an unqualified word "bracket" refers to the parenthesis (round bracket); in the United States, the square bracket. Various forms of brackets are used in mathematics, with ...
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Expansion Pack
An expansion pack, expansion set, supplement, or simply expansion is an addition to an existing role-playing game, tabletop game, video game or collectible card game. These add-ons usually add new game areas, weapons, objects, characters, or an extended storyline to an already-released game. While board game expansions are typically designed by the original creator, video game developers sometimes contract out development of the expansion pack to a third-party company, it may choose to develop the expansion itself, or it may do both. Board games and tabletop RPGs may have been marketing expansions since the 1970s, and video games have been releasing expansion packs since the 1980s, early examples being the '' Dragon Slayer'' games '' Xanadu Scenario II'' and '' Sorcerian''. Other terms for the concept are module and, in certain games' marketing, adventure. Characteristics The price of an expansion pack is usually much less than that of the original game. As expansion packs c ...
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Friedrich Münzer
Friedrich Münzer (22 April 1868 – 20 October 1942) was a German classical scholar noted for the development of prosopography, particularly for his demonstrations of how family relationships in ancient Rome connected to political struggles. He died in Theresienstadt concentration camp. Biography He was born at Oppeln, Silesia (now Opole, Poland), into a Jewish merchant family, went to Leipzig University and then in 1887 to Berlin University, where he wrote his thesis ''De Gente Valeria'' under the supervision of Otto Hirschfeld. In 1893 he traveled to Rome, where Georg Wissowa recruited him to write biographical articles for the '' Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft''. From there he went to Athens and participated in excavations on the Acropolis. He also met Clara Engels there; they were married two years later, on 4 September 1897. Meanwhile, Münzer had been appointed as an unsalaried lecturer at University of Basel in 1896; he and Clara were supported ...
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Michael Grant (author)
Michael Grant (21 November 1914 – 4 October 2004) was an English classicist, numismatist, and author of numerous books on ancient history. His 1956 translation of Tacitus's '' Annals of Imperial Rome'' remains a standard of the work. Having studied and held a number of academic posts in the United Kingdom and the Middle East, he retired early to devote himself fully to writing. He once described himself as "one of the very few freelancers in the field of ancient history: a rare phenomenon". As a populariser, his hallmarks were his prolific output and his unwillingness to oversimplify or talk down to his readership. He published over 70 works. Biography Grant was born in London, the son of Col. Maurice Grant who served in the Boer War and later wrote part of its official history. Young Grant attended Harrow and read classics (1933–37) at Trinity College, Cambridge. His speciality was academic numismatics. His research fellowship thesis later became his first published book ...
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Basil Sidney
Basil Sydney (23 April 1894 – 10 January 1968) was an English stage and screen actor. Career Sydney made his name in 1915 in the London stage hit '' Romance'' by Edward Sheldon, with Broadway star Doris Keane, and he costarred with Keane in the 1920 silent film of the play. The couple married in 1918, and when Keane revived ''Romance'' in New York City in 1921, Sydney made his Broadway debut in the parts. He stayed in New York for over a decade playing classical roles such as Mercutio in ''Romeo and Juliet'' (1922), Richard Dudgeon in '' The Devil's Disciple'' (1923), the title role in ''Hamlet'' (1923), Prince Hal in '' Henry IV, Part I'' (1926), and Petruchio in '' Taming of the Shrew'' (1927). In 1937 he starred in the murder mystery '' Blondie White'' in the West End. He made over 50 screen appearances, most memorably as Claudius in Laurence Olivier's 1948 film of ''Hamlet.'' He also appeared in classic films like '' Treasure Island'' (1950), ''Ivanhoe'' (1952), and ' ...
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George Bernard Shaw
George Bernard Shaw (26 July 1856 – 2 November 1950), known at his insistence simply as Bernard Shaw, was an Irish playwright, critic, polemicist and political activist. His influence on Western theatre, culture and politics extended from the 1880s to his death and beyond. He wrote more than sixty plays, including major works such as ''Man and Superman'' (1902), ''Pygmalion (play), Pygmalion'' (1913) and ''Saint Joan (play), Saint Joan'' (1923). With a range incorporating both contemporary satire and historical allegory, Shaw became the leading dramatist of his generation, and in 1925 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. Born in Dublin, Shaw moved to London in 1876, where he struggled to establish himself as a writer and novelist, and embarked on a rigorous process of self-education. By the mid-1880s he had become a respected theatre and music critic. Following a political awakening, he joined the Gradualism (politics), gradualist Fabian Society and became its most pr ...
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Martin Landau
Martin James Landau (; June 20, 1928 – July 15, 2017) was an American actor, acting coach, producer, and editorial cartoonist. His career began in the 1950s, with early film appearances including a supporting role in Alfred Hitchcock's '' North by Northwest'' (1959) opposite Cary Grant. He played regular roles in the television series '' Mission: Impossible'' (1966–1969) and '' Space: 1999'' (1975–1977). Landau received the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture, as well as his first nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor, for his role in '' Tucker: The Man and His Dream'' (1988); he received his second Oscar nomination for his performance in Woody Allen's '' Crimes and Misdemeanors'' (1989). His performance in the supporting role of Bela Lugosi in '' Ed Wood'' (1994) earned him an Academy Award, a Screen Actors Guild Award and a Golden Globe Award. He continued to perform in film and television, and headed the Hollywood branch ...
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Cleopatra (1963 Film)
''Cleopatra'' is a 1963 American epic historical drama film directed by Joseph L. Mankiewicz, with a screenplay adapted by Mankiewicz, Ranald MacDougall and Sidney Buchman from the 1957 book ''The Life and Times of Cleopatra'' by Carlo Maria Franzero, and from histories by Plutarch, Suetonius, and Appian. The film stars Elizabeth Taylor in the eponymous role. Richard Burton, Rex Harrison, Roddy McDowall, and Martin Landau are featured in supporting roles. It chronicles the struggles of Cleopatra, the young queen of Egypt, to resist the imperial ambitions of Rome. Walter Wanger had long contemplated producing a biographical film about Cleopatra. In 1958, his production company partnered with Twentieth Century Fox to produce the film. Following an extensive casting search, Elizabeth Taylor signed on to portray the title role for a record-setting salary of $1 million. Rouben Mamoulian was hired as director, and the script underwent numerous revisions from Nigel Balc ...
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John Bowe (actor)
John Bowe (born John Wilson, 1 February 1950) is a British actor best known for his roles in ''Emmerdale'' as Lawrence White and ''Coronation Street'' as Duggie Ferguson. Early life and career Bowe was born in Greasby, on the Wirral in Cheshire, England. His highest profile role was probably that of George Marlow in the first ''Prime Suspect'' serial in 1991. He also played Duggie Ferguson in ''Coronation Street'' from 1999 to 2002, having previously appeared in another of Granada TV's soap operas, '' Families''. Other TV credits include: ''Warship'', '' Secret Army'', '' Boon'', '' The New Statesman'', ''Capital City'', ''Class Act'', ''Lovejoy'', ''Silent Witness'', '' The Royal'', '' Dalziel and Pascoe'', ''Cleopatra'' and '' Einstein and Eddington'', '' Tipping the Velvet'', '' The Hour'' and ''DCI Banks'' and ''Soldier Soldier.'' Film credits include '' The Living Daylights'' (1987), '' Resurrected'' (1989), '' County Kilburn'' (2000) and ''Gozo'' (2015). In 2007, Bow ...
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Cleopatra (miniseries)
''Cleopatra'' is a 1999 miniseries adaptation of Margaret George's 1997 historical fiction novel ''The Memoirs of Cleopatra''. Produced by Hallmark Entertainment, it stars Leonor Varela as the Egyptian queen Cleopatra, Timothy Dalton as Julius Caesar, Billy Zane as Mark Antony, Rupert Graves as Octavius, Sean Pertwee as Brutus and Bruce Payne as Cassius. ''Cleopatra'' was shown first on the ABC television network in two parts on two consecutive evenings in May 1999 and then released on videotape and DVD. Judy Farr, Martin Hitchcock and Frank Walsh were nominated for an Emmy in 1999 for outstanding art direction for a miniseries or a movie for their work on ''Cleopatra''. Plot In 47 BC, Egypt is in civil war. Cleopatra VII, Egypt's rightful Queen, is in exile, while her sister Arsinoe and brother, Ptolemy have stolen the throne. Roman general Julius Caesar comes to Alexandria to collect Egypt's tax debt. Cleopatra smuggles herself into the palace wrapped in a carpet; a gift ...
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Bayek Of Siwa
Bayek is a fictional character in Ubisoft's ''Assassin's Creed'' video game franchise. He serves as the protagonist of the 2017 title ''Assassin's Creed Origins'', and first appeared in the tie-in novel ''Assassin's Creed: Desert Oath'', which explores his backstory and how he became the last Medjay of ancient Egypt, a title he inherited from his father. He also makes minor appearances in '' Assassin's Creed Odyssey'', ''Assassin's Creed Valhalla'', and the spin-off mobile game ''Assassin's Creed: Rebellion''. In ''Origins'', Bayek is portrayed by British actor Abubakar Salim through performance capture. Within the series' alternate historical setting, Bayek lived during the final years of the Ptolemaic Kingdom before its annexation into the Roman Empire as a province. Born and raised in the remote oasis settlement of Siwa, hence his epithet Bayek of Siwa, he dedicates his life to protect the security and welfare of the Egyptian people. In ''Origins'', he fights occupying im ...
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