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Rhomboid Fossa
The rhomboid fossa is a rhombus-shaped depression that is the anterior part of the fourth ventricle. Its anterior wall, formed by the back of the pons and the medulla oblongata, constitutes the floor of the fourth ventricle. It is covered by a thin layer of grey matter continuous with that of the spinal cord; superficial to this is a thin lamina of neuroglia which constitutes the ependyma of the Ventricular system, ventricle and supports a layer of ciliated epithelium. Parts The fossa consists of three parts, superior, intermediate, and inferior: ;The superior part :The superior part is triangular in shape and limited laterally by the superior cerebellar peduncle; its apex, directed upward, is continuous with the cerebral aqueduct; its base is represented by an imaginary line at the level of the upper ends of the superior foveae. ;The intermediate part :The intermediate part extends from this level to that of the horizontal portions of the Taenia of fourth ventricle, taeniae of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hindbrain
The hindbrain, rhombencephalon (shaped like a rhombus) is a developmental categorization of portions of the central nervous system in vertebrates. It includes the medulla, pons, and cerebellum. Together they support vital bodily processes. Metencephalon Rhombomeres Rh3-Rh1 form the metencephalon. The metencephalon is composed of the pons and the cerebellum; it contains: * a portion of the fourth (IV) ventricle, * the trigeminal nerve (CN V), * abducens nerve (CN VI), * facial nerve (CN VII), * and a portion of the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII). Myelencephalon Rhombomeres Rh8-Rh4 form the myelencephalon. The myelencephalon forms the medulla oblongata in the adult brain; it contains: * a portion of the fourth ventricle, * the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), * vagus nerve (CN X), * accessory nerve (CN XI), * hypoglossal nerve (CN XII), * and a portion of the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII). Evolution The hindbrain is homologous to a part of the arthropod brain k ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sulcus Limitans
The sulcus limitans is a groove on either side of the midline in the rhomboid fossa. It separates the cranial nerve Cranial nerves are the nerves that emerge directly from the brain (including the brainstem), of which there are conventionally considered twelve pairs. Cranial nerves relay information between the brain and parts of the body, primarily to and f ... motor nuclei (located medial), and the sensory nuclei (located lateral).Nolte, John. The Human Brain 6th ed. p.685. Mosby Inc. It is parallel to the median sulcus. References External links Diagram of the sulcus limitansSectional Atlas: Pons at the Abducens Nucleus - Facial Colliculus Brainstem {{Neuroanatomy-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gracile Nucleus
The dorsal column nuclei are a pair of nuclei in the dorsal columns of the dorsal column–medial lemniscus pathway (DCML) in the brainstem. The name refers collectively to the cuneate nucleus and gracile nucleus, which are situated at the lower end of the medulla oblongata. Both nuclei contain second-order neurons of the DCML, which convey fine touch and proprioceptive information from the body to the brain via the thalamus. Structure Nerve pathways The dorsal column nuclei each have an associated nerve tract in the spinal cord, the gracile fasciculus and the cuneate fasciculus, together forming the dorsal columns. Both dorsal column nuclei contain synapses from afferent nerve fibers that have travelled in the spinal cord. They then send on second-order neurons of the dorsal column–medial lemniscal pathway. Neurons of the dorsal column nuclei eventually reach the midbrain and the thalamus. They send axons that form the internal arcuate fibers. These cross over at t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Funiculus (neuroanatomy)
A funiculus is a small bundle of axons (nerve fibres), enclosed by the perineurium. A small nerve may consist of a single funiculus, but a larger nerve will have several funiculi collected together into larger bundles known as fascicles. Fascicles are bound together in a common membrane, the epineurium. Funiculi in the spinal cord are columns of white matter. Examples include: * Anterior funiculus of the spinal cord * Lateral funiculus The most lateral of the bundles of the anterior nerve roots is generally taken as a dividing line that separates the anterolateral system into two parts. These are the anterior funiculus, between the anterior median fissure and the most lateral ... of the spinal cord * Posterior funiculus of the spinal cord See also * Funiculus separans References Neuroanatomy {{Neuroanatomy-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Funiculus Separans
The vagal trigone (ala cinerea) is a triangular eminence upon the rhomboid fossa produced by the underlying dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve. The vagal trigone is separated from the area postrema by a narrow strip of thickened ependyma – the funiculus separans. See also * Funiculus (neuroanatomy) A funiculus is a small bundle of axons (nerve fibres), enclosed by the perineurium. A small nerve may consist of a single funiculus, but a larger nerve will have several funiculi collected together into larger bundles known as fascicles. Fascicl ... References External links * https://web.archive.org/web/20070927162218/http://www.ib.amwaw.edu.pl/anatomy/atlas/image_04be.htm Brainstem {{Neuroanatomy-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glossopharyngeal Nerves
The glossopharyngeal nerve (), also known as the ninth cranial nerve, cranial nerve IX, or simply CN IX, is a cranial nerve that exits the brainstem from the sides of the upper medulla, just anterior (closer to the nose) to the vagus nerve. Being a mixed nerve (sensorimotor), it carries afferent sensory and efferent motor information. The motor division of the glossopharyngeal nerve is derived from the basal plate of the embryonic medulla oblongata, whereas the sensory division originates from the cranial neural crest. Structure From the anterior portion of the medulla oblongata, the glossopharyngeal nerve passes laterally across or below the flocculus, and leaves the skull through the central part of the jugular foramen. From the superior and inferior ganglia in jugular foramen, it has its own sheath of dura mater. The inferior ganglion on the inferior surface of petrous part of temporal is related with a triangular depression into which the aqueduct of cochlea opens. On th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sensory Nucleus Of The Vagus
Sensory may refer to: Biology * Sensory ecology, how organisms obtain information about their environment * Sensory neuron, nerve cell responsible for transmitting information about external stimuli * Sensory perception, the process of acquiring and interpreting sensory information * Sensory receptor, a structure that recognizes external stimuli * Sensory system, part of the nervous system of organisms Business and brands * Sensory, Inc., an American speech technology company Other uses * Sensory analysis, a consumer product-testing method * Sensory garden, a self-contained garden area that allows visitors to enjoy a wide variety of sensory experiences * Sensory play, an act where senses are engaged to increase erotic pleasure See also * Sensor * Sense (other) A sense in biology and psychology, is a physiological mechanism that supports perception. Sense also may refer to: Music * Sense (band), a synthpop trio featuring Paul K. Joyce * Sense (FURT album), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vagal Trigone
The vagal trigone (ala cinerea) is a triangular eminence upon the rhomboid fossa produced by the underlying dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve. The vagal trigone is separated from the area postrema by a narrow strip of thickened ependyma The ependyma is the thin neuroepithelial ( simple columnar ciliated epithelium) lining of the ventricular system of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord. The ependyma is one of the four types of neuroglia in the central nervous s ... – the funiculus separans. See also * Funiculus (neuroanatomy) References External links * https://web.archive.org/web/20070927162218/http://www.ib.amwaw.edu.pl/anatomy/atlas/image_04be.htm Brainstem {{Neuroanatomy-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypoglossal Trigone
In the upper part of the medulla oblongata, the hypoglossal nucleus approaches the rhomboid fossa The rhomboid fossa is a rhombus-shaped depression that is the anterior part of the fourth ventricle. Its anterior wall, formed by the back of the pons and the medulla oblongata, constitutes the floor of the fourth ventricle. It is covered by a t ..., where it lies close to the middle line, under an eminence named the hypoglossal trigone. It is a slight elevation in the floor of the inferior recess of the fourth ventricle, beneath which is the nucleus of origin of the twelfth cranial nerve. References and the ''Free Medical Dictionary.'' External links * https://web.archive.org/web/20070927162218/http://www.ib.amwaw.edu.pl/anatomy/atlas/image_04be.htm *https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hypoglossal+trigone Cranial nerve nuclei {{neuroanatomy-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inferior Fovea
Inferior may refer to: * Inferiority complex * An Anatomical terms of location#Superior and inferior, anatomical term of location * Inferior angle of the scapula, in the human skeleton *Inferior (book), ''Inferior'' (book), by Angela Saini * ''The Inferior'', a 2007 novel by Peadar Ó Guilín * Inferior good: economics term for goods that consumers buy less of as they become wealthier (vs Normal good, "normal goods" where they buy more) See also *Junior (other) {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Facial Colliculus
The facial colliculus is an elevated area located in the pontine tegmentum (dorsal pons), within the floor of the fourth ventricle (i.e. the rhomboid fossa). It is formed by fibres from the facial motor nucleus looping over the abducens nucleus. The facial colliculus is an essential landmark of the rhomboid fossa. Anatomy The facial colliculus occurs within the rhomboid fossa (i.e. the floor of the fourth ventricle) where it is placed lateral to its (midline) median sulcus. Structure The facial colliculus is formed by brachial motor nerve fibres of the facial nerve (CN VII) looping over the (ipsilateral) abducens nucleus, forming a bump upon the surface. Clinical significance A facial colliculus lesion would result in ipsilateral facial paralysis (i.e. Bell's palsy Bell's palsy is a type of facial paralysis that results in a temporary inability to control the facial muscles on the affected side of the face. In most cases, the weakness is temporary and significantly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Substantia Ferruginea
The substantia ferruginea is an underlying patch of deeply pigmented nerve cells located in the floor of the superior part of the sulcus limitans. It was coined in 1838 and 1851. See also * Rhomboid fossa * Sulcus limitans * Locus ceruleus * Fourth ventricle The fourth ventricle is one of the four connected fluid-filled cavities within the human brain. These cavities, known collectively as the ventricular system, consist of the left and right lateral ventricles, the third ventricle, and the fourth ... References External linksAtlas Image of the Posterior View of the Floor of Fourth Ventricle Brainstem {{Neuroanatomy-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |