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René Of Anjou
René of Anjou (; ; 16 January 1409 – 10 July 1480) was Duke of Anjou and Count of Provence from 1434 to 1480, who also reigned as King of Naples from 1435 to 1442 (then Aragonese conquest of Naples, deposed). Having spent his last years in Aix-en-Provence, he is known in France as the Good King René (; ). René was a member of the House of Valois-Anjou, a cadet branch of the French royal house, and the great-grandson of John II of France. He was a prince of the blood, and for most of his adult life also the brother-in-law of the reigning king Charles VII of France. Other than the aforementioned titles, he was also Duke of Bar from the 1420s onwards and Duke of Lorraine from 1431 to 1453. Biography René was born on 16 January 1409 in the castle of Angers. He was the second son of Duke of Anjou, Duke Louis II of Anjou, Louis II of Duchy of Anjou, Anjou, King of Naples, by Yolande of Aragon, Yolanda of Kingdom of Aragon, Aragon. René was the brother of Marie of Anjou, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicolas Froment
Nicolas Froment () was a French painter of the Early Renaissance. Froment is one of the most notable representatives of the Second School of Avignon (''École d'Avignon''), a group of artists at the court of the Popes in Avignon, who were located there from 1309 to 1411. He was influenced by the Flemish style that characterizes the last phase of the Gothic. He undertook to paint an altarpiece 12 February 1470 in Aix for a rich widow called Catherine Spifami; in the center of the panel is a depicting the ''Death of Mary'', and on the side panels, the Saints Mary Magdalene and Catherine are shown. He was attributed a number of works from this timetime, but none of these attributions can be considered reliable. One of the most interesting work of this group is the ''Retable des Pérussis'' or ''The Pérussis Altarpiece'', depicts the adoration of the empty cross on Golgatha, and is located at the Metropolitan Museum in New York. Works * ''The Resurrection of Lazarus'', triptyc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aix-en-Provence
Aix-en-Provence, or simply Aix, is a List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, city and Communes of France, commune in southern France, about north of Marseille. A former capital of Provence, it is the Subprefectures in France, subprefecture of the arrondissement of Aix-en-Provence, in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône, in the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. The population of Aix-en-Provence is approximately 145,000. Its inhabitants are called ''Aixois'' or, less commonly, ''Aquisextains''. History Aix (''Aquae Sextiae'') was founded in 123 BC by the Roman consul Gaius Sextius Calvinus, Sextius Calvinus, who gave his name to its springs, following the destruction of the nearby Gauls, Gallic oppidum at Entremont (oppidum), Entremont. In 102 BC its vicinity was the scene of the Battle of Aquae Sextiae, where the Romans under Gaius Marius defeated the Ambrones and Teutones, with mass suicides among the captured women, which passed into Roman legends of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles VII Of France
Charles VII (22 February 1403 – 22 July 1461), called the Victorious () or the Well-Served (), was King of France from 1422 to his death in 1461. His reign saw the end of the Hundred Years' War and a ''de facto'' end of the English claims to the French throne. During the Hundred Years' War, Charles VII inherited the throne of France under desperate circumstances. Forces of the Kingdom of England and the duke of Burgundy occupied Guyenne and northern France, including Paris, the capital and most populous city, and Reims, the city in which French kings were traditionally crowned. In addition, his father, Charles VI, had disinherited him in 1420 and recognized Henry V of England and his heirs as the legitimate successors to the French crown. At the same time, a civil war raged in France between the Armagnacs (supporters of the House of Valois) and the Burgundian party (supporters of the House of Valois-Burgundy, which was allied to the English). With his court removed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John II Of France
John II (; 26 April 1319 – 8 April 1364), called John the Good (French: ''Jean le Bon''), was King of France from 1350 until his death in 1364. When he came to power, France faced several disasters: the Black Death, which killed between a third and a half of its population; popular revolts known as ''Jacqueries''; Free company, free companies (''Grandes Compagnies'') of routiers who plundered the country; and English aggression that resulted in catastrophic military losses, including the Battle of Poitiers of 1356, in which John was captured. While John was a prisoner in London, his son Charles V of France, Charles became regent and faced several rebellions, which he overcame. To liberate his father, he concluded the Treaty of Brétigny (1360), by which France lost many territories and paid an enormous ransom. In an exchange of hostages, which included his son Louis I, Duke of Anjou, John was released from captivity to raise funds for Ransom of John II of France, his ransom. U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aragonese Conquest Of Naples
The conquest of the Kingdom of Naples and its incorporation into the Crown of Aragon was carried out between 1435 and 1442 by King Alfonso V of Aragon. Background After the War of the Sicilian Vespers which started in 1282, Sicily was split into the Angevin "Kingdom of Sicily" (Naples) and Aragonese " Kingdom of Trinacria" (Sicily) which was reinforced by the Treaty of Villeneuve in 1372. Alfonso V's permanent ambition was always the Kingdom of Naples, and the opportunity came in 1434 and 1435 with the successive deaths of Louis III of Naples and Queen Joanna II of Naples, while heir René of Anjou was a prisoner at the court of Philip III of Burgundy since his defeat at the Battle of Bulgnéville in 1431. At the death of Louis III of Anjou, Queen Joana, who settled in Naples, found the support of the Duchy of Milan and the Papal States, irritated by the approach of Alfonso the Magnanimous to Amadeus VIII of Savoy and the Council of Basel, while the Republic of Florence a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yolande Of Aragon
Yolande of Aragon (11 August 1381 – 14 November 1442) was Duchess of Anjou and Countess of Provence by marriage, who acted as regent of Provence during the minority of her son. She was also known as Yolanda de Aragón and Violant d'Aragó. Tradition holds that she commissioned the famous Rohan Hours. Family and marriage Yolande was born in Zaragoza, Aragon, on 11 August 1381, the eldest daughter of King John I of Aragon by his second wife, Yolande of Bar, the granddaughter of King John II of France. She had three brothers and two sisters, as well as five older half-siblings from her father's first marriage to Martha of Armagnac. Yolande later played an important role in the politics of England, France, and Aragon during the first half of the 15th century. In 1387, Yolande's parents received a marriage proposal for the newly crowned King of Naples, Louis II, through his mother, Marie of Blois. When she was eleven, Yolande signed a document to disavow any promises ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis II Of Naples
Louis II (5 October 1377 – 29 April 1417) was Duke of Anjou and Count of Provence from 1384 to 1417; he claimed the Kingdom of Naples, but only ruled parts of the kingdom from 1390 to 1399. His father, Louis I of Anjouthe founder of the House of Valois-Anjouwas a younger son of King John II of France and the adopted son of Queen Joanna I of Naples. When his father died during a military campaign in Naples in 1384, Louis II was still a child. He inherited Anjou from his father, but his mother, Marie of Blois, could not convince his uncles, John, Duke of Berry and Philip II, Duke of Burgundy, to continue her husband's war for Naples. The Provençal nobles and towns refused to acknowledge Louis II as their lawful ruler, but Marie of Blois persuaded them one after another to swear fealty to him between 1385 and 1387. His cousin, King Charles VI of France decided to support Louis II's bid for Naples in 1389. After Antipope Clement VII crowned him king in Avignon on 1 November 138 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Valois-Anjou
The House of Valois-Anjou (, ) was a noble French family and cadet branch of the House of Valois. Members of the house served as monarchs of Kingdom of Naples, Naples, as well as several other territories. History The house was founded in the 1350s, when King John II of France, of the House of Valois, Valois line of House of Capet, Capetians, came to power. His paternal grandmother, Countess Margaret, Countess of Anjou, Margaret of Anjou and Maine, had been a princess of the Capetian House of Anjou or Elder Angevin Dynasty. She was the eldest daughter of King Charles II of Naples and gave Duke of Anjou, Anjou to the second son of king John II of France, Louis I of Anjou, Louis. Within a couple of decades, Queen Joanna I of Naples, Joanna of Naples, also of the Capetian House of Anjou, senior Angevin line, realized that she would remain childless. Although there were extant heirs of the senior branch, for example, the Anjou-Durazzo cadet branch, cadet line, she decided to adopt Lou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Margaret Of Anjou
Margaret of Anjou (; 23 March 1430 – 25 August 1482) was Queen of England by marriage to King Henry VI from 1445 to 1461 and again from 1470 to 1471. Through marriage, she was also nominally Queen of France from 1445 to 1453. Born in the Duchy of Lorraine into the House of Valois-Anjou, Margaret was the second eldest daughter of René of Anjou King of Naples, and Isabella, Duchess of Lorraine. Margaret was one of the principal figures in the series of dynastic civil wars known as the Wars of the Roses and at times personally led the Lancastrian faction. Some of her contemporaries, such as the Duke of Suffolk, praised "her valiant courage and undaunted spirit" and the 16th-century historian Edward Hall described her personality in these terms: "This woman excelled all other, as well in beauty and favour, as in wit and policy, and was of stomach and courage, more like to a man, than a woman". Owing to her husband's frequent bouts of insanity, Margaret ruled the kingdom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yolande, Duchess Of Lorraine
Yolande (2 November 1428 in Nancy – 23 March 1483 in Nancy) was Duchess of Lorraine (1473) and Bar (1480). She was the daughter of Isabella, Duchess of Lorraine, and René of Anjou (King of Naples, Duke of Anjou, Bar and Lorraine, Count of Provence). Though she was nominally in control of major territories, she ceded her power and titles to her husband and her son. In addition, her younger sister was Margaret of Anjou, Queen of England. In the 19th century, a romanticised version of her early life was popularised by the play '' King René's Daughter'' by Henrik Hertz, in which she is portrayed as a beautiful blind princess living in an isolated garden paradise. It was later adapted to Tchaikovsky's opera '' Iolanta''. There is no evidence that she was ever blind. Marriage and children In 1445, she married her second cousin Frederick II, Count of Vaudémont (1420–1470), at Nancy. The marriage was a dynastic alliance, arranged to end the dispute which existed between Re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis Of Anjou, Marquis Of Pont-à-Mousson
Louis of Anjou (16 October 1427 d. 1443 c.1444) was marquis of Pont-à-Mousson from 1441 to 1443. He was preceded and succeeded in the title by his father. He was the third son of René of Anjou and his first wife Isabella, Duchess of Lorraine. He and his brother Jean were given as hostages to the Burgundians in April 1432 in return for freeing their father René, who had been captured by the Burgundians. John was released, but Louis was not and he died of pneumonia in prison at the age of sixteen. He was interred at the Church of St. Anthony in Pont-à-Mousson Pont-à-Mousson () is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in north-eastern France. Its inhabitants are known as ''Mussipontains'' in French. It is an industrial town (mainly steel industry), situated on the river Moselle. Pont-à-Mou ....''The Crusade of Nicopolis, Burgundy, and the Entombment of Christ at Pont-à-Mousson'', Christoph Brachmann, Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes, Vol. 74 (2011) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
