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Razgrad Incident
Razgrad Incident refers to the destruction of the Turkish cemetery in Razgrad, Bulgaria. Tombstones were broken and buried bodies were exhumed and humiliated. Axes and shovels were used for the destruction. The incident created numerous rallies in both Turkey and Bulgaria and created discontent in both countries on the eve of the Balkan Pact. Although Ankara and Sofia were able to quickly restore relations, the situation increased nationalism in both countries and affected their minorities. From a journalistic point of view, three Turks in Bulgaria who were at the center of the spread of the news either illegally left the country or were expelled. Background Razgrad is located in the Ludogorie (Deliorman) region, where a large number of ethnic Turks live. After the 1923 Bulgarian coup d'état minority schools (including Turkish) were closed, nationalism gained more popularity in Bulgaria, in 1932 there was a pogrom against the Turkish minority in Kesarevo and in 1933 Feyzi Ef ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Razgrad
Razgrad ( ) is a city in Northeastern Bulgaria in the valley of the Beli Lom river that falls within the historical and geographical region of Ludogorie (Deliorman). It is an administrative center of Razgrad Province. Etymology The suffix "grad" means city in Bulgarian, while the origin and the meaning of the first part "raz" is obscure. During the Second Bulgarian Empire, around the present city there was a settlement, mentioned by the names of ''Hrasgrad'', ''Hrazgrad,'' and ''Hrizgrad. These names come from the name of the Bulgar and Slavic god Hors. History Razgrad was built upon the ruins of the Ancient Roman town of Abritus on the banks of the Beli Lom river. Abritus was built on a Thracian settlement of the 4th-5th century BC of unknown name. Several bronze coins of the Thracian king Seuthes III (330-300 BC) and pottery were found, as well as artifacts from other rulers and a sacrificial altar of Hercules. In 251, the town was the site of the Battle of Abr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Easter
Easter, also called Pascha ( Aramaic: פַּסְחָא , ''paskha''; Greek: πάσχα, ''páskha'') or Resurrection Sunday, is a Christian festival and cultural holiday commemorating the resurrection of Jesus from the dead, described in the New Testament as having occurred on the third day of his burial following his crucifixion by the Romans at Calvary . It is the culmination of the Passion of Jesus, preceded by Lent (or Great Lent), a 40-day period of fasting, prayer, and penance. Easter-observing Christians commonly refer to the last week of Lent, before Easter, as Holy Week, which in Western Christianity begins on Palm Sunday (marking the entrance of Jesus in Jerusalem), includes Spy Wednesday (on which the betrayal of Jesus is mourned), and contains the days of the Easter Triduum including Maundy Thursday, commemorating the Maundy and Last Supper, as well as Good Friday, commemorating the crucifixion and death of Jesus. In Eastern Christianity, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Feriköy
Feriköy is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Şişli, Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its population is 14,081 (2022). It is home to three large adjoining cemeteries, one for Roman Catholic burials, one for Protestant ones, and one for the Bulgarian community of Istanbul with an adjoining . It adjoins fashionable Bomonti, with its towering hotel blocks. See also * Feriköy S.K. * Feriköy Protestant Cemetery * Feriköy Cemetery The Feriköy Cemetery () is a burial ground situated in Feriköy quarter of Şişli district in the European part of Istanbul, Turkey. It is administered by the Metropolitan Municipality. Many prominent figures from the world of politics, sport ... References Neighbourhoods of Şişli {{Istanbul-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maçka, Istanbul
Maçka is one of the four neighbourhoods (together with Teşvikiye, Osmanbey and Pangaltı) within the Nişantaşı quarter of the Şişli district in Istanbul, Turkey. One of the five campuses of the Istanbul Technical University, the Maçka Campus, is located in Maçka. The main building of ITU's Maçka Campus was originally built in 1834 (renovated in 1873) as the Maçka Barracks (''Maçka Kışlası'') of the Ottoman Army. Design Maçka Palas (1922) designed by Giulio Mongeri in the style of Milanese palazzos houses the Emporio Armani, Armani Café and Gucci stores in the Nişantaşı quarter of Istanbul. Giulio Mongeri also designed the Italianate style Maçka Technical High School (Maçka Akif Tuncel Teknik ve Endüstri Meslek Lisesi) building right across Maçka Palas, which was originally constructed to become Italy's new embassy in Istanbul, but was granted to the Republic of Turkey after Ankara became the new Turkish capital in 1923; being used as a high school bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Istanbul University
Istanbul University, also known as University of Istanbul (), is a Public university, public research university located in Istanbul, Turkey. Founded by Mehmed II on May 30, 1453, a day after Fall of Constantinople, the conquest of Constantinople by the Turks, it was reformed as the first Education in the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman higher education institution influenced by Decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire, European approaches. The successor institution, which has been operating under its current name since 1933, is the first university in modern Turkey. The university has 58,809 undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral students studying in 112 academic units, including faculties, institutes, colleges, and vocational schools at 9 campuses. The main campus is adjacent to Beyazıt Square in Fatih, the capital district of the province, on the European side of the city. :Istanbul University alumni, Istanbul University alumni include Nobel Prize in Chemistry winner Aziz Sa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkish National Student Union
Turkish National Student Union (Turkish language, Turkish: Millî Türk Talebe Birliği; MTTB) was a Nationalism, nationalist and later Islamism, Islamist organization in Turkey. It was Turkish nationalist from 1946 to 1960s, Turkish–Islamic synthesis, Turkish nationalist and Islamist during the 1960s, and fully Islamism, Islamist from 1970 until its 1980 closure. It was originally founded in 1916, and closed on November 22, 1936, but was revivedin 1946 by Reha Köseoğlu, Tahsin Atakan, and Rehai İslam. It was headquartered in Istanbul. It was closed in 1980 after the 1980 Turkish coup d'état. It was partially revived again on March 27, 2008, under the name of Student Union Federation, although is less popular. History MTTB was first established on December 14, 1916, based on Turkish nationalism, secularism, Pan-Turkism, and Turanism. Towards the 1960s, the group shifted to Turkish–Islamic synthesis, and a large faction shifted to Islamism and left the nationalism. In 1924, u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Internal Thracian Revolutionary Organisation
The Internal Thracian Revolutionary Organisation (ITRO, , , ''VTRO'') was a Bulgarian revolutionary organisation active in Western Thrace, the eastern part of Greek Macedonia (to the Struma river) and southern Bulgaria between 1920 and 1934. Dimitar Bechev, Scarecrow Press, 2009, , p. 100. 
History The reason for the establishment of ITRO was the deplorable situation of the Thracian Bulgarians in ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sewerage
Sewerage (or sewage system) is the infrastructure that conveys sewage or surface runoff ( stormwater, meltwater, rainwater) using sewers. It encompasses components such as receiving drains, manholes, pumping stations, storm overflows, and screening chambers of the combined sewer or sanitary sewer. Sewerage ends at the entry to a sewage treatment plant or at the point of discharge into the environment. It is the system of pipes, chambers, manholes or inspection chamber, etc. that conveys the sewage or storm water. In many cities, sewage (municipal wastewater or municipal sewage) is carried together with stormwater, in a combined sewer system, to a sewage treatment plant. In some urban areas, sewage is carried separately in sanitary sewers and runoff from streets is carried in storm drains. Access to these systems, for maintenance purposes, is typically through a manhole. During high precipitation periods a sewer system may experience a combined sewer overflow event or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikola Mushanov
Nikola Stoykov Mushanov (; 12 April 1872 – 10 May 1951) was a Bulgarian liberal politician who served as prime minister and leader of the Democratic Party. He later became noted for vigorous opposition to the growth of antisemitism in the country during the Second World War. Prime minister Mushanov studied and worked in law before embarking on a career in politics. He was first elected to the Sabranie in 1902.Marshall Lee Miller, ''Bulgaria During the Second World War'', Stanford University Press, 1975, p. 205 After a career as a minister in a number of governments, Mushanov came to power on 12 October 1931 following the decision of Aleksandar Malinov to step down due to ill health. His greatest policy success came in 1932 when he managed to bring an end to the war reparations that Bulgaria had been forced to pay. Despite this, the economy remained in a poor state, whilst his policy aims of working with Kemal Atatürk towards reconciliation with Turkey also upset the righ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kardzhali
Kardzhali ( , ''Kărdžali''; ), sometimes spelt Kardžali or Kurdzhali, is List of cities and towns in Bulgaria, a town in the Eastern Rhodopes in Bulgaria, centre of Kardzhali Municipality and Kardzhali Province. The noted Kardzhali Reservoir is located nearby. It is an important regional economic hub. Geography Kardzhali is located in the low eastern part of Rhodope Mountains, on both banks of the river Arda (Maritsa tributary), Arda between the Kardzhali Reservoir to the west and the Studen Kladenets Reservoir to the east. The town is southeast of Sofia. It has a crossroad position from Thrace to the Aegean Sea—part of European transportation route 9, via the Makaza mountain pass. Climate Kardzhali has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csa), that is bordering closely on a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfa), according to the Köppen climate classification. The city has hot summers and cold winters. History Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Association Football
Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 Football player, players who almost exclusively use their feet to propel a Ball (association football), ball around a rectangular field called a Football pitch, pitch. The objective of the game is to Scoring in association football, score more goals than the opposing team by moving the ball beyond the goal line into a rectangular-framed Goal (sport), goal defended by the opposing team. Traditionally, the game has been played over two 45-minute halves, for a total match time of 90 minutes. With an estimated 250 million players active in over 200 countries and territories, it is the world's most popular sport. Association football is played in accordance with the Laws of the Game (association football), Laws of the Game, a set of rules that has been in effect since 1863 and maintained by the International Football Association Board, IFAB since 1886. The game is pla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
