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Race To The North
The Race to the North was the name given by the press to occasions in two summers of the late 19th century when British passenger trains belonging to different companies would literally race each other from London to Edinburgh over the two principal rail trunk routes connecting the English capital city to Scotland – the West Coast Main Line which runs from London Euston via Crewe and Carlisle and the East Coast Main Line route from London King's Cross via York and Newcastle. The "races" were never official and publicly the companies denied that what happened was racing at all. Results were not announced officially and the outcomes have since been hotly debated. In the 20th century there were also occasions of competition for speed on the two routes. Background The late nineteenth century was a boom time for the railways in Britain with many independent companies operating but with poor coordination between the companies' lines. Gradually merger and other formal agreements wer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Railway Race Glasgow Herald, 23 August 1895
''The'' is a grammatical article in English, denoting nouns that are already or about to be mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. ''The'' is the most frequently used word in the English language; studies and analyses of texts have found it to account for seven percent of all printed English-language words. It is derived from gendered articles in Old English which combined in Middle English and now has a single form used with nouns of any gender. The word can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with any letter. This is different from many other languages, which have different forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers. Pronunciation In most dialects, "the" is pronounced as (with the voiced dental fricative followed by a schwa) when followed by a consonant sound, and as (homophone of the archaic pronoun ''thee'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caledonian Railway
The Caledonian Railway (CR) was one of the two biggest of the five major Scottish railway companies prior to the 1923 Grouping. It was formed in 1845 with the objective of forming a link between English railways and Glasgow. It progressively extended its network and reached Edinburgh and Aberdeen, with a dense network of branch lines in the area surrounding Glasgow. It was absorbed into the London, Midland and Scottish Railway in 1923. Many of its principal routes are still used, and the original main line between Carlisle, Cumbria, Carlisle and Glasgow is in use as part of the West Coast Main Line railway (with a modified entry into Glasgow itself). Introduction In the mid-1830s, railways in England evolved from local concerns to longer routes that connected cities, and then became networks. In Scotland it was clear that this was the way forward, and there was a desire to connect the Central Belt to the incipient English network. There was controversy over the route that such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4-2-2 GNR 1001
A coxless four, abbreviated as a 4- and also called a straight four, is a racing shell used in the sport of competitive rowing. It is designed for four persons who propel the boat with sweep oars, without a coxswain. The crew consists of four rowers, each having one oar. There are two rowers on the stroke side (rower's right hand side) and two on the bow side (rower's lefthand side). As there is no coxswain, the rudder is controlled by one of the crew, normally with the rudder cable attached to the toe of one of their shoes which can pivot about the ball of the foot, moving the cable left or right. The steersman may row at bow, who has the best vision when looking over their shoulder, or on straighter courses stroke may steer, since they can point the stern of the boat at some landmark at the start of the course. The equivalent boat when it is steered by a coxswain is called a "coxed four". Racing boats (often called "shells") are long, narrow, and broadly semi-circular i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flying Scotsman (train)
The ''Flying Scotsman'' is an express passenger train service that operates between Edinburgh and London, the capitals of Scotland and England, respectively, via the East Coast Main Line. The service began in 1862 as the ''Special Scotch Express'' until it was officially adopted in 1924. It is currently operated by London North Eastern Railway. History The East Coast Main Line over which the ''Flying Scotsman'' service runs was built in the 19th century by many small railway companies, but mergers and acquisitions led to only three companies controlling the route; the North British Railway (NBR), the North Eastern Railway (NER) and the Great Northern Railway (GNR). In 1860 the three companies established the East Coast Joint Stock for through services using common vehicles, and it is from this agreement that the ''Flying Scotsman'' came about. Operation The first ''Special Scotch Express'' ran in 1862, with simultaneous departures at 10:00 from the GNR's London Ki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miles Per Hour
Miles per hour (mph, m.p.h., MPH, or mi/h) is a British imperial and United States customary unit of speed expressing the number of miles travelled in one hour. It is used in the United Kingdom, the United States, and a number of smaller countries, most of which are UK or US territories, or have close historical ties with the UK or US. Usage Road traffic Speed limits and road traffic speeds are given in miles per hour in the following jurisdictions: *Antigua and Barbuda *Bahamas *Belize *Dominica *Grenada *Liberia (occasionally) *Marshall Islands * Micronesia *Palau *Saint Kitts and Nevis *Saint Lucia * Saint Vincent and the Grenadines *United Kingdom *The following British Overseas Territories: **Anguilla **British Virgin Islands ** British Indian Ocean Territory **Cayman Islands **Falkland Islands **Montserrat **Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha **Turks and Caicos Islands *The Crown dependencies: **Bailiwick of Guernsey **Isle of Man **Jersey *United St ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
St Pancras Railway Station
St Pancras railway station (), officially known since 2007 as London St Pancras International, is a major central London railway terminus on Euston Road in the London Borough of Camden. It is the terminus for Eurostar services from Belgium, France and the Netherlands to London. It provides East Midlands Railway services to , , , and on the Midland Main Line, Southeastern high-speed trains to Kent via and , and Thameslink cross-London services to Bedford, Cambridge, Peterborough, Brighton, Horsham and Gatwick Airport. It stands between the British Library, the Regent's Canal and London King's Cross railway station, with which it shares a London Underground station, . The station was constructed by the Midland Railway (MR), to connect its extensive rail network, across the Midlands and North of England, to a dedicated line into London. After rail traffic problems following the 1862 International Exhibition, the MR decided to build a connection from Bedford to London with it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Midland Railway
The Midland Railway (MR) was a railway company in the United Kingdom from 1844 in rail transport, 1844. The Midland was one of the largest railway companies in Britain in the early 20th century, and the largest employer in Derby, where it had its headquarters. It amalgamated with several other railways to create the London, Midland and Scottish Railway at Railways Act 1921, grouping in 1923. The Midland had a large network of lines emanating from Derby, stretching to St Pancras railway station, London St Pancras, Manchester Central railway station, Manchester, Carlisle railway station, Carlisle, Birmingham Curzon Street railway station (1838–1966), Birmingham, and Bristol Temple Meads railway station, Bristol. It expanded as much through acquisitions as by building its own lines. It also operated ships from Heysham in Lancashire to Douglas, Isle of Man, Douglas and Belfast. A large amount of the Midland's infrastructure remains in use and visible, such as the Midland Main Lin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kinnaber Junction
The North British, Arbroath and Montrose Railway was a company established by the (34 & 35 Vict. c. cxxiii) to construct and operate a railway line from north of Arbroath via Montrose, Angus, Montrose to Kinnaber Junction, south of Aberdeen. The company was originally a subsidiary of the North British Railway but was absorbed into its parent in 1880. Construction of the line was delayed and, as a result of tests following the Tay Bridge disaster, one viaduct had to be dismantled and rebuilt. Rivalry between the companies on the east and west coast routes from London to Aberdeen, known as the "Race to the North", culminated in 1895 – the crucial point was at Kinnaber Junction, where the two routes converged into a single railway. Railway line Effectively a continuation of the North British line over the Tay Rail Bridge#First Tay Bridge, Tay Bridge, the single-track railway directly connected the older Arbroath and Forfar Railway with the Aberdeen Railway to the north. No ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perth Railway Station, Scotland
Perth railway station is a railway station located in the city of Perth, Scotland, Perth, Scotland, on both the Glasgow–Dundee line, Glasgow to Dundee line and the Highland Main Line. It is managed by ScotRail, who provide almost all of the services (along with London North Eastern Railway, LNER and the Caledonian Sleeper). It is sited from Carlisle, measured via Stirling railway station (Scotland), Stirling, Cumbernauld railway station, Cumbernauld and Motherwell railway station, Motherwell, and approximately from Ladybank railway station, Ladybank (thus approximately from Edinburgh Waverley railway station, Edinburgh Waverley via Kirkcaldy railway station, Kirkcaldy and Inverkeithing railway station, Inverkeithing). History Openings The station was opened (as Perth General Station) by the Scottish Central Railway (SCR) in 1848 to a design by William Tite. Originally the terminus of the SCR main line from Greenhill, Falkirk, Greenhill Junction near Glasgow, it soon be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stirling Railway Station, Scotland
Stirling railway station is a railway station located in Stirling, Scotland. It is located on the former Caledonian Railway main line between Glasgow and Perth. It is the junction for the branch line to and is also served by trains on the Edinburgh to Dunblane Line and long-distance services to Dundee and Aberdeen and to Inverness via the Highland Main Line. History Stirling was first connected to the Scottish Central Railway, with southbound services to Greenhill commencing on 1 March 1848 and northbound services to Perth on 22 May 1848. In 1853 the Stirling and Dunfermline Railway opened a station known as Stirling East, directly next to the main station. The Forth and Clyde Junction Railway opened a line to three years later serving the main station. Through services to/from the Callander and Oban Railway also served the station from 1870. Following a competition, the current station buildings were constructed by Caledonian Railway in 1912-15 by James Miller and Wil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berwick-upon-Tweed Railway Station
Berwick-upon-Tweed is a railway station on the East Coast Main Line, which runs between and . The station, situated north-west of Newcastle, serves the border town of Berwick-upon-Tweed in Northumberland, England. It is owned by Network Rail and managed by London North Eastern Railway. It is the most northerly railway station in England, being less than from the border with Scotland. The station, with its long single island platform, lies immediately to the north of the Royal Border Bridge. History In 1847, the Great Hall of Berwick Castle had to be demolished to make way for the new station (the former West Wall of the castle still marks the boundary of the now-defunct station goods yard), which opened the following year. This replaced an initial structure erected by the North British Railway, whose line from the north first reached the town in 1846. The ''Newcastle and Berwick Railway'' meanwhile reached the southern bank of the River Tweed in March 1847, but it was ano ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aberdeen Railway Station
Aberdeen railway station is the main railway station in Aberdeen, Scotland. It is the busiest railway station in Scotland north of the major cities of Edinburgh and Glasgow. It is located on Guild Street in the city centre, next to Union Square. The station is managed by ScotRail. Inter-city, regional, local and sleeper train services are provided to all parts of Great Britain by ScotRail, Caledonian Sleeper, CrossCountry and London North Eastern Railway. The station is the northern terminus of the Dundee–Aberdeen line and the southern terminus of the Aberdeen–Inverness line, and is measured from Carlisle via Perth. History Pre-nationalisation The station currently standing was built and opened in 1867, although the station today has been significantly redeveloped from the original. The station and the new Denburn Valley Line enabled the main line from the south and the commuter line from Deeside to connect with the line from the north. The lines from the south h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
