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Public Utilities Board
PUB, Singapore's National Water Agency, commonly known as PUB, an acronym for Public Utilities Board, is a Statutory boards of the Singapore Government, statutory board under the Ministry of Sustainability and the Environment of the Government of Singapore responsible for ensuring a sustainable and efficient water supply in Singapore. PUB regulates and oversees the country's entire water supply system, which comprises the water catchment systems, drainage systems, water works, pipeline network, water reclamation plants and sewage systems. In April 2020, PUB was also appointed Singapore's National Coastal Protection Agency. The nation's demand for water is about a day, with homes and non-domestic sectors consumption forming 45% and 55% of the demand respectively, and expected to double by 2060. PUB is set to meet 80% of this demand through its NEWater and desalination technologies. PUB's watershed management and treatment processes has ensured a continuous supply of clean and q ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SP Group
SP Group is a State-owned enterprise, state-owned electricity and gas distribution company in Singapore. SP Group is the corporatised entity of the former electricity and gas departments of the Public Utilities Board (Singapore), Public Utilities Board (PUB). SP Group was first incorporated as a commercial entity on 1 October 1995 as Singapore Power and Gas to take over the electricity and gas businesses of the state provider, PUB. Through its subsidiaries, the company is the sole electrical grid and gas grid operator in the country, and provides electricity and Liquefied Petroleum Gas, gas transmission, distribution services, and market support services to more than a million households in the country. It also provides sustainable energy solutions such as district cooling and heatingelectric vehicle (EV) charging network solar energy solutions anGreen Energy Techsolutions for utilities management in Singapore and the region. History PUB was initially located at City Hall, S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David J
David John Haskins (born 24 April 1957, Northampton, Northamptonshire, England), better known as David J, is a British alternative rock musician, producer, and writer. He is the bassist for the gothic rock band Bauhaus (band), Bauhaus and for Love and Rockets (band), Love and Rockets. He has composed the scores for a number of plays and films, and also wrote and directed his own plays, ''Silver for Gold (The Odyssey of Edie Sedgwick)'', in 2008, which was restaged at REDCAT in Los Angeles in 2011, and ''The Chanteuse and The Devil's Muse'' in 2011. His artwork has been shown in galleries internationally, and he has been a resident DJ at venues such as the Knitting Factory. David J has released a number of singles and solo albums, and in 1990 he released one of the first No. 1 hits on the then nascent Modern Rock Tracks charts, with "I'll Be Your Chauffeur". His most recent single, "The Day That David Bowie Died" entered the UK vinyl singles chart at number 4 in 2016. The trac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bedok Reservoir
Bedok Reservoir (, , ) is a reservoir (water), reservoir in the eastern part of Singapore, to the north of Bedok. The reservoir has a surface area of 880,000 m2, and a capacity of 12.8 million m3. The mean depth of the reservoir is 9 m, with a maximum depth of 18.2 m. The shoreline length is 4.3 km. History The reservoir was first announced in 1980 as part of a water supply scheme. It was converted from a sand quarry that was used by the Housing and Development Board (HDB). Construction of the reservoir began in 1983, with the construction of a deep pumping station and a perimeter road. The reservoir was completed in June 1985, and it began operations later that year. Reservoir Bedok Reservoir is now open to water sports activities such as wakeboarding, sailing, Forest Adventure fishing, canoeing and kayaking. This follows the Singapore Sports Council's (SSC's) efforts to allow water sport enthusiasts to make use of the various reservoirs for activities which do not compr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lower Peirce Reservoir
The Lower Peirce Reservoir (Simplified Chinese, Chinese: 贝雅士蓄水池下段 Malay language, Malay: ''Takungan Air Lower Peirce'') is one of the oldest Water reservoir, reservoirs in Singapore. It is located near MacRitchie Reservoir and Upper Peirce Reservoir. Previously known as Kallang River Reservoir or Peirce Reservoir, it was renamed Lower Peirce Reservoir after the creation of Upper Peirce Reservoir. It has a surface area of 59 hectares and the surrounding forest contains many trees that are over 100 years old. There is a Lower Peirce Trail, which is a 900-metre boardwalk that takes visitors through a mature secondary forest. The reservoir is the source of the Kallang River, the longest river in Singapore. There is also a park, Lower Peirce Reservoir Park, which overlooks the reservoir. History Originally known as the Kallang River Reservoir, Singapore's second reservoir was impounded across the lower reaches of the Kallang River in 1910. In 1922, it was renamed Pei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Upper Peirce Reservoir
Upper Peirce Reservoir ( Chinese: 贝雅士蓄水池上段) is Singapore's fourth reservoir. The 6-hectare Upper Peirce Reservoir Park overlooks the Upper Peirce Reservoir. History Originally known as the Kallang River Reservoir, Singapore's second reservoir was impounded across the lower reaches of the Kalang River in 1910. In 1922, it was renamed Peirce Reservoir in commendation of the services of Robert Peirce, who was the municipal engineer of Singapore from 1901 to 1916. In late 1960s, due to increasing demand for water and the need to increase the capacity of Peirce Reservoir, a higher dam was constructed upstream of the existing dam at Peirce Reservoir in 1970. In 1975, a major water supply project to develop new water resources was undertaken to support Singapore's rapid housing and industrialisation programmes. A dam was constructed at the upper reaches of the Peirce Reservoir, forming the Upper and Lower Peirce Reservoirs. Upper Peirce Reservoir was officially opene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MacRitchie Reservoir
MacRitchie Reservoir is Singapore's oldest reservoir and was the first water supply system implemented in Singapore. The reservoir was mostly completed in 1867 by impounding water with an earth embankment, and was then known as the Impounding Reservoir. It was later renamed Thomson Road Reservoir in 1907 before finally named MacRitchie Reservoir after James MacRitchie in 1922. History Background After a trading post was established by the British in Singapore in 1819, the number of trading vessels and migrants arriving at Singapore grew rapidly. Singapore was dependent on existing wells to supply fresh water and it became inadequate due to increased demand by the new arrivals. By 1823, to cope with the increased demand of fresh water, British Resident John Crawfurd proposed to build a reservoir and waterworks. In 1852, government surveyor John Turnbull Thomson proposed plans to increase fresh water supplies such as damming the “Singapore Creek”, or building reservoirs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jurong Lake
Jurong Lake (; ; ) is a 70ha freshwater lake and reservoir located in the western region of Singapore formed with the damming of Sungei Jurong further downstream. The lake serves as a reservoir contributing to the water supply of the country. It lies next to the Lakeside MRT station, which derived its name from this geographical feature. The lake is surrounded by parkland, which serves as a recreational ground for nearby residents in Jurong East and Jurong West New Towns. A landscaped sanctuary called Jurong Lake Park was built around the perimeter of the lake and work was completed in January 2006. Also, a 2.8 kilometre water promenade along Jurong Lake Park would allow residents to participate in watersports. The inner running track starting from Chinese garden bridge and back is 3.4 kilometers in length. As is the case for most other reservoirs in Singapore, swimming is currently illegal in the lake, although this may change in line with the Singapore government's liberalis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kranji Reservoir
Kranji Reservoir ( Chinese: 克兰芝蓄水池; ) is a reservoir in the northern part of Singapore, near the Straits of Johor. It was a former freshwater river that flowed out into the sea that was dammed at its mouth to form a freshwater reservoir. It can also be classified as an estuary. The dam has a road bridging the two banks, and now prevents the sea from coming in, and is home to a marsh. The former Kranji River has three main tributaries - the Sungei Peng Siang, Sungei Kangkar and Sungei Tengah. Historical significance Although known as a place for fishing and picnicking, the Kranji Reservoir Park is a historical site. A war memorial plaque tells visitors of the historical and violent past of this place. The Battle of Kranji here in February 1942 was part of the Imperial Japanese Army's plan to capture Singapore during the Second World War. Kranji Reservoir Park In 1985 it became permissible to fish in the Kranji Reservoir Park. The Park now has two fishing areas, name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pandan Reservoir
Pandan Reservoir (Simplified Chinese: 班丹蓄水池; Malay language, Malay: ''Empangan Pandan'') is a Water reservoir, reservoir located in the West Region, Singapore, West Region of Singapore. Formed by damming the mouth of List of rivers of Singapore#Canalised, Sungei Pandan, it is the largest service reservoir in Singapore providing non-potable water to the surrounding industrial areas and in particular, the Jurong#History, Jurong Industrial Estate. It is currently managed and maintained by the Public Utilities Board of Singapore. Facing the reservoir on one side is the town of Pandan Gardens and Teban Gardens along West Coast Road, while the industrial areas of Penjuru Road and Jalan Buroh flank the other faces. It is also home to the Singapore Rowing Association and Easter Rowing Club boathouse, which has its gate along Jalan Buroh. Pandan Reservoir took the name from the area which it is located at Pandan Estate. Gallery File:Pandan_Reservoir_Fishing_Jetty_Information ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Water Resource Management
Water resources are natural resources of water that are potentially useful for humans, for example as a source of drinking water supply or irrigation water. These resources can be either Fresh water, freshwater from natural sources, or water produced artificially from other sources, such as from reclaimed water (wastewater) or Desalination, desalinated water (seawater). 97% of the water on Earth is saline water, salt water and only three percent is fresh water; slightly over two-thirds of this is frozen in glaciers and polar climate, polar ice caps. The remaining unfrozen freshwater is found mainly as groundwater, with only a small fraction present above ground or in the air. Natural sources of fresh water include surface water, under river flow, groundwater and ice, frozen water. People use water resources for agriculture, agricultural, Industry (economics), industrial and household activities. Water resources are under threat from multiple issues. There is water scarcity, water p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Water Chlorination
Water chlorination is the process of adding chlorine or chlorine compounds such as sodium hypochlorite to water. This method is used to kill bacteria, viruses and other microbes in water. In particular, chlorination is used to prevent the spread of waterborne diseases such as cholera, dysentery, and typhoid. History In a paper published in 1894, it was formally proposed to add chlorine to water to render it "germ-free". Two other authorities endorsed this proposal and published it in many other papers in 1895. Early attempts at implementing water chlorination at a water treatment plant were made in 1893 in Hamburg, Germany. In 1897 the town of Maidstone, England was the first to have its entire water supply treated with chlorine. Permanent water chlorination began in 1905, when a faulty slow sand filter and a contaminated water supply caused a serious typhoid fever epidemic in Lincoln, England. Alexander Cruickshank Houston used chlorination of the water to stop the epidem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rapid Gravity Filter
The rapid sand filter or rapid gravity filter is a type of filter used in water purification and is commonly used in municipal drinking water facilities as part of a multiple-stage treatment system. These systems are complex and expensive to operate and maintain, and therefore less suitable for small communities and developing nations. History Rapid sand filters were first developed in the 1890s, and improved designs were developed by the 1920s. The first modern rapid sand filtration plant was designed and built by George W. Fuller in Little Falls, New Jersey. Rapid sand filters were widely used in large municipal water systems by the 1920s, because they required smaller land areas compared to slow sand filters. Design and operation Rapid sand filters are typically designed as part of multi-stage treatment systems used by large municipalities. These systems are complex and expensive to operate and maintain, and therefore less suitable for small communities and developing nat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
