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Propaganda Of Success
Propaganda of success is propaganda that exaggerates positive outcomes. Characteristics Propaganda of success is characterized by an exaggeration of political successes and economic results. Its goal is to mislead recipients about the factual state of the situation. It portrays an idealized version of life in which everything is better than in reality. For that, it requires the recipient to be poorly informed about the factual state. Propaganda of success only allows limited criticism, usually the type that can lead to quick and easy solutions, or on the opponents of the existing system which can be blamed for existing inefficiencies. Propaganda of success often employs mass media and censorship. Usage The term ("propaganda sukcesu" in Polish) has been used with reference to the propaganda in the People's Republic of Poland of the 1970s (particularly from December 1974), during the rule of Polish United Workers Party secretary Edward Gierek. Poland was portrayed as a modern countr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Propaganda
Propaganda is communication that is primarily used to influence or persuade an audience to further an agenda, which may not be objective and may be selectively presenting facts to encourage a particular synthesis or perception, or using loaded language to produce an emotional rather than a rational response to the information that is being presented. Propaganda can be found in a wide variety of different contexts. Beginning in the twentieth century, the English term ''propaganda'' became associated with a Psychological manipulation, manipulative approach, but historically, propaganda had been a neutral descriptive term of any material that promotes certain opinions or ideology, ideologies. A wide range of materials and media are used for conveying propaganda messages, which changed as new technologies were invented, including paintings, cartoons, posters, pamphlets, films, radio shows, TV shows, and websites. More recently, the digital age has given rise to new ways of dissemina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shortage Economy
In economics, a shortage or excess demand is a situation in which the demand for a product or service exceeds its supply in a market. It is the opposite of an excess supply ( surplus). Definitions In a perfect market (one that matches a simple microeconomic model), an excess of demand will prompt sellers to increase prices until demand at that price matches the available supply, establishing market equilibrium. In economic terminology, a shortage occurs when for some reason (such as government intervention, or decisions by sellers not to raise prices) the price does not rise to reach equilibrium. In this circumstance, buyers want to purchase more at the market price than the quantity of the good or service that is available, and some non-price mechanism (such as "first come, first served" or a lottery) determines which buyers are served. So in a perfect market the only thing that can cause a shortage is price. In common use, the term "shortage" may refer to a situat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Idealism
Idealism in philosophy, also known as philosophical realism or metaphysical idealism, is the set of metaphysics, metaphysical perspectives asserting that, most fundamentally, reality is equivalent to mind, Spirit (vital essence), spirit, or consciousness; that reality is entirely a mental construct; or that ideas are the highest type of reality or have the greatest claim to being considered "real".Goldschmidt et al. 2017, p. ix. Because there are different types of idealism, it is difficult to define the term uniformly. Indian philosophy contains some of the first defenses of idealism, such as in Vedanta and in Shaivism, Shaiva Pratyabhijna, Pratyabhijña thought. These systems of thought argue for an all-pervading consciousness as the true nature and ground of reality. Idealism is also found in some streams of Mahayana Buddhism, such as in the Yogachara, Yogācāra school, which argued for a "mind-only" (''cittamatra'') philosophy on an analysis of subjective experience. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Propaganda In The Soviet Union
Propaganda in the Soviet Union was the practice of state-directed communication aimed at promoting class conflict, proletarian internationalism, the goals of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, and the party itself. The main Soviet censorship body, Glavlit, was employed not only to eliminate any undesirable printed materials but also "to ensure that the correct ideological spin was put on every published item." After the death of Joseph Stalin, punitive measures were replaced by Punitive psychiatry in the Soviet Union, punitive psychiatry, prison, denial of work, and loss of citizenship. Theory of propaganda According to historian Peter Kenez, "the Russian socialists have contributed nothing to the theoretical discussion of the techniques of mass persuasion. ... The Bolsheviks never looked for and did not find devilishly clever methods to influence people's minds, to brainwash them." Kenez says this lack of interest "followed from their notion of propaganda. They thought ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Propaganda In The Polish People's Republic
Communist propaganda played an important role in the Polish People's Republic, one of the largest and most important satellite states of the Soviet Union following WWII. Together with the use of force and terror it was instrumental in keeping the country's communist government in power and was designed to shape Polish society into a communist one. Starting from the 1970s, Polish propaganda was significantly altered and then dominated by the form known as " propaganda of success". Themes Allies Polish diaspora PZPR propaganda usually expressed a positive view of Polish Americans and tried to convince them to immigrate back to Poland. The PZPR criticized the Polish diaspora as a whole for not joining the Polish Armed Forces during the 1939 Invasion of Poland. Enemies United States The propagandists of the Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR) declared the United States to be the "foremost capitalist" of the capitalist countries and criticized it extensively. Accordin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glasnost
''Glasnost'' ( ; , ) is a concept relating to openness and transparency. It has several general and specific meanings, including a policy of maximum openness in the activities of state institutions and freedom of information and the inadmissibility of hushing up problems. In Russian, the word ''glasnost'' has long been used to mean 'openness' and 'transparency'. In the mid-1980s, it was popularised by Mikhail Gorbachev as a political slogan for increased government transparency in the Soviet Union within the framework of ''perestroika'', and the word came to be used in English in the latter meaning. Historical usage In the Russian Empire of the late-19th century, the term was used in its direct meanings of "openness" and "publicity" and applied to politics and the judicial system. Some reforms were introduced permitting attendance of the press and the public at trials. After some liberalization under Alexander II of Russia, the openness of trials started to be restricted ag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Propaganda
Propaganda in the Soviet Union was the practice of state-directed communication aimed at promoting class conflict, proletarian internationalism, the goals of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, and the party itself. The main Soviet censorship body, Glavlit, was employed not only to eliminate any undesirable printed materials but also "to ensure that the correct ideological spin was put on every published item." After the death of Joseph Stalin, punitive measures were replaced by punitive psychiatry, prison, denial of work, and loss of citizenship. Theory of propaganda According to historian Peter Kenez, "the Russian socialists have contributed nothing to the theoretical discussion of the techniques of mass persuasion. ... The Bolsheviks never looked for and did not find devilishly clever methods to influence people's minds, to brainwash them." Kenez says this lack of interest "followed from their notion of propaganda. They thought of propaganda as part of education." ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Solidarity
Solidarity (, pronounced ), a Polish non-governmental trade union, was founded on August 14, 1980, at the Lenin Shipyards (now Gdańsk Shipyards) by Lech Wałęsa and others. In the early 1980s, it became the first independent labor union in an Eastern Bloc country. Solidarity gave rise to a broad, non-violent, anti-Communist social movement that, at its height, claimed some 9.4 million members. It is considered to have contributed greatly to the Revolutions of 1989. The People's Republic of Poland attempted to destroy the union by instituting martial law on 13 December 1981, followed by several years of political repression but in the end was forced into negotiation. The Roundtable Talks (6 February to 5 April 1989) between the Communist government and the Solidarity-led opposition resulted in semi-free elections of 1989. By the end of August 1989, a Solidarity-led coalition government had been formed, and Wałęsa was elected president in December 1990. This was soon f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Television Series
A television show, TV program (), or simply a TV show, is the general reference to any content produced for viewing on a television set that is broadcast via over-the-air, satellite, and cable, or distributed digitally on streaming platforms. This generally excludes breaking news or advertisements that are aired between shows or between segments of a show. A regularly recurring show is called a television series, and an individual segment of such a series is called an episode. Content is produced either in-house on a television stage with multiple cameras or produced by contract with film production companies. Episodes are usually broadcast in annual sets, which are called seasons in North America and series in other regions. A one-off television show may be called a television special, while a short series of episodes is a miniseries. A television film, or telefilm, is a feature film created for transmitting on television. Television shows are most often scheduled ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mass Media
Mass media include the diverse arrays of media that reach a large audience via mass communication. Broadcast media transmit information electronically via media such as films, radio, recorded music, or television. Digital media comprises both Internet and mobile mass communication. Internet media comprise such services as email, social media sites, websites, and Internet-based radio and television. Many other mass media outlets have an additional presence on the web, by such means as linking to or running TV ads online, or distributing QR codes in outdoor or print media to direct mobile users to a website. In this way, they can use the easy accessibility and outreach capabilities the Internet affords, as thereby easily broadcast information throughout many different regions of the world simultaneously and cost-efficiently. Outdoor media transmits information via such media as augmented reality (AR) advertising; billboards; blimps; flying billboards (signs in tow of airpl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Radio And Television
Committee of Radio and Television "Polish Radio and Television" () (also called as a Radiocomittee - Radiokomitet) was an institution, which managed all stations of Polish Television and Polish Radio in Polish People's Republic (PRL), and in the early days of the Poland, Third Polish Republic. It was replaced by two w:simple:Sole-shareholder company of the State Treasury, sole-shareholder companies of the State Treasury in 1993 — Polskie Radio, Polish Radio and Telewizja Polska, Polish Television. External links Polish Television Television in Poland Polskie Radio {{Poland-tv-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maciej Szczepański
Maciej (Polish pronunciation: ) is a Polish given name, the etymological equivalent of Matthias. Its diminutive forms are Maciek, Maciuś. Namedays according to Polish calendar: 30 January, 24 February, 14 May Maciej may refer to: Arts and entertainment * Maciej Cieślak (born 1969), Polish guitarist and songwriter * Maciej Dunal (1953–2014), Polish actor and singer * Maciej Fortuna (born 1982), Polish jazz trumpeter, composer and musical educator * Maciej Jachowski (born 1977), Polish actor * Maciej Kozłowski (1957–2010), Polish actor * Maciej Łukaszczyk (1934–2014), Polish pianist * Maciej Maleńczuk (born 1961), Polish singer, guitarist and poet * Maciej Małecki (born 1940), Polish composer and pianist * Maciej Musiał (born 1995), Polish actor * Maciej Silski (born 1976), Polish singer * Maciej Stuhr (born 1975), Polish actor, comedian and impressionist * Maciej Ślesicki (born 1966), Polish director and screenwriter, co-founder of the Warsaw Film School. * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
