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Prisoners' Rights
The rights of civilian and military prisoners are governed by both national and international law. International conventions include the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; the United Nations' Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners, the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Rights and advocacy by country Asia * Prisons in India * Prisoners' rights in the Middle East ** Prisoners' rights in Israel *** Palestinian prisoners of Israel ** Human rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran *** Committee for the Defense of Prisoners' Rights (Iran) *** 2010 Iranian political prisoners' hunger strike for prisoners' rights * Human rights in China ** Penal system in China ** Laogai ** Xinjiang internment camps ** Notable prisons: *** Qincheng Prison *** Tilanqiao Prison * Penal system of Japan * Malaysian Prison Department ** ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Covenant On Civil And Political Rights
The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) is a multilateral treaty that commits nations to respect the civil and political rights of individuals, including the right to life, freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, electoral rights and rights to due process and a fair trial. It was adopted by United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2200A (XXI) on 16 December 1966 and entered into force on 23 March 1976 after its thirty-fifth ratification or accession. , the Covenant has 174 parties and six more signatories without ratification, most notably the People's Republic of China and Cuba; North Korea is the only state that has tried to withdraw. The ICCPR is considered a seminal document in the history of international law and human rights, forming part of the International Bill of Human Rights, along with the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). Complia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tilanqiao Prison
The Tilanqiao Prison (), formerly known as the Ward Road Gaol or Shanghai Municipal Gaol, is a former prison in Hongkou District of Shanghai, China. Originally built in the foreign-controlled Shanghai International Settlement, following the Chinese Communist Revolution it was run by the Ministry of Public Security. Throughout the first forty or so years of its life it was the largest prison in the world and earned a reputation as the "Alcatraz of the Orient". Ward Road Gaol period (1903–1941) Tilanqiao Prison was built to hold those convicted of crimes in Shanghai's International Settlement. Prior to its construction foreign convicts were held in ad hoc prisons within their consulates (or, if British, the Amoy Road Gaol) until they could be returned to their home country, and Chinese citizens were handed over to the native Chinese authorities. In 1901, however, with the growing size of the International Settlement and, in the aftermath of the Boxer Rebellion, a fear the Qing g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crime In Italy
Crime in Italy, though low compared to other developed countries, is present in various forms throughout the nation. Italy is notorious for its organized crime groups, which are present worldwide and collectively referred to as the Organized crime in Italy, Mafia. Resultantly, financial crimes like corruption, extortion, and theft are the most common type of illicit activity in the country. Violent crimes are very rare in Italy evidenced by its List of countries by intentional homicide rate, homicide rate of 0.51 per 100,000 inhabitants in 2021, which is the lowest in Europe aside from micro states like Crime in Vatican City, Vatican City and San Marino, and one of the lowest in the world.“Vittime di Omicidio , Anno 2021.” 24 November 2022. ''Istituto Nazionale di Statistica''. (31 December 2023). Description Overview Within Europe, Italy is placed at eighth in terms of law enforcement per 100 thousand people, surpassing the continental average of 335 units. Italy is kno ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prisons In Germany
Prisons in Germany are a set of penal institutions in the Federal Republic of Germany. Their purpose is rehabilitation--to enable prisoners to lead a life of "social responsibility without committing criminal offenses" upon release--and public safety. Prisons are administered by each federal state , but governed by an overarching federal law. There are 183 prisons in all, with the most located in Germany's most populous states Bavaria and North Rhine-Westphalia. In 2022, the total number of prisoners in Germany was 56,325, an incarceration rate of 67 per 100,000 people. Prisoners in Germany are given different freedoms and responsibilities. Most prisoners are obligated to perform paid work in an effort to promote resocialization efforts. Often, prisoners have television, posters hanging in their cells, private bathrooms, and free time in which they can roam around outside their cells. These conditions, along with the focus on rehabilitation, have resulted in advocates using German ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prison Conditions In France
A prison is a place where people condemned to a custodial sentence or awaiting their trial are held against their will. Prisons are also used to try to reintegrate inmates into society in order to prevent recidivism. French prisons are overflowing and the penitentiary personnel is understaffed. In 2003 the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture (CPT), an organ of the Council of Europe, reported "inhumane and degrading treatment" in French prisons.Council of Europe, 2003, ''European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and punishments, Inhuman and degrading treatments.'' The French prison system The types of prisons depend on the type of criminals they hold. Firstly, the ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Re-education Camp (Vietnam)
Re-education camps () were labor camp, prison camps operated by the Communist Party of Vietnam, communist Republic of South Vietnam, Việt Cộng and Socialist Republic of Vietnam following the end of the Vietnam War. In these camps, the government imprisoned at least 200,000-300,000 former military officers, government workers and supporters of the former government of South Vietnam. Other estimates put the number of inmates who passed through "re-education" as high as 500,000 to 1 million. The high end estimate of 1 million is often attributed to a mistranslated statement by Prime Minister of Vietnam, Prime Minister Phạm Văn Đồng, Pham Van Dong, and is considered excessive by many scholars. "Re-education" as it was implemented in Vietnam was seen as both a means of revenge and as a sophisticated technique of political repression, repression and indoctrination. Torture was common in the re-education camps. Prisoners were incarcerated for periods ranging from weeks to 18 years ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prisons In Pakistan
Prisons in Pakistan and their administration, is a Provincial competency under the Constitution of Pakistan. Pakistan has the 23rd largest prison population in the world and the 5th largest death row population. Around 64.5% of prisoners are awaiting trial prisoners. 98.6% of prisoners are male, 1.7% are juveniles and 1.2% of those held are foreign citizens. With a total inmate population of 102,026 distributed across 128 correctional facilities spanning the four provinces, Gilgit-Baltistan, and Azad Jammu and Kashmir, the country's prison system grapples with severe operational pressures, further exacerbated by the fact that over three-quarters of the prison population, 74,918 individuals, remain under trial. Types of prisons The most common and standard jail institutions are Central Jails, District Jails and Sub Jails. The other types of jail establishments are Women Jails, Borstal Schools, and Special Jails. Rehabilitation and diversion programs remain largely neglected, wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hoeryong Concentration Camp
Hoeryong concentration camp (Haengyong concentration camp or Camp 22) was a concentration and death camp in North Korea that was reported to have been closed in 2012. The official name was Kwalliso (penal labour colony) No. 22. The camp was a maximum security area, completely isolated from the outside world. In 2012, satellite image analysis and reports indicated major changes including its reported closure. Location Camp 22 was located in Hoeryong County, North Hamgyong province, in northeast North Korea, near the border with China. It was situated in a large valley with many side valleys, surrounded by high mountains. The southwest gate of the camp was located around northeast of downtown Hoeryong, while the main gate was located around southeast of Kaishantun in China's Jilin province. The western boundary of the camp runs parallel to, and at a distance of from, the Tumen River, which forms the border with China. The camp was not included in maps until recently and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kwalliso
''Kwalliso'' (, ) or ''kwan-li-so'' is the term for political penal labor and rehabilitation colonies in North Korea. They constitute one of three forms of political imprisonment in the country, the other two being what Washington DC–based NGO Committee for Human Rights in North Korea described as "short-term detention/forced-labor centers" and "long-term prison labor camps", for misdemeanor and felony offenses respectively. Durations of imprisonment are variable. However, many are condemned to labor for their whole life. Forced labor duties within ''kwalliso'' typically include work in mines (known examples including coal, gold, and iron ore), tree felling, timber cutting, or agricultural duties. Furthermore, camps contain state run prison farms and furniture manufacturing. Estimates suggest that at the start of 2007, a total of six ''kwalliso'' camps were operating within the country. Despite fourteen ''kwalliso'' camps originally operating within North Korea, these ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prisons In North Korea
Prisons in North Korea (often referred to by Western media and critics as "North Korean gulags") have conditions that are unsanitary, life-threatening and are comparable to historical concentration camps. A significant number of inmates have died each year, since they are subject to torture and inhumane treatment. Public and secret executions of inmates, including children, especially in cases of attempted escape, are commonplace. Infanticides (and infant killings upon birth) also often occur. The mortality rate is exceptionally high, because many prisoners die of starvation, illnesses, work accidents, or torture. During the height of the North Korean famine, the government's response was to set up many low-level labor camps for those who were caught crossing the North Korean-Chinese border or were repatriated from China. These labor training facilities were also used in response to the black market activity that resulted in people searching for food throughout the countryside.Ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Human Rights In North Korea
The human rights record of the North Korea, Democratic People's Republic of Korea is often considered to be the worst in the world and has been globally condemned, with the United Nations and groups such as Human Rights Watch and Freedom House having condemned it. Amnesty International considers North Korea to have no contemporary parallel with respect to violations of liberty. Free speech for citizens is virtually nonexistent, with only Media of North Korea, media providers operated by the government being legal. According to reports from Amnesty International and the U.S. Committee for Human Rights in North Korea, by 2017 an estimated 200,000 prisoners were incarcerated in camps that were dedicated to political crimes, and were subjected to forced labour, physical abuse, torture, and execution. The North Korean government strictly monitors the activities of foreign visitors. Aid workers are subjected to considerable scrutiny and they are also excluded from certain places and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2020 Malaysia Movement Control Order
The Movement Control Order (), commonly referred to as the MCO or ''PKP'', was a series of national quarantine and ''Cordon sanitaire (medicine), cordon sanitaire'' measures implemented by the Government of Malaysia, federal government of Malaysia in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia, COVID-19 pandemic. The orders were commonly referred to in local and international media as "COVID-19 lockdowns, lockdowns". Beginning on 18 March 2020, the MCO was enforced nationwide and encompassed restrictions on movement, assembly and international travel, and mandated the closure of business, industry, government and educational institutions to curb the spread of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. These measures were periodically relaxed and strengthened throughout the following 19 months in response to the changing epidemiology of the disease. Movement control orders were also localised to specific States and federal terr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
