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Prince Philipp Of Saxe-Coburg And Gotha (1901–1985)
Prince Philipp of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Philipp Josias Maria Joseph Ignatius Michael Gabriel Raphael Gonzaga; 18 August 1901 – 18 October 1985) was a dynast of the House of Wettin, belonging to the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry. He was the last '' Fideikommissherr'' of the branch. Life Born in Walterskirchen in Lower Austria, he was the third son of Prince August Leopold of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and his wife Archduchess Karoline Marie of Austria.''Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Fürstliche Häuser'' Band XVI. "Haus Sachsen". C.A. Starke Verlag, 2001, pp. 152, 157, 599. (German). At the time of his birth the House of Wettin ruled the Kingdom of Saxony and the Ernestine duchies in Germany, as well as the kingdoms of Belgium, Portugal, Bulgaria and the United Kingdom. He was raised, however, on his family's estates in Austria. After 1933 Prince Philipp supported financially German ''émigrés'' and Resistance to Nazism.Vanessa Conze, Das Europa der Deutschen: Ideen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Saxe-Coburg And Gotha-Koháry
The House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry is the Roman Catholic, Catholic cadet branch of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, founded after the marriage of Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and Maria Antonia Koháry de Csábrág, Princess Maria Antonia Koháry de Csábrág. Among its descendants were the last four kings of Portugal (Pedro V of Portugal, Pedro V, Luís I of Portugal, Luís, Carlos I of Portugal, Carlos, Manuel II of Portugal, Manuel II) and the last three Tsars of Bulgaria (Ferdinand I of Bulgaria, Ferdinand, Boris III of Bulgaria, Boris III, Simeon II of Bulgaria, Simeon II). After the change of the “House laws” by Simeon II, the present head of the house is his sister Princess Marie Louise of Bulgaria, Princess of Koháry. History After the marriage of Prince Ferdinand and Princess Maria Antonia in January 1816 and the death of his father-in-law, Ferencz József Koháry de Csábrág, Prince Ferencz József Koháry de Csábrág, in 1826, Prince Ferdin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iron Curtain
The Iron Curtain was the political and physical boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas from the end of World War II in 1945 until the end of the Cold War in 1991. On the east side of the Iron Curtain were countries connected to the Soviet Union, and on the west side those that were NATO members. Economic and military alliances developed on each side of the Iron Curtain, and it became a term for the physical barriers of razor wire, Fence, fences, Fortified wall, walls, minefields, and Watchtower, watchtowers built along it. The nations to the east of the Iron Curtain were People's Republic of Poland, Poland, East Germany, Socialist Republic of Czechoslovakia, Czechoslovakia, Hungarian People's Republic, Hungary, Socialist Republic of Romania, Romania, People's Republic of Bulgaria, Bulgaria, People's Republic of Albania, Albania, and the USSR; however, Reunification of Germany, East Germany, Breakup of Czechoslovakia, Czechoslovakia, and the Dissolution of the USSR, USS ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Princess Maria Antonia Of The Two Sicilies
Princess Maria Antonia of the Two Sicilies () (19 December 1814 – 7 November 1898), was a princess of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies by birth and Grand Duchess of Grand Duchy of Tuscany, Tuscany from 1833 to 1859 as the consort of Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany, Leopold II. She is also known as ''Marie Antoinette of the Two Sicilies'' or ''Marie Antoinette of Tuscany'', since in the Bourbon and Habsburg-Lorraine families this form was used for princesses called Maria Antonia. Life Early years Maria Antonia was born at the Palazzo dei Normanni, Royal Palace of Palermo on 19 December 1814, the daughter of King Francis I of the Two Sicilies and his wife Maria Isabella of Spain. The girl was given the baptismal name ''Maria Antonia'' in honor of her great-aunt Marie Antoinette, the murdered sister of her paternal grandmother, Maria Carolina of Austria. When she was born, the Neapolitan court had already moved to Sicily due to the Napoleonic troops that had invaded the cont ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leopold II, Grand Duke Of Tuscany
Leopold II, , English: ''Leopold John Joseph Francis Ferdinand Charles''. (3 October 1797 – 29 January 1870) was Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1824 to 1859. He married twice; first to Maria Anna of Saxony, and after her death in 1832, to Maria Antonia of the Two-Sicilies. By the latter, he begat his eventual successor, Ferdinand. Leopold was recognised contemporarily as a liberal monarch, authorising the Tuscan Constitution of 1848, and allowing a degree of press freedom. The Grand Duke was deposed briefly by a provisional government in 1849, only to be restored the same year with the assistance of Austrian troops, who occupied the state until 1855. Leopold attempted a policy of neutrality with regard to the Second Italian War of Independence but was expelled by a bloodless coup on 27 April 1859, just before the beginning of the war. The Grand Ducal family left for Bologna, papal territory since the Congress of Vienna. Tuscany was occupied by soldiers of Victor Emmanuel II ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teresa Cristina Of The Two Sicilies
Dona Teresa Cristina (14 March 182228 December 1889), nicknamed "the Mother of the Brazilians", was Empress of Brazil as the consort of Emperor Dom Pedro II from their marriage on 30 May 1843 until 15 November 1889, when the monarchy was abolished. Born a princess of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies in present-day southern Italy, Teresa Cristina was the daughter of King Don Francesco I (Francis I) of the Italian branch of the House of Bourbon and his wife Maria Isabel (Maria Isabella). It was long believed by historians that the Princess was raised in an ultra-conservative, intolerant atmosphere which resulted in a timid and unassertive character in public and an ability to be contented with very little materially or emotionally. Recent studies revealed a more complex character, who despite having respected the social norms of the era, was able to assert a limited independence due to her strongly opinionated personality as well as her interest in lear ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedro II Of Brazil
''Don (honorific), Dom'' PedroII (Pedro de Alcântara João Carlos Leopoldo Salvador Bibiano Francisco Xavier de Paula Leocádio Miguel Gabriel Rafael Gonzaga; 2 December 1825 – 5 December 1891), nicknamed the Magnanimous (), was the List of monarchs of Brazil, second and last monarch of the Empire of Brazil, reigning for over 58 years. Pedro II was born in Rio de Janeiro, the seventh child of Emperor Dom Pedro I of Brazil and Empress Dona Maria Leopoldina and thus a member of the Brazilian branch of the House of Braganza (). Abdication of Pedro I of Brazil, His father's abrupt abdication and departure to Europe in 1831 left the five-year-old as emperor and led to a lonely childhood and adolescence, obliged to spend his time studying in preparation for rule. His experiences with court intrigues and political disputes during this period greatly affected his later character; he grew into a man with a strong sense of duty and devotion toward his country and his people, yet in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Princess Clémentine Of Orléans
Princess Clémentine of Orléans () (3 June 1817 – 16 February 1907), princess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and duchess in Saxony, was the sixth child and youngest daughter of Louis-Philippe I, List of French Monarchs, King of the French, and his wife Maria Amalia of the Two Sicilies. She was the mother of Ferdinand I of Bulgaria, Ferdinand I, Tsar of Bulgaria. Early life Marie Clémentine Léopoldine Caroline Clotilde of Orléans, styled ''Mademoiselle de Beaujolais'', was born on 3 June 1817 at the Château de Neuilly, in Neuilly-sur-Seine, France, soon after the Bourbon Restoration in France, Bourbon Restoration. She became a royal princess, ''Princess of Orléans'', following her father's July Monarchy, ascension to the French throne in 1830. As a young woman, it was written that she "is represented to possess great beauty and accomplishments." Clémentine was taught history by the radical historian Jules Michelet, who would spend lessons glorifying the French Revolution to his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince August Of Saxe-Coburg And Gotha
August Victor Louis of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (; 13 June 1818 – 26 July 1881), was a German prince of the Catholic House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry. He was a General Major in the Royal Saxon Army and the owner of Čábráď and Štiavnica, both in modern-day Slovakia. Life Born ''Prince August Viktor Ludwig of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld'', he was the second son of Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. He was born in Vienna on 13 June 1818 and baptised at St. Stephan Cathedral on the 16th of that month. His godparents were his paternal grandmother, Countess Augusta Reuss of Ebersdorf, his aunts, Victoria, Duchess of Kent and Louise, Duchess of Saxe Coburg. Following the 1826 re-distribution in the House of Wettin of the Ernestine duchies, his dynastic suffix became "of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha". His mother was Princess Maria Antonia Koháry de Csábrág et Szitnya, the daughter and heiress of Ferenc József, Prince Koháry de Csábrág et Szitnya. When Antonia's fat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Princess Maria Immaculata Of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (1844–1899)
{{disambiguation, tndis ...
Princess Maria Immaculata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies may refer to: * Princess Maria Immaculata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (1844–1899), daughter of Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies and Maria Theresa of Austria * Princess Maria Immaculata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (1874–1947), daughter of Prince Alfonso, Count of Caserta and Princess Antonietta of Bourbon-Two Sicilies See also: *Princess Maria Immacolata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies Princess Maria Luisa of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (full Italian name: ''Maria Luisa Immacolata di Borbone, Principessa di Borbone delle Due Sicilie'') (21 January 1855, Naples, Two SiciliesSpillmann, 9 – 23 August 1874, Pau, Armagnac, France) w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archduke Karl Salvator Of Austria
Archduke Karl Salvator of Austria (Italian: ''Carlo Salvatore Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Battista Filippo Jacopo Gennaro Lodovico Gonzaga Raniero''; German: ''Karl Salvator Maria Joseph Johann Baptist Philipp Jakob Januarius Ludwig Gonzaga Rainer''; 30 April 1839 in Florence – 18 January 1892 in Vienna), was a member of the Tuscan branch of the House of Habsburg. Early life and career He was an Austrian Archduke, a son of Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany and second wife Marie Antoinette of Tuscany. He was a ''Feldmarschall-Leutnant'' of the Imperial (k.u.k.) Austro-Hungarian Army. He worked with Count George von Dormus as inventor of early self-loading small arms including the Salvator Dormus pistol and the Salvator-Dormus M1893 heavy machine gun. Family and children He married in Rome on 19 September 1861 his first cousin Princess Maria Immaculata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (Naples, 14 April 1844 – Vienna, 18 February 1899), daughter of his maternal uncle Ferdinand II of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Princess Leopoldina Of Brazil
Princess Leopoldina of Brazil (Leopoldina Teresa Francisca Carolina Miguela Gabriela Rafaela Gonzaga; 13 July 1847 – 7 February 1871) was the daughter of Emperor Pedro II and Empress Teresa Cristina. She shared the first name of her grandmother, Empress Maria Leopoldina of Brazil. A Princess of Brazil from birth, Dona Leopoldina renounced her titles upon her marriage to Prince Ludwig August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, taking the title of ''Princess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha'' and ''Duchess of Saxony''. The princess was also second in the line of succession to the Brazilian throne, even after the marriage of her older sister, Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil, due to the latter's difficulties in producing heirs. Her descendants would form the Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha branch of the Imperial House of Brazil. Biography Family and early years Leopoldina was born at 6:45 am on 13 July 1847, in the Imperial Palace of São Cristóvão, the second daughter of Pedro I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Ludwig August Of Saxe-Coburg And Gotha
Prince Ludwig August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Ludwig August Maria Eudes; 8 August 1845 – 14 September 1907), known in Brazil as Dom Luís Augusto, was a German prince of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry and an Admiral in the Imperial Brazilian Navy. Early life He was born at the Château d'Eu in France, the second son of Prince August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and his wife, Princess Clémentine of Orléans. His father was a first cousin of Victoria of the United Kingdom and her consort, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Through his mother he was a grandson of Louis-Philippe I, the last reigning king of France. Marriage and family Ludwig August and his double first cousin, the French Prince Gaston, comte d'Eu (son of Victoire, sister of August's father; and prince Louis, the brother of August’s mother) were imported to Brazil in order to marry the two daughters of the Emperor Pedro II of Brazil: Isabel, the elder, and Leopoldina, the younger. The origi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
