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Prince Cheng Of The First Rank
Prince Cheng of the First Rank, or simply Prince Cheng, was the title of a princely peerage used in China during the Manchu-led Qing dynasty (1644–1912). As the Prince Cheng peerage was not awarded "iron-cap" status, this meant that each successive bearer of the title would normally start off with a title downgraded by one rank ''vis-à-vis'' that held by his predecessor. However, the title would generally not be downgraded to any lower than a ''feng'en fuguo gong'' except under special circumstances. The first bearer of the title was Yongxing (永瑆; 1752–1823), the Qianlong Emperor's 11th son, who was made "Prince Cheng of the First Rank" in 1789. The title was passed down over seven generations and held by seven people. Members of the Prince Cheng peerage * Yongxing (永瑆; 1752 – 1823; 1st), the Qianlong Emperor's 11th son, held the title Prince Cheng of the First Rank from 1789 to 1823, posthumously honoured as Prince Chengzhe of the First Rank (成哲親王) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yongxing (prince)
Yongxing (永瑆; 22 March 1752 – 10 May 1823) was the Qianlong Emperor's 11th son and Qing Dynasty imperial prince. Biography Yongxing was born on 22 March 1752 to Imperial Noble Consort Shujia, a member of Korean Jin clan. Yongxing was considered to be one of the most talented sons of the Qianlong Emperor. He had good relationship with 12th prince Yongji and 15th prince Yongyan in his childhood. He was known for his calligraphy, that's why he was commissioned by his half-brother to create plaques and stellas in the Yu Mausoleum of Eastern Qing tombs. His first work was "Lyrics of Peaceful Summer", dedicated to Empress Xiaoshengxian. Empress Dowager expressed her fondness of that work by creating a library named Yijingzhai, after that Yongxing chose his art name. The prince later wrote cycle of poems named after his studio. Furthermore, his literary works included "Listening to the Rain" and "Series of Ancient Dragon". Yongxing was particularly famous for relationship with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yoto (prince)
Yoto ( mnc, ᠶᠣᡨ᠋ᠣ; ; 26 February 1599 – 11 February 1639) was a Qing dynasty imperial prince and Nurhaci's grandson. Yoto became the first bearer of the Prince Keqin peerage as Prince Cheng of the First Rank. He was demoted two ranks for committing a grave offence and posthumously granted a title of Prince Keqin of the Second Rank. After his death, the peerage was twice renamed until 1778, when the peerage was granted iron-cap status, which meant that each successive bearer of the title would hold undiminished title vis-a-vis his predecessor. Life Yoto was born on 26 February 1599 as Daišan's eldest son. His mother was primary consort, lady Ligiya. He was raised by his grandfather since young and became a member of Bordered Red Banner at the age of 7. In 1621, he and Degelei stopped an attack of Ming forces led by Li Bingcheng, causing their return to Baitapu.Later on, an ambassador of Khalkha Jarud tribes was killed during his way to Yehe valley. In 1626, he was awa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal And Noble Ranks Of The Qing Dynasty
The Qing dynasty (1644–1912) of China developed a complicated peerage system for royal and noble ranks. Rule of inheritance In principle, titles were downgraded one grade for each generation of inheritance. * Direct imperial princes with the ''Eight Privileges'' were downgraded for four generations, after which the title can be inherited without further downgrades. * Direct imperial princes without the ''Eight Privileges'' were downgraded until the rank of ''feng'en jiangjun'', which then became perpetual. * Cadet line imperial princes and lords were downgraded until they reached ''feng'en jiangjun'', which could be further inherited three times before the title expired completely. * For non-imperial peers, the title could be downgraded to ''en jiwei'' before becoming perpetually heritable. Occasionally, a peer could be granted the privilege of ''shixi wangti'' ( zh, t=世襲罔替, p=shìxí wǎngtì, labels=no; "perpetual heritability"), which allowed the title to be p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manchu People
The Manchus (; ) are a Tungusic peoples, Tungusic East Asian people, East Asian ethnic group native to Manchuria in Northeast Asia. They are an officially recognized Ethnic minorities in China, ethnic minority in China and the people from whom Manchuria derives its name. The Later Jin (1616–1636), Later Jin (1616–1636) and Qing dynasty, Qing (1636–1912) dynasties of China were established and ruled by the Manchus, who are descended from the Jurchen people who earlier established the Jin dynasty (1115–1234), Jin dynasty (1115–1234) in northern China. Manchus form the largest branch of the Tungusic peoples and are distributed throughout China, forming the fourth largest ethnic group in the country. They are found in 31 Chinese provincial regions. Among them, Liaoning has the largest population and Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia and Beijing have over 100,000 Manchu residents. About half of the population live in Liaoning and one-fifth in Hebei. There are a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qing Dynasty
The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing, was a Manchu-led Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China and an early modern empire in East Asia. The last imperial dynasty in Chinese history, the Qing dynasty was preceded by the Ming dynasty and succeeded by the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic of China. At its height of power, the empire stretched from the Sea of Japan in the east to the Pamir Mountains in the west, and from the Mongolian Plateau in the north to the South China Sea in the south. Originally emerging from the Later Jin (1616–1636), Later Jin dynasty founded in 1616 and proclaimed in Shenyang in 1636, the dynasty seized control of the Ming capital Beijing and North China in 1644, traditionally considered the start of the dynasty's rule. The dynasty lasted until the Xinhai Revolution of October 1911 led to the abdication of the last emperor in February 1912. The multi-ethnic Qing dynasty Legacy of the Qing dynasty, assembled the territoria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aisin Gioro
The House of Aisin-Gioro is a Manchu clan that ruled the Later Jin dynasty (1616–1636), the Qing dynasty (1636–1912), and Manchukuo (1932–1945) in the history of China. Under the Ming dynasty, members of the Aisin Gioro clan served as chiefs of the Jianzhou Jurchens, one of the three major Jurchen tribes at this time. Qing bannermen passed through the gates of the Great Wall in 1644, and eventually conquered the short-lived Shun dynasty, Xi dynasty and Southern Ming dynasty. After gaining total control of China proper, the Qing dynasty later expanded into other adjacent regions, including Xinjiang, Tibet, Outer Mongolia, and Taiwan. The dynasty reached its zenith during the High Qing era and under the Qianlong Emperor, who reigned from 1735 to 1796. This reign was followed by a century of gradual decline. The house lost power in 1912 following the Xinhai Revolution. Puyi, the last Aisin-Gioro emperor, nominally maintained his imperial title in the Forbidden City un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qianlong Emperor
The Qianlong Emperor (25 September 17117 February 1799), also known by his temple name Emperor Gaozong of Qing, personal name Hongli, was the fifth Emperor of China, emperor of the Qing dynasty and the fourth Qing emperor to rule over China proper. He reigned officially from 1735 until his abdication in 1796, but retained ultimate power subsequently until his death in 1799, making him one of the longest-reigning monarchs in history as well as one of the longest-lived. The fourth and favourite son of the Yongzheng Emperor, Qianlong ascended the throne in 1735. A highly ambitious military leader, he led Ten Great Campaigns, a series of campaigns into Inner Asia, Burma, Nepal and Vietnam and suppressed rebellions in Jinchuan County, Jinchuan and Taiwan. During his lifetime, he was given the deified title Emperor Manjushri by the Qing's Tibetan subjects. Domestically, Qianlong was a major patron of the arts as well as a prolific writer. He sponsored the compilation of the ''Siku Qu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mianqin
Mianqin (; 1768 – 1820) was Qing dynasty imperial prince and Qianlong Emperor's grandson. Life Mianqin was born as the eldest son of Yongxing (prince), Yongxing and his primary consort, lady Fuca clan, Fuca, niece of Empress Xiaoxianchun (daughter of empress' youngest brother, Fuheng). Initially Mianqin held a title of Royal and noble ranks of the Qing dynasty#Male members, lesser bulwark duke. In 1796, his second son Yilun, was adopted into Prince Lü peerage due to childlessness of Yongcheng (prince), Yongcheng's son, Mianhui. In 1802, he was promoted to Royal and noble ranks of the Qing dynasty#Male members, ''beile''. He became an only heir apparent of the Prince Cheng of the First Rank, Prince Cheng peerage, because his brothers Miansi and Mianyi were adopted by childless imperial princes, such as Yongzhang or Yongji. His mother died in November 1813. Mianqin was posthumously granted a title of Prince Cheng of the Second Rank in 1820. Family * Primary consort, o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Xun (循)
Prince Xun of the Second Rank, or simply Prince Xun, was the title of a princely peerage used in China during the Manchu-led Qing dynasty (1644–1912). As the Prince Xun peerage was not awarded "iron-cap" status, this meant that each successive bearer of the title would normally start off with a title downgraded by one rank ''vis-à-vis'' that held by his predecessor. However, the title would generally not be downgraded to any lower than a ''feng'en fuguo gong'' except under special circumstances. The first bearer of the title was Yongzhang (永璋; 1735–1760), the Qianlong Emperor's third son. Yongzhang was posthumously honoured with the title "Prince Xun of the Second Rank" by his father in 1760. The title was passed down over six generations and held by six persons. Members of the Prince Xun peerage * Yongzhang (永璋; 1735–1760), the Qianlong Emperor's third son, posthumously honoured with the title "Prince Xun of the Second Rank" ** Mianyi (綿懿; 1771–1809), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Draft History Of Qing
The ''Draft History of Qing'' () is a draft of the official history of the Qing dynasty compiled and written by a team of over 100 historians led by Zhao Erxun who were hired by the Beiyang government of the Republic of China. The draft was published in 1928, but the Chinese Civil War caused a lack of funding for the project and it was put to an end in 1930. The two sides of the Chinese civil war, the People's Republic of China and Republic of China have attempted to complete it. History The Qing imperial court had previously established a Bureau of State Historiography that pre-compiled its own dynastic history. The massive book was started in 1914, and the rough copy was finished in about 1927. 1,100 copies of the book were published. The Beiyang government moved 400 of the original draft into the northern provinces, where it re-edited the content twice, thus creating three different versions of the book. It was banned by the Nationalist Government in 1930. The ban was lift ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qing Dynasty Princely Peerages
The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and an early modern empire in East Asia. The last imperial dynasty in Chinese history, the Qing dynasty was preceded by the Ming dynasty and succeeded by the Republic of China. At its height of power, the empire stretched from the Sea of Japan in the east to the Pamir Mountains in the west, and from the Mongolian Plateau in the north to the South China Sea in the south. Originally emerging from the Later Jin dynasty founded in 1616 and proclaimed in Shenyang in 1636, the dynasty seized control of the Ming capital Beijing and North China in 1644, traditionally considered the start of the dynasty's rule. The dynasty lasted until the Xinhai Revolution of October 1911 led to the abdication of the last emperor in February 1912. The multi-ethnic Qing dynasty assembled the territorial base for modern China. The Qing controlled the most territory of any dynasty in Chinese history, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
