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Phoenix Park Killings
The Phoenix Park Murders were the fatal stabbings of Lord Frederick Cavendish and Thomas Henry Burke in Phoenix Park, Dublin, Ireland, on 6 May 1882. Cavendish was the newly appointed Chief Secretary for Ireland and Burke was the Permanent Under-Secretary, the most senior Irish civil servant. The assassination was carried out by members of a republican organisation known as the Irish National Invincibles, a more radical breakaway from the Irish Republican Brotherhood. Murders The Irish National Invincibles failed numerous times to kill Chief Secretary William Edward Forster before he resigned his office in protest at the Kilmainham Treaty. The group then settled on a plan to kill the Permanent Under-Secretary Thomas Henry Burke at the Irish Office. Newly installed Chief Secretary Lord Frederick Cavendish, on the evening of his arrival to Ireland, decided to walk alone from Dublin Castle to his new residence in The Phoenix Park. Close to the entrance of Dublin Zoo, Bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phoenix Park
The Phoenix Park () is a large urban park in Dublin, Ireland, lying west of the city centre, north of the River Liffey. Its perimeter wall encloses of recreational space. It includes large areas of grassland and tree-lined avenues, and since the 17th century has been home to a herd of wild fallow deer. The Irish Government is lobbying UNESCO to have the park designated as a World Heritage Site. History The park's name is derived from the Irish ''fhionnuisce'', meaning clear or still water. After the Norman invasion of Ireland, Normans conquered Dublin and its hinterland in the 12th century, Hugh Tyrrel, 1st Baron of Castleknock (barony), Castleknock, granted a large area of land, including what now comprises the Phoenix Park, to the Knights Hospitaller. They established an abbey at Kilmainham on the site now occupied by Royal Hospital Kilmainham. The knights lost their lands in 1537 following the Dissolution of the Monasteries under Henry VIII of England. Eighty years later ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kilmainham Treaty
The Kilmainham Treaty was an informal agreement reached in May 1882 between Liberal British prime minister William Ewart Gladstone and the Irish nationalist leader Charles Stewart Parnell. Whilst imprisoned in Kilmainham Gaol, Parnell moved in April 1882 to make a deal with the government, negotiated through Captain William Henry O'Shea, William O'Shea MP. The government would settle the "rent arrears" question allowing 100,000 tenants to appeal for fair rent before the land courts. Parnell promised to use his good offices to quell the violence and to co-operate cordially for the future with the Liberal Party in forwarding Liberal principles and measures of general reform. Gladstone released the prisoner and the agreement was a major triumph for Irish nationalism as it won abatement for tenant rent-arrears from the Government at the height of the Land War. Background The agreement extended the terms of the Land Law (Ireland) Act 1881, with which Gladstone intended to make broa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fenian
The word ''Fenian'' () served as an umbrella term for the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB) and their affiliate in the United States, the Fenian Brotherhood. They were secret political organisations in the late 19th and early 20th centuries dedicated to the establishment of an independent Irish Republic. In 1867, they sought to coordinate Fenian raids, raids into Canada from the United States with a Fenian Rising, rising in Ireland. In the Easter Rising, 1916 Easter Rising and the 1919–1921 Irish War of Independence, the IRB led the republican struggle. Fenianism Fenianism (), according to O'Mahony, embodied two principles: firstly, that Ireland had a natural right to independence, and secondly, that this right could be won only by an armed revolution. The name originated with the Fianna of Irish mythology—groups of legendary warrior-bands associated with Fionn mac Cumhail. Mythological tales of the Fianna became known as the Fenian Cycle. In the 1860s, opponents of Ir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armagh
Armagh ( ; , , " Macha's height") is a city and the county town of County Armagh, in Northern Ireland, as well as a civil parish. It is the ecclesiastical capital of Ireland – the seat of the Archbishops of Armagh, the Primates of All Ireland for both the Roman Catholic Church and the Church of Ireland. In ancient times, nearby Navan Fort () was a pagan ceremonial site and one of the great royal capitals of Gaelic Ireland. Today, Armagh is home to two cathedrals (both named after Saint Patrick) and the Armagh Observatory, and is known for its Georgian architecture. Statistically classed as a medium-sized town by NISRA, Armagh was given city status in 1994 and Lord Mayoralty status in 2012. It had a population of 16,310 people in the 2021 Census. History Foundation ''Eamhain Mhacha'' (or Navan Fort), at the western edge of Armagh, was an ancient pagan ritual or ceremonial site. According to Irish mythology it was one of the great royal sites of Gaelic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Getaway Driver
A crime scene getaway is the act of departing from the location where one has committed a crime. It is an act that the offender(s) may or may not have planned in detail, resulting in a variety of outcomes. A :crime scene is the "location of a crime; especially one at which forensic evidence is collected in a controlled manner." The "getaway" is any escape by a perpetrator from that scene, which may have been witnessed by eyewitnesses or law enforcement. The crime scene getaway is the subject of several penal laws. If motor vehicles are used for the getaway, then each vehicle is a new crime scene. As an inchoate offense In some jurisdictions, the very act of making a getaway from a crime scene is an inchoate criminal offense in itself, though it is generally viewed as natural behavior for a lawbreaker. For example, under New York law, "escape" is defined as escaping custody or detention; "unlawful fleeing a police in a motor vehicle" is a distinct crime. Methods of crime sc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Fitzharris
James Fitzharris nicknamed Skin-the-Goat (4 October 1833 – 7 September 1910) was a member of the Invincibles, a Dublin-based Irish revolutionary group. Biography Born at Sliabh Bhuí, Ferns, County Wexford, where his father was an employee at the Sinnott estate, he later became an Irish republican. When working as a cab driver, he earned his nickname when he found a goat eating the horse hair in his horses' collar. Fitzharris killed and skinned the goat on the spot, using the hide to cover his knees when he drove his cab. Ultimately, he served as getaway driver during the assassination of Permanent Under Secretary Thomas Henry Burke and Lord Frederick Cavendish in Phoenix Park. He was later tried, declaring on the dock that ‘Nobody from Sliabh Bhuí ever turned informer’, and found not guilty of the murders but in a retrial in May 1883, was convicted of conspiracy and accessory to murder and sentenced to penal servitude for life. He was released from prison in 1899 an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Spencer, 5th Earl Spencer
John Poyntz Spencer, 5th Earl Spencer (27 October 1835 – 13 August 1910), known as Viscount Althorp from 1845 to 1857 (and also known as the "Red Earl" because of his distinctive long red beard), was a British Liberal Party (UK), Liberal Party politician under, and close friend of, prime minister William Ewart Gladstone. He was twice Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. Background and education Spencer was the son of Frederick Spencer, 4th Earl Spencer, by his first wife Georgiana, daughter of William Stephen Poyntz, William Poyntz. The prominent Whig politician John Spencer, 3rd Earl Spencer, was his uncle and Charles Spencer, 6th Earl Spencer, his half-brother. He was educated at Harrow School, Harrow and Trinity College, Cambridge, from which he graduated in 1857. Political career, 1857–1885 Almost immediately after leaving Cambridge Spencer was elected to parliament for South Northamptonshire (UK Parliament constituency), South Northamptonshire as a Liberal, before departing for a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dr Steevens' Hospital
Dr Steevens' Hospital (also called Dr Steevens's Hospital) (), one of Ireland's most distinguished eighteenth-century medical establishments, was located at Kilmainham in Dublin Ireland. It was founded under the terms of the will of Richard Steevens, an eminent physician in Dublin. The seal of the hospital consisted of 'The Good Samaritan healing the wounds of the fallen traveller' with the motto beneath ''"Do Thou Likewise"''. The hospital closed in 1987 and subsequently became the administrative headquarters of the Health Service Executive (HSE). History Background As the population grew in Dublin city in the 1600s, there was no organised system to also care for the growing numbers of sick and disabled inhabitants. Many of them lived in miserable conditions and had to compete with able-bodied beggars whose numbers grew considerably when rural workers migrated to the city during periods of crop failure. In 1699, Sir Thomas Molyneux, 1st Baronet, Doctor Thomas Molyneaux approac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Myles
Sir Thomas Myles (20 April 1857—14 July 1937) was a prominent Irish home ruler and surgeon, involved in the importation of arms for the Irish Volunteers in 1914. Early life Thomas Myles was born in Limerick in 1857, the third of eleven children born to John Myles (1807–1871), a wealthy corn merchant, and his second wife Prudence, daughter of William Bradshaw of Canal House, Limerick. The Myles family had been prominent merchants in and around Limerick city since Cromwell's time. A prominent sportsman from an early age, Myles graduated in medicine at Trinity College Dublin in 1881. One of his duties in his first job as resident surgeon at Dr. Steevens's Hospital was to render medical assistance to the victims of the Phoenix Park murders on 6 May 1882. Career From 1900 till 1902, Myles was President of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland. After stepping down, he was appointed a Knight Bachelor in the 1902 Coronation Honours list published on 26 June 1902, and knig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dictionary Of Irish Biography
The ''Dictionary of Irish Biography'' (DIB) is a biographical dictionary of notable Irish people and people not born in the country who had notable careers in Ireland, including both Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. History The work was supervised by a board of editors which included the historian Edith Johnston. It was published as a nine-volume set in 2009 by Cambridge University Press in collaboration with the Royal Irish Academy (RIA), and contained about 9,000 entries. The 2009 version of the dictionary was also published online via a digital subscription and was predominantly used by academics, researchers, and civil servants. An online version is now open access, having been launched on 17 March 2021 (St. Patrick's Day), and new entries are added to that version periodically. Funding is from the Higher Education Authority, Department of Foreign Affairs, and Dublin City Council Libraries. The biographies range from 200-15,000 words in length, with a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mary Ann Byrne
Mary Ann Byrne (9 September 1854 – 4 November 1894) was an Irish nationalist. Biography Mary Ann Byrne was born Mary Ann Moneypenny on Haddington Road, Dublin on 9 September 1854. She was the second daughter of a plasterer, Arthur Moneypenny and his wife, Frances (née Kelly). She married Frank Byrne in St Mary's Catholic Church, Dukinfield, Ashton-under-Lyne on 9 September 1876, with both living in Peel Street, Dukinfield, at the time. Committed to the Irish nationalist cause, she delivered the surgical knives used in the assassinations of the Permanent Under Secretary Thomas Henry Burke and the newly installed Chief Secretary for Ireland, Lord Frederick Cavendish (the Phoenix Park Murders), to the Irish National Invincibles in February 1882 when she was seven months pregnant, concealing the knives under her skirts. On one other occasion, she delivered two revolvers, a rifle and a large amount of ammunition to other Invincibles. The evidence of James Carey implicated Byr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joe Brady (Irish National Invincibles)
The Irish National Invincibles, usually known as the Invincibles, were a militant organisation based in Ireland active from 1881 to 1883. Founded as splinter group of the Irish Republican Brotherhood, the group had a more radical agenda, and was formed with an intent to target those who implemented English policies in Ireland. Phoenix Park Murders After numerous attempts on his life, Chief Secretary for Ireland William Edward Forster resigned in protest of the Kilmainham Treaty. The Invincibles settled on a plan to kill the Permanent Under Secretary Thomas Henry Burke at the Irish Office. The newly installed Chief Secretary for Ireland, Lord Frederick Cavendish, was walking with Burke on the day of his arrival in Ireland when they struck, in Phoenix Park, Dublin, at 17:30 on 6 May 1882. Joe Brady attacked Burke, followed in short order by Tim Kelly, who knifed Cavendish. Both men used surgical knives. A large number of suspects were arrested and interrogated by the Dublin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
