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Philipp Ludwig, Count Palatine Of Neuburg
Philipp Ludwig of Neuburg (2 October 1547 – 22 August 1614) was Count Palatine of Neuburg from 1569 until 1614. Life Philipp Ludwig was born in Zweibrücken in 1547 as the eldest son of Wolfgang, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken. After his father's death in 1569, his lands were partitioned between Philipp Ludwig and his four brothers - Philipp Ludwig received the Duchy of Neuburg. He married Anna of Cleves (1552–1632), Anna (1552–1632), daughter of Duke Wilhelm, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg, Wilhelm IV "the Rich" of United Duchies of Jülich-Cleves-Berg, Jülich-Cleves-Berg, in 1574 and used the marriage as the basis of his claim to inherit the duchies in the succession controversy against the Elector of Brandenburg after William IV's only son, John William, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg, John William, died without heirs. In 1613 Philip Louis's eldest son, Wolfgang Wilhelm, Count Palatine of Neuburg, Wolfgang Wilhelm, converted to Roman Catholicism, Catholicism and gained the sup ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Count Palatine Of Neuburg
Palatinate-Neuburg () was a territory of the Holy Roman Empire, founded in 1505 by a branch of the House of Wittelsbach. Its capital was Neuburg an der Donau. Its area was about 2,750 km2, with a population of some 100,000. History The Duchy of Palatinate-Neuburg was created in 1505 as the result of the Landshut War of Succession and existed until 1799 or 1808. After the so-called ''Kölner Spruch'' (Verdict of Cologne) the duchy was created from the territories north of the Danube for Otto Henry, Elector Palatine, Otto Henry and Philip, Count Palatine, Philipp, the sons of Ruprecht of the Palatinate (Bishop of Freising), Ruprecht of the Palatinate. While they were minors, their grandfather Philip, Elector Palatine, ruled the duchy until his death in 1508, followed by Frederick II, Elector Palatine, Elector Frederick II. In 1541, Count Palatine Otto Henry converted to Lutheranism and his palace chapel at Neuburg Castle (Bavaria), Neuburg Castle was the first newly built Prot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lutheranism
Lutheranism is a major branch of Protestantism that emerged under the work of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German friar and Protestant Reformers, reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practices of the Catholic Church launched the Reformation in 1517. The Lutheran Churches adhere to the Bible and the Ecumenical Creeds, with Lutheran doctrine being explicated in the Book of Concord. Lutherans hold themselves to be in continuity with the apostolic church and affirm the writings of the Church Fathers and the first four ecumenical councils. The schism between Roman Catholicism and Lutheranism, which was formalized in the Diet of Worms, Edict of Worms of 1521, centered around two points: the proper source of s:Augsburg Confession#Article XXVIII: Of Ecclesiastical Power., authority in the church, often called the formal principle of the Reformation, and the doctrine of s:Augsburg Confession#Article IV: Of Justification., justification, the material principle of Luther ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William I, Landgrave Of Lower Hesse
William I of Hesse () (4 July 1466 – 8 February 1515) was the Landgrave of Hesse ( Lower Hesse) from 1471 to 1493. His parents were Louis the Frank (1438–1471) and Mechthild, daughter of Count Louis I of Württemberg. On 17 February 1488 in Münden, he married Anna of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel c. 1460 - Worms 16 May 1520], daughter of William IV, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, William IV, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and Elisabeth, Countess of Stolberg, with whom he had five daughters: * Mathilda, born in 1489 but died young. * Mathilda (born 1490; died 6 May 1558), married in Korbach on 19 May 1527 Konrad, Count of Tecklenburg (born 1493; died 16 August 1557) * Anna (born 1491; died 1513), a nun * Katherine (died 1525), married in 1511 Adam Count von Beichlingen (died Krayenberg 14 July 1538) * Elisabeth Lauingen.html" ;"title="0 September 1503 - Lauingen">0 September 1503 - Lauingen 4 January 1563 first married in Meisenheim on 16 October 1525 to Louis II, Count Pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander, Count Palatine Of Zweibrücken
Alexander of Zweibrücken () (26 November 1462 – 21 October 1514) was Count Palatine, Duke of Zweibrücken and Count of Veldenz in 1489–1514. Life He was the son of Louis I, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken and his wife Johanna of Croÿ. Alexander's Church (') is the oldest church in Zweibrücken, a late-Gothic Protestant hall church built from 1493 to 1514 as a gift from Alexander after his return from a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. Its crypt is the burial place of numerous counts/dukes of his house's line. Family He was married in 1499 in Zweibrücken to Countess Margarete of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein, daughter of Count Kraft VI of Hohenlohe and Helene of Württemberg. They had the following children: # Johanna (1499–1537), a nun in Trier. # Louis II (1502–1532). # George (1503–1537). # Margarete (1509–1522), a nun at Marienberg bei Boppard. # Rupert, a canon in Trier, Strassburg and Cologne Cologne ( ; ; ) is the largest city of the States of Germany, Ger ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christine Of Saxony
Christine of Saxony (25 December 1505 – 15 April 1549) was a German noblewoman, landgravine consort of Hesse by her marriage to Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse. She was the regent of Hesse during the absence of her spouse in 1547–1549. Life She was a daughter of George the Bearded, Duke of Saxony and Barbara Jagiellon. She married Landgrave Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse on 11 December 1523 in Kassel. The marriage was arranged to forge a political alliance between Hesse and Saxony and was unhappy. Philip claimed to be disgusted by her and the "sexual wasteland" of his arranged marriage, said that he only shared her bed by duty and stated that she drank too much. Christine was nevertheless frequently pregnant; she gave birth to ten children in twenty years, nine of whom lived to adulthood. Whilst married to Christine, Philip had adulterous affairs from as early as 1526 and even practised bigamy. He had another nine children with his other (morganatic) wife, Margarethe von der ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philip I, Landgrave Of Hesse
Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse (13 November 1504 – 31 March 1567), nicknamed (), was a German nobleman and champion of the Protestant Reformation, notable for being one of the most important of the early Protestant rulers in Germany. He was one of the main belligerents in the War of the Katzenelnbogen Succession. Biography Early life and embracing of Protestantism Philip was the son of Landgrave William II of Hesse and his second wife Anna of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. His father died when Philip was five years old, and in 1514 his mother, after a series of struggles with the Estates of Hesse, succeeded in becoming regent on his behalf. The struggles over authority continued, however. To put an end to them, Philip was declared of age in 1518, his actual assumption of power beginning the following year. The power of the Estates had been broken by his mother, but he owed her little else. His education had been very imperfect, and his moral and religious training had been negle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elisabeth Of Hesse (1503–1563)
Elisabeth of Hesse (13 February 1539 – 14 March 1582) was a German noblewoman, by birth a member of the House of Hesse and by virtue of marriage Electress of Pfalz-Simmern. Early life She was born as the seventh child and fourth daughter of Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse and his wife, Duchess Christine of Saxony, daughter of George, Duke of Saxony. Family On 8 July 1560 she married Louis VI, Elector Palatine. They had twelve children in just fifteen years, but only four of them survived childhood: # Anna Marie (b. Heidelberg, 24 July 1561 - d. Eskilstuna, 29 July 1589), married Charles IX of Sweden Charles IX, also Carl (; 4 October 1550 – 30 October 1611), reigned as King of Sweden from 1604 until his death. He was the youngest son of King Gustav I () and of his second wife, Margaret Leijonhufvud, the brother of King Eric XIV and of ... # Elisabeth (b. Heidelberg, 15 June 1562 - d. Heidelberg, 2 November 1562), died in infancy. # Dorothea Elisabeth (b. Jagd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis II, Count Palatine Of Zweibrücken
Louis II of Zweibrücken () (14 September 1502 – 3 December 1532) was Count Palatine and Duke of Zweibrücken from 1514 to 1532. Early life He was the son of Alexander, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken (1462–1514) and his wife Countess Margarete of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein (1480–1522). Marriage and issue He was married in 1525 to Elisabeth of Hesse, daughter of William I, Landgrave of Lower Hesse, and they had two children. His son Wolfgang inherited the title and his daughter Christine died young in 1534. Death Louis II died on 3 December 1532 and was buried in the crypt of Alexanderskirche (a church named for his father, who funded the original construction) in Zweibrücken Zweibrücken (; ; , ; literally translated as "Two Bridges") is a town in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, on the Schwarzbach (Blies), Schwarzbach River. Name The name ''Zweibrücken'' means 'two bridges'; older forms of the name include Middl .... Ancestors References External lin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bavarian National Museum
The Bavarian National Museum () in Munich is one of the most important museums of decorative arts in Europe and List of largest art museums, one of the largest art museums in Germany. Since the beginning the collection has been divided into two main groups: the art historical collection and the folklore collection. History and building The museum was founded by King Maximilian II of Bavaria in 1855. It houses a large collection of European artifacts from the late antiquity until the early 20th century with particular strengths in the medieval through early modern periods. The building, erected in the style of Historicism (art), historicism by Gabriel von Seidl 1894-1900, is one of the most original and significant museum buildings of its time. It is situated in the Prinzregentenstraße (Munich), Prinzregentenstraße, one of the city's four royal avenues. The house replaced an older building which houses today the Museum Five Continents. Already in 1905/06, the museum was expande ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Wilhelm I, Duke Of Saxe-Weimar
Friedrich Wilhelm I (25 April 1562 in Weimar – 7 July 1602 in Weimar) was a duke of Saxe-Weimar. He was the eldest son of Johann Wilhelm, Duke of Saxe-Weimar and Dorothea Susanne of Simmern. Life At the time of the death of his father (1573), Friedrich Wilhelm was still under age; for this, a tutelary government for the duchy was appointed. The Dowager Duchess, Dorothea Susanne, could however not prevent the Elector Augustus of Saxony – from the Albertine line – from being designated as the regent in her place. In 1586, Friedrich Wilhelm was declared an adult and began his independent government over in Saxe-Weimar. Five years later, in 1591, the Elector Christian I of Saxony died and was succeeded by his eldest son Christian II. Because the new Elector was still under age, the regency of the Electorate was assigned to Sophie of Brandenburg, widow of Christian I and mother of the heir. While she became regent, Friedrich Wilhelm was asked to assist and given the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duchy Of Berg
Berg () was a state—originally a county, later a duchy—in the Rhineland of Germany. Its capital was Düsseldorf. It existed as a distinct political entity from the early 12th to the 19th centuries. It was a member state of the Holy Roman Empire. The name of the county lives on in the modern geographic term Bergisches Land, often misunderstood as ''bergiges Land'' (hilly country). History Ascent The Counts of Berg emerged in 1101 as a junior line of the dynasty of the Ezzonen, which traced its roots back to the 9th-century Kingdom of Lotharingia, and in the 11th century became the most powerful dynasty in the region of the lower Rhine. In 1160, the territory split into two portions, one of them later becoming the County of the Mark, which returned to the possession of the family line in the 16th century. The most powerful of the early rulers of Berg, Engelbert II of Berg died in an assassination on November 7, 1225. In 1280 the counts moved their court from Schloss Burg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duchy Of Jülich
The Duchy of Jülich (; ; ) comprised a state within the Holy Roman Empire from the 11th to the 18th centuries. The duchy lay west of the Rhine river and was bordered by the Electorate of Cologne to the east and the Duchy of Limburg to the west. It had territories on both sides of the river Rur, around its capital Jülich – the former Roman ''Iuliacum'' – in the lower Rhineland. The duchy amalgamated with the County of Berg beyond the Rhine in 1423, and from then on also became known as ''Jülich-Berg''. Later it became part of the United Duchies of Jülich-Cleves-Berg. Its territory lies in present-day Germany (part of North Rhine-Westphalia) and in the present-day Netherlands (part of the Limburg province), its population sharing the same Limburgish dialect. History County In the 9th century a certain Matfried was count of Jülich (pagus Juliacensis). The first mention of a count in the gau of Jülich in Lower Lorraine, is Gerhard I, in 1003; his grandson Gerhar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
