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Phacus Limnophilus
''Phacus'' is a genus of unicellular euglenoids, of the phylum Euglenozoa (also known as Euglenophyta), characterized by its flat, leaf-shaped structure, and rigid cytoskeleton known as a pellicle. These eukaryotes are mostly green in colour, and have a single flagellum that extends the length of their body. They are morphologically very flat, rigid, leaf-shaped, and contain many small discoid chloroplasts. ''Phacus'' are commonly found in freshwater habitats around the globe and include several hundred species that continue to be discovered to this day. There are 564 species of ''Phacus'' in the database, but only 171 have been accepted taxonomically. It is a large and complex genus, with ongoing species revisions continuing to the present. Etymology The genus name is believed to have originated from the Greek word φακός (''phakós''), meaning lentil or lens. This may be due to the general round or oval shape of the many species that are part of this genus. Its origins da ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dujardin
Dujardin is a French surname, meaning "from the garden", and may refer to: * Charlotte Dujardin (born 1985), British dressage rider * Édouard Dujardin (1861–1949), French writer * Félix Dujardin (1801–1860), French biologist * Jean Dujardin (born 1972), French actor and comedian * Karel Dujardin (1626–1678), Dutch painter * Marbrianus Dujardin (Marbrianus de Orto), Netherlandish composer * Paul Dujardin (1894–1959, French water polo player * Alexandre Dujardin (born 1998), Hong Kong professional footballer of partial French descent * Remi Dujardin (born 1997), Hong Kong Hong Kong)., Legally Hong Kong, China in international treaties and organizations. is a special administrative region of China. With 7.5 million residents in a territory, Hong Kong is the fourth most densely populated region in the wor ... professional footballer of partial French descent See also * Jardin (other) {{surname, Dujardin French-language surnames ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chloroplast
A chloroplast () is a type of membrane-bound organelle, organelle known as a plastid that conducts photosynthesis mostly in plant cell, plant and algae, algal cells. Chloroplasts have a high concentration of chlorophyll pigments which capture the Radiant energy, energy from sunlight and convert it to chemical energy and release oxygen. The chemical energy created is then used to make sugar and other organic molecules from carbon dioxide in a process called the Calvin cycle. Chloroplasts carry out a number of other functions, including fatty acid synthesis, amino acid synthesis, and the immune response in plants. The number of chloroplasts per cell varies from one, in some unicellular algae, up to 100 in plants like ''Arabidopsis'' and wheat. Chloroplasts are highly dynamic—they circulate and are moved around within cells. Their behavior is strongly influenced by environmental factors like light color and intensity. Chloroplasts cannot be made anew by the plant cell and must ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trachelomonas
''Trachelomonas'' is a genus of swimming, free-living euglenoids characterized by the presence of a shell-like covering called a Lorica (biology), lorica. Details of lorica structure determine the classification of distinct species in the genus. The lorica can exist in spherical, elliptical, cylindrical, and pyriform (pear-shaped) forms. The lorica surface can be smooth, punctuate or striate and range from hyaline, to yellow, or brown. These colors are due to the accumulation of ferric hydroxide and manganic oxide deposited with the mucilage and minerals that comprise the lorica. In ''Trachelomonas'', the presence of a lorica obscures cytoplasmic details of the underlying cell. In each ''Trachelomonas'' cell, there is a gap at the apex of the lorica from which the flagellum protrudes. Thickening around this gap results in a rim-like or collar-like appearance. During asexual reproduction, the cell nucleus, nucleus divides yielding two daughter cells one of which exits through the o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lepocinclis
''Lepocinclis'' is a genus of algae belonging to the family Phacaceae. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, and is primarily part of the plankton in freshwater habitats (rarely brackish ones). Description ''Lepocinclis'' consists of single, free-swimming cells, with the flagella, eyespot (stigma), and flagellar swelling similar to that of ''Euglena''. The cells are rigid or semi-rigid (they may bend somewhat, but are not metabolic). The cell shape is variable but species-specific: they may be ovoid, fusiform, cylindrical, sometimes twisted; the cell is usually not flattened (rarely flattened or triangular) in cross section. Cells often with a tapering posterior spine; the cell is surrounded by a pellicle with spiral striations. Cells are typically filled with numerous small, discoid chloroplasts without pyrenoids, which give the cell a green color. A few species have secondarily lost their chloroplasts, and are therefore colorless. Cells are also filled with paramylon gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euglenid
Euglenids or euglenoids are one of the best-known groups of eukaryotic flagellates: single-celled organisms with flagella, or whip-like tails. They are classified in the phylum Euglenophyta, class Euglenida or Euglenoidea. Euglenids are commonly found in fresh water, especially when it is rich in organic materials, but they have a few marine and endosymbiotic members. Many euglenids feed by phagocytosis, or strictly by diffusion. A monophyletic subgroup known as Euglenophyceae have chloroplasts and produce their own food through photosynthesis. This group contains the carbohydrate paramylon. Euglenids split from other Euglenozoa (a larger group of flagellates) more than a billion years ago. The plastids (membranous organelles) in all extant photosynthetic species result from secondary endosymbiosis between a euglenid and a green alga. Structure Euglenoids are distinguished mainly by the presence of a type of cell covering called a pellicle. Within its taxon, the pellic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phacus Salinus
''Phacus'' is a genus of unicellular euglenoids, of the phylum Euglenozoa (also known as Euglenophyta), characterized by its flat, leaf-shaped structure, and rigid cytoskeleton known as a pellicle. These eukaryotes are mostly green in colour, and have a single flagellum that extends the length of their body. They are morphologically very flat, rigid, leaf-shaped, and contain many small discoid chloroplasts. ''Phacus'' are commonly found in freshwater habitats around the globe and include several hundred species that continue to be discovered to this day. There are 564 species of ''Phacus'' in the database, but only 171 have been accepted taxonomically. It is a large and complex genus, with ongoing species revisions continuing to the present. Etymology The genus name is believed to have originated from the Greek word φακός (''phakós''), meaning lentil or lens. This may be due to the general round or oval shape of the many species that are part of this genus. Its origins da ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monophyly
In biological cladistics for the classification of organisms, monophyly is the condition of a taxonomic grouping being a clade – that is, a grouping of organisms which meets these criteria: # the grouping contains its own most recent common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population), i.e. excludes non-descendants of that common ancestor # the grouping contains all the descendants of that common ancestor, without exception Monophyly is contrasted with paraphyly and polyphyly as shown in the second diagram. A ''paraphyletic'' grouping meets 1. but not 2., thus consisting of the descendants of a common ancestor, excepting one or more monophyletic subgroups. A ''polyphyletic'' grouping meets neither criterion, and instead serves to characterize convergent relationships of biological features rather than genetic relationships – for example, night-active primates, fruit trees, or aquatic insects. As such, these characteristic features of a polyphyletic grouping are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cryptic Species
In biology, a species complex is a group of closely related organisms that are so similar in appearance and other features that the boundaries between them are often unclear. The taxa in the complex may be able to hybridize readily with each other, further blurring any distinctions. Terms that are sometimes used synonymously but have more precise meanings are cryptic species for two or more species hidden under one species name, sibling species for two (or more) species that are each other's closest relative, and species flock for a group of closely related species that live in the same habitat. As informal taxonomic ranks, species group, species aggregate, macrospecies, and superspecies are also in use. Two or more taxa that were once considered conspecific (of the same species) may later be subdivided into infraspecific taxa (taxa within a species, such as plant varieties), which may be a complex ranking but it is not a species complex. In most cases, a species complex is a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Molecular Phylogenetic
Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to determine the processes by which diversity among species has been achieved. The result of a molecular phylogenetic analysis is expressed in a phylogenetic tree. Molecular phylogenetics is one aspect of molecular systematics, a broader term that also includes the use of molecular data in taxonomy and biogeography. Molecular phylogenetics and molecular evolution correlate. Molecular evolution is the process of selective changes (mutations) at a molecular level (genes, proteins, etc.) throughout various branches in the tree of life (evolution). Molecular phylogenetics makes inferences of the evolutionary relationships that arise due to molecular evolution and results in the construction of a phylogenetic tree. History The theoretical fra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Form (botany)
In botanical nomenclature, a ''form'' (''forma'', plural ''formae'') is one of the "secondary" taxonomic ranks, below that of variety, which in turn is below that of species; it is an infraspecific taxon. If more than three ranks are listed in describing a taxon, the "classification" is being specified, but only three parts make up the "name" of the taxon: a genus name, a specific epithet, and an infraspecific epithet. The abbreviation "f." or the full "forma" should be put before the infraspecific epithet to indicate the rank. It is not italicised. For example: * '' Acanthocalycium spiniflorum'' f. ''klimpelianum'' or ** ''Acanthocalycium spiniflorum'' forma ''klimpelianum'' (Weidlich & Werderm.) Donald * '' Crataegus aestivalis'' (Walter) Torr. & A.Gray var. ''cerasoides'' Sarg. f. ''luculenta'' Sarg. is a classification of a plant whose name is: ** ''Crataegus aestivalis'' (Walter) Torr. & A.Gray f. ''luculenta'' Sarg. A form usually designates a group with a noticeable ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Variety (taxonomy)
In botanical nomenclature, variety (abbreviated var.; in ) is a taxonomic rank below that of species and subspecies, but above that of form. As such, it gets a three-part infraspecific name. It is sometimes recommended that the subspecies rank should be used to recognize geographic distinctiveness, whereas the variety rank is appropriate if the taxon is seen throughout the geographic range of the species. Example The pincushion cactus, ''Escobaria vivipara'', is a wide-ranging variable species occurring from Canada to Mexico, and found throughout New Mexico below about . Nine varieties have been described. Where the varieties of the pincushion cactus meet, they intergrade. The variety ''Escobaria vivipara'' var. ''arizonica'' is from Arizona, while ''Escobaria vivipara'' var. ''neo-mexicana'' is from New Mexico. Definitions The term is defined in different ways by different authors. However, the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants, while recognizing that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
