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Petroleum Exploration In The Arctic
Exploration for petroleum in the Arctic is expensive and challenging both technically and logistically. In the offshore, sea ice can be a major factor. There have been many discoveries of oil and gas in the several Arctic basins that have seen extensive exploration over past decades but distance from existing infrastructure has often deterred development. Development and production operations in the Arctic offshore as a result of exploration have been limited, with the exception of the Barents and Norwegian seas. In Alaska, exploration subsequent to the discovery of the Prudhoe Bay oilfield has focussed on the onshore and shallow coastal waters. Technological developments such as Arctic class tankers for Liquefied Natural Gas, and climatic changes leading to reduced sea ice, may see a resurgence of interest in the offshore Arctic should high oil and gas prices be sustained and environmental concerns mitigated. Since the onset of the 2010s oil glut in 2014, and, in North America ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wood Mackenzie
Wood Mackenzie, also known as WoodMac, is a global research and consultancy group supplying data, written analysis, and consultancy advice to the energy, chemicals, renewables, metals, and mining industries. In 2015, the company was acquired by Verisk Analytics, an American data analytics and risk assessment firm, in a deal valued at $2.8 billion. /sup> The company was taken private by private-equity firm Veritas Capital in 2023, in a deal valued at $3.1 billion. /sup> History Originally founded in Edinburgh and also headquartered in Edinburgh, it has over 30 offices worldwide. Originally established as stockbroker in 1923, the company's energy business was launched in 1973, when it started reviewing the North Sea oilfields. /sup> Between 2007 and 2014, Wood Mackenzie acquired coal specialists Hill & Associates in the US, Barlow Jonker in Australia, and Brook Hunt, the UK-based metals analysts. 0 1/sup> Since 2015 a host of companies have become part of Wood Mackenz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panarctic Oils Ltd
Panarctic Oils Limited was formed in 1966 as a result of the Canadian government's eagerness to encourage exploration of the Canadian Arctic islands and to assert Canadian sovereignty in the region. That company consolidated the interests of 75 companies and individuals with Arctic Islands land holdings plus the federal government as the major shareholder. It played an important part in the development of the petroleum industry in Canada. History The company had a long and complicated birth. When the deal was complete in 1968, the Federal government held 45% ownership of the new company. Panarctic marked the Federal government's first direct entry into the oil and gas business, except for a brief period of involvement during World War II. After its formation, the company became the principal oil and gas operator in the Arctic Islands. In 1976, the federal government transferred its stake to Petro-Canada who later raised its stake to 53%. Exploration In that role it spent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canadian Arctic
Northern Canada (), colloquially the North or the Territories, is the vast northernmost region of Canada, variously defined by geography and politics. Politically, the term refers to the three territories of Canada: Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut. This area covers about 48 per cent of Canada's total land area, but has less than 0.5 per cent of Canada's population. The terms "northern Canada" or "the North" may be used in contrast with ''the far north'', which may refer to the Canadian Arctic, the portion of Canada that lies north of the Arctic Circle, east of Alaska and west of Greenland. However, in many other uses the two areas are treated as a single unit. Capitals The capital cities of the three northern territories, from west to east, are: * Yukon - Whitehorse * Northwest Territories - Yellowknife * Nunavut - Iqaluit Definitions Subdivisions As a social rather than political region, the Canadian North is often subdivided into two distinct regions based on c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prirazlomnaya Platform
Prirazlomnoye field is an Arctic offshore oilfield located in the Pechora Sea, south of Novaya Zemlya, Russia, the first commercial offshore oil development in the Russian Arctic sector. The field development is based on the single stationary Prirazlomnaya platform, which is the first Arctic-class ice-resistant oil platform in the world. Commercial drilling was planned to begin in early 2012, however it was delayed at least until the Spring of 2013 due to protester's "safety concerns". Safety concerns have been raised about Prirazlomnoye platform, citing use of decommissioned equipment (the 1984 TLP upper section of the rig), however Gazprom's oil spill response plan for Prirazlomnaya was renewed in 2014, and most questions found their answers. The Arctic Prirazlomnoye field produced the 10 millionth barrel of Russian North Arctic Oil in March 2016. History The field was discovered in 1989. In 1993, the development license was issued to Rosshelf, a subsidiary of Gazprom, and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pechora Sea
The Pechora Sea (, ) is an Arctic sea to the north-west of European Russia, forming the south-eastern portion of the Barents Sea. It is bordered to the west by Kolguyev Island; to the east by Vaygach Island's western coasts and the Yugorsky Peninsula; and to the north by the southern end of Novaya Zemlya. Located in the centre of the East-Atlantic flyway with conditions befitting for benthic life, the Pechora Sea supports about 600 taxa and the Barents Sea's highest total biomass. It is the site of the yearly migration of one of the largest salmon stocks in Northern Europe. Compared to the rest of the Barents Sea, the Pechora Sea is unique for its more continental climate, lower salinity, shallowness, separation from the open sea and large input from rivers, as well as a low level of human interference historically. Its temperate characteristics are not typical of the Arctic. History Historically, before the adjacent Barents Sea was named as such, the Pechora Sea's own nam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Snøhvit
Snøhvit ''()'' is the name of a natural gas field in the Norwegian Sea, situated northwest of Hammerfest, Norway. The northern part of the Norwegian Sea is often described as the Barents Sea by offshore petroleum companies. ''Snøhvit'' is also the name of a development of ''Snøhvit'' and the two neighbouring natural gas fields ''Albatross'' and ''Askeladden''. Estimated recoverable reserves are 193 billion cubic metres of natural gas, of condensate (light oil), and 5.1 million tonnes of natural gas liquids (NGL). The development comprises 21 wells. The Snøhvit development is operated by Equinor on behalf of six gas companies owning licenses: * Petoro * TotalEnergies * Engie * Equinor * Hess * RWE Dea The fields were discovered in 1984. The development plan was presented by Statoil in 2001, with production starting in 2006. A subsea production system was planned to feed a land-based plant on the island of Melkøya via long submarine gas pipeline with diameter of . ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Single Steel Drilling Caisson
Single steel drilling caisson is a drill barge that was built for year-round oil exploration in shallow ice-covered waters in the Beaufort Sea. The unit, initially named ''SSDC'' and later shortened to ''SDC'', was converted from an old oil tanker (''Ujigawa Maru'', later ''World Saga'') in the early 1980s. It has been used to drill a total of eight oil wells on both Canadian and U.S. continental shelves, the most recent in 2006. Description The hull of the single steel drilling caisson, which consists of the forward two thirds of the hull of a very large crude carrier, is long and wide, and measures from keel to main deck. The original 80,000-tonne drilling unit sits on top of a 35,000-tonne submersible barge that acts as an artificial steel berm when the unit is lowered to the seafloor using water ballast. While on location, a box-type skirt prevents it from sliding sideways and an air injection system helps to overcome the suction effect during de-ballasting. The unit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SS Manhattan (1962)
SS ''Manhattan'' was an oil tanker constructed at the Fore River Shipyard in Quincy, Massachusetts, that became the first commercial ship to cross the Northwest Passage in 1969. Having been built as an ordinary tanker in 1962, she was refitted for ice navigation during this voyage with an icebreaker bow in 1968–69. Registered in the United States at the time, she was the largest US merchant vessel. In 1965, she was taken to Portland, Oregon via the Columbia River, to be cleaned and used to transport 50,000 tons of grain. The size and draught of the ship required careful preparations for her transit on the river. ''Manhattan'' remained in service until 1987. After an accident in East Asia she was scrapped in China. 1969 Northwest Passage transit ''Manhattan''s route began in August 1969 from a berth on the Delaware River near Chester Pa. on the east coast of North America and transited the passage from east to west via the Baffin Sea and Viscount Melville Sound. The mas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North West Passage
The Northwest Passage (NWP) is the sea lane between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans through the Arctic Ocean, near the northern coast of North America via waterways through the Arctic Archipelago of Canada. The eastern route along the Arctic coasts of Norway and Siberia is accordingly called the Northeast Passage (NEP). The various islands of the archipelago are separated from one another and from mainland Canada by a series of Arctic waterways collectively known as the Northwest Passages, Northwestern Passages or the Canadian Internal Waters. For centuries, European explorers, beginning with Christopher Columbus in 1492, sought a navigable passage as a possible trade route to Asia, but were blocked by North, Central, and South America; by ice, or by rough waters (e.g. Tierra del Fuego). An ice-bound northern route was discovered in 1850 by the Irish explorer Robert McClure, whose expedition completed the passage by hauling sledges. Scotsman John Rae explored a more southerly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cook Inlet
Cook Inlet (; Sugpiaq language, Sugpiaq: ''Cungaaciq'') stretches from the Gulf of Alaska to Anchorage, Alaska, Anchorage in south-central Alaska. Cook Inlet branches into the Knik Arm and Turnagain Arm at its northern end, almost surrounding Anchorage. On its southern end, it merges with Shelikof Strait, Stevenson Entrance, Kennedy Entrance and Chugach Passage. The Cook Inlet and both its arms are bodies of brackish water, containing a turbid mix of ocean salt-water and freshwater runoff from the various rivers and streams. The narrow channel of the inlet funnels the tides creating very fast-moving currents, rip tides, and occasional bore tides. Cook Inlet watershed is the most populated watershed in Alaska. The drainage basin, watershed covers about of southern Alaska, east of the Aleutian Range, south and east of the Alaska Range, receiving water from its tributaries, which include the Knik River, the Little Susitna River, the Susitna River, Susitna and Matanuska River, Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baffin Bay
Baffin Bay (Inuktitut: ''Saknirutiak Imanga''; ; ; ), located between Baffin Island and the west coast of Greenland, is defined by the International Hydrographic Organization as a marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean. It is sometimes considered a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean. It is connected to the Atlantic via Davis Strait and the Labrador Sea. The narrower Nares Strait connects Baffin Bay with the Arctic Ocean. The bay is not navigable most of the year because of the Arctic ice pack, ice cover and high density of Sea ice, floating ice and icebergs in the open areas. However, a polynya of about , known as the North Water Polynya, North Water, opens in summer on the north near Smith Sound. Most of the aquatic life of the bay is concentrated near that region. Extent The International Hydrographic Organization defines the limits of Baffin Bay as follows: History The area of the bay has been inhabited since BC. Around AD 1200, the initial Dorset culture ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
