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Personal Pension Scheme
A personal pension scheme (PPS), sometimes called a personal pension plan (PPP), is a UK tax-privileged individual investment vehicle, with the primary purpose of building a capital sum to provide retirement benefits, although it will usually also provide death benefits. These plans first became available on 1 July 1988 and replaced retirement annuity plans. Both the individual can contribute as well as their employer. Benefits can be taken at any time after age 55 if the plan rules allow, or earlier in the case of ill health. In the past, legislation required benefits to be taken before age 75, and many plans still contain this restriction. Part of the fund (usually 25%) may be taken as a tax-free lump sum at retirement. New rules on drawing on the retirement fund, known as "Pension Freedom", came into effect on 5 April 2015. There are two types of personal pension scheme: insured personal pensions, where each contract will have a set range of investment funds for planholde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The UK includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and most of List of islands of the United Kingdom, the smaller islands within the British Isles, covering . Northern Ireland shares Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border, a land border with the Republic of Ireland; otherwise, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea and the Irish Sea. It maintains sovereignty over the British Overseas Territories, which are located across various oceans and seas globally. The UK had an estimated population of over 68.2 million people in 2023. The capital and largest city of both England and the UK is London. The cities o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pensions In The United Kingdom
Pensions in the United Kingdom, whereby United Kingdom tax payers have some of their wages deducted to save for retirement, can be categorised into three major divisions – state, occupational and personal pensions. The state pension is based on years worked, with a full 35-year work history yielding a pension of £203.85 per week. It is linked to the Consumer Prices Index (CPI) rate. Most employees are also enrolled by their employers in either defined contribution or defined benefit pensions which supplement this basic state-provided pension. It's also possible to have a Self-invested personal pension (SIPP). Historically, the "Old Age Pension" was introduced in 1909 in the United Kingdom (which included all of Ireland at that time). Following the passage of the ''Old Age Pensions Act 1908'' a pension of 5/— per week (£, equivalent, using the Consumer Price Index, to £ in ), or 7/6 per week (£, equivalent to £/week in ) for a married couple, was payable to persons with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Investment
Investment is traditionally defined as the "commitment of resources into something expected to gain value over time". If an investment involves money, then it can be defined as a "commitment of money to receive more money later". From a broader viewpoint, an investment can be defined as "to tailor the pattern of expenditure and receipt of resources to optimise the desirable patterns of these flows". When expenditures and receipts are defined in terms of money, then the net monetary receipt in a time period is termed cash flow, while money received in a series of several time periods is termed cash flow stream. In finance, the purpose of investing is to generate a Return (finance), return on the invested asset. The return may consist of a capital gain (profit) or loss, realised if the investment is sold, unrealised capital appreciation (or depreciation) if yet unsold. It may also consist of periodic income such as dividends, interest, or rental income. The return may also inclu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Personal Finance
Personal finance is the financial management that an individual or a family unit performs to budget, save, and spend monetary resources in a controlled manner, taking into account various financial risks and future life events. When planning personal finances, the individual would take into account the suitability of various banking products ( checking accounts, savings accounts, credit cards, and loans), insurance products ( health insurance, disability insurance, life insurance, etc.), and investment products ( bonds, stocks, real estate, etc.), as well as participation in monitoring and management of credit scores, income taxes, retirement funds and pensions. History Before a specialty in personal finance was developed, various closely related disciplines, such as family economics and consumer economics, were taught in various colleges as part of home economics for over 100 years. In 1920, Hazel Kyrk's dissertation at the University of Chicago was inst ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxation In The United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, taxation may involve payments to at least three different levels of government: Government of the United Kingdom, central government (HM Revenue and Customs), Devolution in the United Kingdom, devolved governments and Local government in the United Kingdom, local government. Central government revenues come primarily from income tax, National Insurance contributions, value added tax, United Kingdom corporation tax, corporation tax and Hydrocarbon oil duty, fuel duty. Local government revenues come primarily from grants from central government funds, business rates in England, Council Tax and increasingly from fees and charges such as those for decriminalised parking enforcement, on-street parking. In the fiscal year 2023–24, total government revenue was forecast to be £1,139.1 billion, or 40.9 per cent of Gross domestic product, GDP, with income taxes and National Insurance contributions standing at around £470 billion. History A uniform Land Tax (Eng ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stakeholder Pension Scheme
A stakeholder pension scheme is a type of personal pension in the United Kingdom. Aims The schemes were introduced on 6 April 2001 as a consequence of the Welfare Reform and Pensions Act 1999. They were intended to encourage more long-term saving for retirement, particularly among those on low to moderate earnings. They are required to meet a number of conditions set out in legislation, including a cap on charges, low minimum contributions, and flexibility in relation to stopping and starting contributions. Employers with five or more employees are required to provide access to a stakeholder pension scheme for their employees unless they offer a suitable alternative pension scheme. The features of stakeholder pensions were intended to make them cheaper to sell than existing personal pensions and to provide a more transparent and attractive saving vehicle. Although many stakeholder pensions have been taken out, they have largely not been successful in encouraging lower earner ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Self-invested Personal Pension
A self-invested personal pension (SIPP) is the name given to the type of UK government-registered personal pension scheme which allows individuals to make their own investment decisions from a wide range of investments by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). SIPPs are "tax wrappers", allowing tax rebates on contributions in exchange for limits on accessibility. SIPPs are tax-efficient investment vehicles as they allow investors to receive income tax relief on their contributions at their highest Tax_rate#Marginal, marginal tax rate. Any contributions from employers will reduce their corporate tax liability. The investments can grow tax-free, a lump sum can be taken by the investor tax-free on retirement, and SIPPs attract better inheritance tax treatment if the beneficiary dies before the age of 75. The HMRC rules allow for a greater range of investments to be held than personal pension schemes, notably equities and property. Rules for contributions, benefit withdrawal etc. are the sam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Retirement Annuity Plan
Retirement annuity plan is a financial product that ensures regular income to retirees in later years. A 'Retirement annuity plan (RAP) is a type of retirement plan similar to IRA that provides a stream of regular (single) distributions to an insured retiree. Time intervals between distributions as well as their amount are defined by conditions and type of the annuity between issuer organization and client. Nowadays many types of retirement annuities are offered on the market. Accumulation & Distribution Phase Accumulation Phase The Accumulation Phase of a retirement plan is a period of an individual's life in which they are working and are able to save money for retirement. The accumulation phase begins when an individual starts to save money for retirement and ends when they start to receive distributions. When individuals decide to buy an annuity they agree to pay a lump upfront or to make regular deposits to the insurance institution. The money individuals pay to the insuran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pension Tax Simplification
Pension tax simplification, sometimes referred to as pension simplification was a British overhaul in 2006 of taxation rules for United Kingdom pension schemes. The aim was to reduce the complicated patchwork of legislation built-up by successive administrations which were seen as acting as a barrier to the public when considering retirement planning. The measures were introduced as part of the UK government's Finance Act 2004. The new regime introduced considerable freedom in the tax relievable contributions for pension schemes and the assets in which they may be invested. It was a significant change to the UK pension system at that time. History The pension tax simplification was a policy announced in 2004 by the Labour government to rationalise the British tax system as applied to pension schemes. The government wanted to encourage retirement provision by simplifying the previous eight tax regimes into one single regime for all individual and occupational pensions. The measu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Income Drawdown
Income drawdown is a method withdrawing benefits from a UK Registered Pension Scheme. In theory, it is available under any money purchase pension scheme. However, it is, in practice, rarely offered by occupational pensions and is therefore generally only available to those who own, or transfer to, a personal pension. There are a number of different types of draw-down structures: *Capped income drawdown - these permit the policy holder to withdraw an annual income between nothing and a maximum based on the initial fund value, their age at the time, and the current rates set by the UK Government Actuary's Department. The maximum is revised every three years until the 75th birthday and thereafter at annual intervals. The individual can choose to buy an annuity at any time. *Flexible income drawdown - these allowed anyone who could prove they had enough qualifying secure pension earnings, to have unlimited access to their other pension fund. For flexible drawdown declarations made b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Retirement Annuity Plan
Retirement annuity plan is a financial product that ensures regular income to retirees in later years. A 'Retirement annuity plan (RAP) is a type of retirement plan similar to IRA that provides a stream of regular (single) distributions to an insured retiree. Time intervals between distributions as well as their amount are defined by conditions and type of the annuity between issuer organization and client. Nowadays many types of retirement annuities are offered on the market. Accumulation & Distribution Phase Accumulation Phase The Accumulation Phase of a retirement plan is a period of an individual's life in which they are working and are able to save money for retirement. The accumulation phase begins when an individual starts to save money for retirement and ends when they start to receive distributions. When individuals decide to buy an annuity they agree to pay a lump upfront or to make regular deposits to the insurance institution. The money individuals pay to the insuran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Investment Fund
An investment fund is a way of investment, investing money alongside other investors in order to benefit from the inherent advantages of working as part of a group such as reducing the risks of the investment by a significant percentage. These advantages include an ability to: * hire professional investment managers, who may offer better returns and more adequate risk management; * benefit from economies of scale, i.e., lower transaction costs; * increase the asset diversification (finance), diversification to reduce some unsystematic risk. It remains unclear whether professional active investment managers can reliably enhance risk adjusted returns by an amount that exceeds fees and expenses of investment management. Terminology varies with country but investment funds are often referred to as investment pools, collective investment vehicles, collective investment schemes, managed funds, or simply funds. The regulatory term is undertaking for collective investment in transferable ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
