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People Meter
A people meter is an audience measurement tool used to measure the viewing habits of TV and cable audiences. Meter The People Meter is a 'box', about the size of a paperback book. The box is hooked up to each television set and is accompanied by a remote control unit. Each family member in a sample household is assigned a personal 'viewing button'. It identifies each household member's age and sex. If the TV is turned on and the viewer doesn't identify themselves, the meter flashes to remind them. Additional buttons on the People Meter enable guests to participate in the sample by recording their age, sex and viewing status into the system. Another version of the device is small, about the size of a beeper, that plugs into the wall below or near each TV set in household. It monitors anything that comes on the TV and relays the information with the small Portable People Meter to narrow down who is watching what and when. The device, known as a 'frequency-based meter', was invente ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portable People Meter
The Portable People Meter (PPM), also known as the Nielsen Meter, is a system developed by Arbitron (now Nielsen Audio) to measure how many people are exposed to individual Radio broadcasting, radio stations and television stations. This also includes cable television. The PPM is worn like a pager and detects hidden audio tones within a station or network's audio stream, logging each time it finds a signal. There are several parts to the PPM system: *An Encoder receiver transmitter, encoder that inserts the tones subliminally into a station's or broadcast network's airchain via Psychoacoustics, psychoacoustic masking. *A wikt:monitor#Noun, monitor that checks that the encoder is working properly. *The wearable Portable People Meter carried by each panelist. *A base station for each PPM, where each panelist in the household places it overnight to Rechargeable battery, recharge the battery. *A portable charger for Tourism, vacations and other trips away from the home base. PPM ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Audience Measurement
Audience measurement calculates how many people are in an audience, usually in relation to radio listenership and television viewership, but also in relation to newspaper and magazine readership and, increasingly, web traffic. The term is sometimes used with regard to practices that help broadcasters and advertisers determine ''who'' is listening, rather than ''how many'' people are listening. In some parts of the world, the resulting numbers are referred to as audience share; in other places, the broader term market share is used. This broader meaning is also known as audience research. Measurements are broken down by media market, which corresponds to large and small metropolitan areas. Methods Diaries The diary was one of the first methods of recording information. However, this is prone to mistakes, forgetfulness and subjectivity. Data is collected down to the level of listener opinion of individual songs cross-referenced against age, race, and economic status in liste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blog
A blog (a Clipping (morphology), truncation of "weblog") is an informational website consisting of discrete, often informal diary-style text entries also known as posts. Posts are typically displayed in Reverse chronology, reverse chronological order so that the most recent post appears first, at the top of the web page. In the 2000s, blogs were often the work of a single individual, occasionally of a small group, and often covered a single subject or topic. In the 2010s, multi-author blogs (MABs) emerged, featuring the writing of multiple authors and sometimes professionally Editing, edited. MABs from newspapers, other News media, media outlets, universities, think tanks, advocacy groups, and similar institutions account for an increasing quantity of blog Web traffic, traffic. The rise of Twitter and other "microblogging" systems helps integrate MABs and single-author blogs into the news media. ''Blog'' can also be used as a verb, meaning ''to maintain or add content to a blog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Inventions
The following is a list and timeline of innovations as well as inventions and discovery (observation), discoveries that involved British people or the United Kingdom including the history of the formation of the United Kingdom, predecessor states before the Treaty of Union in 1707, the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland. This list covers, but is not limited to, innovation and invention in the mechanical, electronic, and industrial fields, as well as medicine, military devices and theory, artistic and scientific discovery and innovation, and ideas in religion and ethics. Factors that historians note spurred innovation and discovery include the 17th century Scientific Revolution and the 18th/19th century Industrial Revolution. Another possible influence is the British patent system which had medieval origins and was codified with the Patent Law Amendment Act 1852 (15 & 16 Vict. c. 83). 17th century ;1605 *Bacon's cipher, a method of steganography (hiding a secret ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1987 Establishments In The United States
Events January * January 1 – Bolivia reintroduces the Boliviano currency. * January 2 – Chadian–Libyan conflict – Battle of Fada: The Military of Chad, Chadian army destroys a Libyan armoured brigade. * January 3 – Afghan leader Mohammad Najibullah says that Afghanistan's 1978 Communist revolution is "not reversible," and that any opposition parties will have to align with Communist goals. * January 4 – ** 1987 Maryland train collision: An Amtrak train en route from Washington, D.C. to Boston collides with Conrail engines at Chase, Maryland, United States, killing 16 people. ** Televangelist Oral Roberts announces to his viewers that unless they donate $8 million to his ministry by March 31, God will "call [him] home." * January 15 – Hu Yaobang, General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party, is forced into retirement by political conservatives. * January 16 – León Febres Cordero, president of Ecuador, is kidnapped for 11 hours by followers of imprisoned ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1986 Introductions
The year 1986 was designated as the International Year of Peace by the United Nations. Events January * January 1 ** Aruba gains increased autonomy from the Netherlands by separating from the Netherlands Antilles. ** Spain and Portugal enter the European Community, which becomes the European Union in 1993. * January 11 – The Sir Leo Hielscher Bridges, Gateway Bridge in Brisbane, Australia, at this time the world's longest prestressed concrete free-cantilever bridge, is opened. * January 13–January 24, 24 – South Yemen Civil War. * January 20 – The United Kingdom and France announce plans to construct the Channel Tunnel. * January 24 – The Voyager 2 space probe makes its first encounter with Uranus. * January 25 – Yoweri Museveni's National Resistance Army Rebel group takes over Uganda after leading a Ugandan Bush War, five-year guerrilla war in which up to half a million people are believed to have been killed. They will later use January 26 as the official dat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Market Research
Market research is an organized effort to gather information about target markets and customers. It involves understanding who they are and what they need. It is an important component of business strategy and a major factor in maintaining competitiveness. Market research helps to identify and analyze the needs of the market, the market size and the competition. Its techniques encompass both qualitative techniques such as focus groups, in-depth interviews, and ethnography, as well as quantitative techniques such as customer surveys, and analysis of secondary data. It includes social and opinion research, and is the systematic gathering and interpretation of information about individuals or organizations using statistical and analytical methods and techniques of the applied social sciences to gain insight or support decision making. Market research, marketing research, and marketing are a sequence of business activities; sometimes these are handled informally. The field of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Broadcasting
Broadcasting is the data distribution, distribution of sound, audio audiovisual content to dispersed audiences via a electronic medium (communication), mass communications medium, typically one using the electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves), in a :wikt:one-to-many, one-to-many model. Broadcasting began with AM radio, which came into popular use around 1920 with the spread of vacuum tube radio transmitters and radio receiver, receivers. Before this, most implementations of electronic communication (early radio, telephone, and telegraph) were wikt:one-to-one, one-to-one, with the message intended for a single recipient. The term ''broadcasting'' evolved from its use as the agricultural method of sowing seeds in a field by casting them broadly about. It was later adopted for describing the widespread distribution of information by printed materials or by telegraph. Examples applying it to "one-to-many" radio transmissions of an individual station to multiple listeners appeared as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Audience Measurement
Audience measurement calculates how many people are in an audience, usually in relation to radio listenership and television viewership, but also in relation to newspaper and magazine readership and, increasingly, web traffic. The term is sometimes used with regard to practices that help broadcasters and advertisers determine ''who'' is listening, rather than ''how many'' people are listening. In some parts of the world, the resulting numbers are referred to as audience share; in other places, the broader term market share is used. This broader meaning is also known as audience research. Measurements are broken down by media market, which corresponds to large and small metropolitan areas. Methods Diaries The diary was one of the first methods of recording information. However, this is prone to mistakes, forgetfulness and subjectivity. Data is collected down to the level of listener opinion of individual songs cross-referenced against age, race, and economic status in liste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Television Technology
The technology of television has evolved since its early days using a mechanical system invented by Paul Gottlieb Nipkow in 1884. Every television system works on the scanning principle first implemented in the rotating disk scanner of Nipkow. This turns a two-dimensional image into a time series of signals that represent the brightness and color of each resolvable element of the picture. By repeating a two-dimensional image quickly enough, the impression of motion can be transmitted as well. For the receiving apparatus to reconstruct the image, synchronization information is included in the signal to allow proper placement of each line within the image and to identify when a complete image has been transmitted and a new image is to follow. While mechanically scanned systems were experimentally used, television as a mass medium was made practical by the development of electronic camera tubes and displays. By the turn of the 21st century, it was technically feasible to replace ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Single-source Data
Single-source data (also single source) is the measurement of TV and/or other mass media's advertising exposure and purchase behavior, over time for the same individual or household. This measurement is gauged through the collection of data components supplied by one or more parties overlapped through a single integrated system of data collection matched to the person or household level. How these data are stored is known as a single-source database. In TV advertising measurement, single-source data is used to explore how advertising exposure influences individuals or households' loyalty and buying behavior across different windows of time, e.g., year, quarter, month, and week. Single-source data is a compilation of 1, home-scanned sales records and/or loyalty card purchases from retail or grocery stores and other commercial operations. 2, ad exposure (or not) from TV tune-in data from cable set-top boxes or people meters (pushbutton or passive) or household tuning meters. Lastly, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amanda D
Amanda is a Latin feminine gerundive (i.e. verbal adjective) name meaning, literally, "she who must (or is fit to) be loved". Other translations, with similar meaning, could be "deserving to be loved," "worthy of love," or "loved very much by everyone." Its diminutive form includes Mandy, Manda and Amy. It is common in countries where Germanic and Romance languages are spoken. "Amanda" comes from ''ama-'' (the stem of the Latin verb ''amare'', "to love") plus the feminine nominative singular gerundive ending (''-nda''). Other names, especially female names, were derived from this verb form, such as "Miranda". The name "Amanda" occasionally appears in Late Antiquity, such as the Amanda who was the "wife of the ex-advocate and ex-provincial governor Aper (q.v.); she cared for his estates and raised their children after he adopted the monastic life: 'curat illa saeculi curas, ne tu cures (Paul. Nol. Epist. 44.4). Accessed 19 April 2021. In England the name "Amanda" first appea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
