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People's Unity (Czechoslovakia)
Popular Unity (, UP) was a left-wing political alliance in Chile that stood behind the successful candidacy of Salvador Allende for the 1970 Chilean presidential election. History Successor to the FRAP coalition, Popular Unity originally comprised most of the Chilean Left: the Socialist Party, the Communist Party, the Radical Party, the Social Democrat Party, the Independent Popular Action and MAPU (''Movimiento de Acción Popular Unitario''). They were later joined in 1971 by the Christian Left and in 1972 by the MAPU Obrero Campesino (a splinter group). UP also initially included the moderate Party of the Radical Left, but in 1972 it joined the opposition (inside the Confederation of Democracy). UP's leader, Salvador Allende, was a Marxist who co-founded Chile's Socialist Party. His slight plurality in the election resulted in his confirmation as president by the National Congress of Chile. The loose and conditional support from the Christian Democratic Party that made this ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
FRAP (Chile)
The FRAP (, Popular Action Front) was a Chilean left-wing coalition of parties from 1956 to 1969. It presented twice a common candidate, Salvador Allende, for the 1958 and the 1964 presidential elections. Succeeding to the FRENAP formed the preceding year, the FRAP itself was succeeded by the Popular Unity coalition. Composition of the coalition The FRAP succeeded to the FRENAP (''Frente Nacional del Pueblo'', People's National Front), formed the following year by a coalition of the Socialist Party (PS) and the Communist Party (PCCh). The new coalition, created on February 28, 1956, as a platform of movements struggling for an "anti-imperialist, anti- oligarch and anti-feudal program." Apart from the Socialist and the Communist parties, the FRAP included: the Popular Socialist Party (until its merger in 1957 with the PS); the People's Democratic Party (''Partido Democrático del Pueblo''), which merged in 1960 with the PS to form the PADENA (which in turn withdrew itsel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chile
Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, stretching along a narrow strip of land between the Andes, Andes Mountains and the Pacific Ocean. Chile had a population of 17.5 million as of the latest census in 2017 and has a territorial area of , sharing borders with Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage to the south. The country also controls several Pacific islands, including Juan Fernández Islands, Juan Fernández, Isla Salas y Gómez, Desventuradas Islands, Desventuradas, and Easter Island, and claims about of Antarctica as the Chilean Antarctic Territory. The capital and largest city of Chile is Santiago, and the national language is Spanish language, Spanish. Conquest of Chile, Spain conquered and colonized the region in the mid-16th century, replacing Incas in Central Chile, Inca rule; however, they Arauco War ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marxism
Marxism is a political philosophy and method of socioeconomic analysis. It uses a dialectical and materialist interpretation of historical development, better known as historical materialism, to analyse class relations, social conflict, and social transformation. Marxism originates from the works of 19th-century German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Marxism has developed over time into various branches and schools of thought, and as a result, there is no single, definitive " Marxist theory". Marxism has had a profound effect in shaping the modern world, with various left-wing and far-left political movements taking inspiration from it in varying local contexts. In addition to the various schools of thought, which emphasize or modify elements of classical Marxism, several Marxian concepts have been incorporated into an array of social theories. This has led to widely varying conclusions. Alongside Marx's critique of political economy, the defining cha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Confederation Of Democracy
The Confederation of Democracy (, CODE) was an electoral alliance of center-right Chilean political parties formed in July 1972. Its main purpose was to unite all the opposition parties of the Popular Unity government to face the parliamentary elections in March 1973. Its main objective was to optimize the collection of votes and seats, and accomplish the majority of Congress and thus obtain at least two thirds of the deputies. History Between the opposition to the Popular Unity government, there were two opposing views. On the one hand the National Party (, PN) and the Radical Democracy (, DR) who saw the CODE as a way to definitively defeat the parties of the Popular Unity (, UP). The Christian Democratic Party (, PDC), together with the Radical Left Party (, PIR) and the National Democratic Party (, PADENA), constituted for them a way of controlling the UP within the legal framework. To do so, they took advantage of the opinion of the Electoral Court of June 6, 1972, which a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Party Of Social Democracy (Chile)
The Chilean Social Democracy Party (Spanish: ''Partido Socialdemocracia Chilena'' (SDCH), until August 1973 Radical Left Party (''Partido Izquierda Radical'') was a Chilean political party of centre to centre-left orientation, formed by dissident Radicals in 1971. History In its XXV Congress that took place from 31 July to 5 August 1971, the Radical Party confirmed the left-wing line it had taken already in 1967. The congress declared that the Radicals discard bourgeois democracy as an instrument of capitalist domination and the Radical Party is now a socialist party, that subscribes to class struggle and historical materialism. Disquieted by the Marxist influence, on 3 August, the Senators Bossay, Baltra, Acuña, Juliet and Aguirre and deputies Ibáñez, Magalhaes, Naudón, Basso, Clavel, Sharpe and Muñoz Barra left the Radical Party. They founded a new party of radicals with more moderate political views, though paradoxically called Partido Izquierda Radical – Party of Radic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MAPU Obrero Campesino
The MAPU Obrero Campesino (Spanish abbr. MAPU/OC; MAPU Worker-Peasant) was a leftist political party in Chile that was formed after a split of MAPU in March 1973. It claimed to represent the political legacy of Rodrigo Ambrosio, the principal founder of the original MAPU, who had died in May 1972. The MAPU/OC aimed at forming a "third proletarian party" in Chile, supporting cooperation with the Communist Party of Chile and the Socialist Party. It adhered to the more “moderate”, legalistic tendency of Unidad Popular, like the Communist Party and Radicals. It regarded the formation of the government of Salvador Allende as the principal victory for people and democracy and distanced itself from more extremist left-wing groups like MIR. It had two ministers in Allende's government ( Fernando Flores and Juan Carlos Concha) and a number of other state functionaries were among its ranks. The MAPU/OC proclaimed that "the Chilean revolution was going through a national democ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian Left Party Of Chile
The Citizen Left Party of Chile (, IC), known until 2013 as Christian Left Party of Chile (, same acronym) was a Chilean left-wing political party. Founded in 1971, in its early days it was suppressed by the Pinochet dictatorship. It was part of the Nueva Mayoría coalition, supporting the presidential candidacy president Michelle Bachelet in 2013. History The Christian Left Party was founded when a number of Christian Democrats left their party in protest against the party's cooperation with the right-wing forces and confrontation with the Allende government. Thus, on 31 July 1971, Bosco Parra declared that he saw no future for Christian left positions within the Christian Democrat party. He was joined by six other MPs, Fernando Buzeta, Jaime Concha, Alberto Jaramillo, Luís Maira, Pedro Urra and Pedro Videla, as well as by Silvia Alvarez, the only woman and Luís Badilla, the leader of the Christian Democratic youth organization. At this stage, the new organization was j ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MAPU
The Popular Unitary Action Movement or MAPU () was a small leftist political party in Chile. It was part of the Popular Unity coalition during the government of Salvador Allende. MAPU was repressed during the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet. In this period, some of its most radical members formed the Movimiento Juvenil Lautaro, whose leaders were political prisoners during the dictatorship and with the return to democracy. Another faction of the former members of the party joined the social democratic Party for Democracy in 1987. MAPU was part of the Popular Unity coalition of progressive political parties working to expand the role of everyday people in politics within Allende's government. It worked alongside the Socialist Party (PS) Revolutionary Left Movement (MIR), the Radical Party (PR) and Christian Left (IC) and dissented from Allende and the Communist Party to support a leftist counter-protest on May 12, 1972. This was known as "the first People's Assembly." H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independent Popular Action
The Independent Popular Action (, API) was a Chilean political party, created on 27 April 1968, intended to be part of the Popular Unity and support the candidacy of Salvador Allende in the presidential election of 1970. Its main leader was Rafael Tarud. In 1969, together with the Popular Unitary Action Movement, the Radical Party, the Socialist Party and the Communist Party, it was part of the political agreement called Popular Unity of Marxist ideals, to support the government of Salvador Allende. In the case of API, it was an organization that brought together left-wing independent elements, and less revolutionary than the MAPU and the MIR. The party joined the moderate wing of the UP, maintaining a critical position. In the parliamentary elections of 1973 the party managed to elect two deputies: Silvia Araya González and Luis Osvaldo Escobar Astaburuaga. The party was dissolved and banned by Decree Law No. 77 of October 8, 1973, signed by the military Junta A mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Democrat Party (Chile)
The Social Democrat Party (, PSD) was a political party of Chile founded on 11 September 1967 by the Senator Luis Fernando Luengo and the Deputy Patricio Hurtado Pereira. History Luis Fernando Luengo was a member of the National Democratic Party and Patricio Hurtado, had renounced his membership in the Christian Democratic Party to create the Movement of National Rebellion (, MORENA) in 1964. The party was one deputy and one senator. For the 1969 elections the party elected one senator but had no deputies. In the presidential elections of 1970 the party supported Salvador Allende Salvador Guillermo Allende Gossens (26 June 1908 – 11 September 1973) was a Chilean socialist politician who served as the 28th president of Chile from 1970 until Death of Salvador Allende, his death in 1973 Chilean coup d'état, 1973. As a ... and on 11 August 1972 the party was dissolved and its members moved to the Radical Party. Among its leaders were Lautaro Ojeda, Plácido Contreras, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radical Party (Chile)
The Radical Party (Spanish: ''Partido Radical'') was a Chilean political party. It was formed in 1863 in Copiapó by a split in the Liberal Party (Chile, 1849–1966), Liberal Party. Not coincidentally, it was formed shortly after the organization of the Grand Lodge of Chile, and has maintained a close relationship with Chilean Freemasonry throughout its life. As such, it represented the anticlericalism, anticlericalist position in Chilean politics, and was instrumental in producing the "theological reforms" in Chilean law in the early 1880s. These laws removed the cemeteries from the control of the Roman Catholic Church, established a civil registry of births and death in place of the previous recordkeeping of the church, and established a civil law of matrimony, which removed the determination of validity of marriages from the church. Prior to these laws, it was impossible for non-Catholics to contract marriage in Chile, and meant that any children they produced were illegitimat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist Party Of Chile
The Communist Party of Chile (, ) is a communist party in Chile. It was founded in 1912 as the Socialist Workers' Party () and adopted its current name in 1922. The party established a youth wing, the Communist Youth of Chile (, JJ.CC), in 1932. History The PCCh was founded on 4 June 1912 by Luis Emilio Recabarren, after he left the Democrat Party. The party was initially known as the Socialist Workers' Party, before adopting its current name on 2 January 1922. It achieved congressional representation shortly thereafter and played a leading role in the development of the Chilean labor movement. Closely tied to the Soviet Union and the Third International, the PCCh participated in the Popular Front (''Frente Popular'') government of 1938, growing rapidly among the unionized working class in the 1940s. It then participated to the Popular Front's successor, the Democratic Alliance. Concern over the PCCh's success at building a strong electoral base, combined with the onset ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
