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Penicillium Rugulosum
''Penicillium rugulosum'' is an anamorph species of fungus in the genus ''Penicillium ''Penicillium'' () is a genus of Ascomycota, ascomycetous fungus, fungi that is part of the mycobiome of many species and is of major importance in the natural environment, in food spoilage, and in food and drug production. Some members of th ...'' which produces inulinase, luteoskyrin and (+) rugulosin. Further reading * * * * * * * References {{Taxonbar, from=Q10623053 rugulosum Fungi described in 1910 Taxa named by Charles Thom Fungus species ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anamorph
In mycology, the terms teleomorph, anamorph, and holomorph apply to portions of the life cycles of fungi in the phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota: *Teleomorph: the sexual reproductive stage (morph), typically a fruiting body. *Anamorph: an asexual reproductive stage (morph), often mold-like. When a single fungus produces multiple morphologically distinct anamorphs, these are called synanamorphs. *Holomorph: the whole fungus, including anamorphs and teleomorph. The terms were introduced in 1981 to simplify the discussion of the procedures of the existing dual-naming system, which (1) permitted anamorphs to have their separate names but (2) treated teleomorphic names as having precedence for being used as the holomorphic name. The ''Melbourne Code'' removes the provisions and allows all names to compete on equal footing for priority as the correct name of a fungus, and hence does not use the term ''holomorph'' any more. Dual naming of fungi Fungi are classified primarily based o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Penicillium
''Penicillium'' () is a genus of Ascomycota, ascomycetous fungus, fungi that is part of the mycobiome of many species and is of major importance in the natural environment, in food spoilage, and in food and drug production. Some members of the genus produce penicillin, a molecule that is used as an antibiotic, which kills or stops the growth of certain kinds of bacteria. Other species are used in cheesemaking. According to the ''Dictionary of the Fungi'' (10th edition, 2008), the widespread genus contains over 300 species. Taxonomy The genus was first described in the scientific literature by Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link in his 1809 work ; he wrote, , () where means "having tufts of fine hair". Link included three species—''Penicillium candidum, P. candidum'', ''Penicillium expansum, P. expansum'', and ''Penicillium glaucum, P. glaucum''—all of which produced a brush-like conidiophore (asexual spore-producing structure). The common apple rot fungus ''P.&n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inulinase
Inulinase ( and , inulase, endoinulinase, endo-inulinase, exoinulinase, 2,1-β-D-fructan fructanohydrolase) is an enzyme with systematic name 1-β-D-fructan fructanohydrolase. It catalyses the reaction: : Endohydrolysis of (2→1)-β-D-fructosidic linkages in inulin Inulinase has 2 EC numbers of 3.2.1.7, and 3.2.1.8, for endo- and -exo inulinases, respectively. This classifies it as a hydrolase, specifically a glycosylase of glycosidic nature capable of hydrolyzing O- and S- glycosyl. Due to its chemical reactions, the food industry uses this enzyme to create high fructose syrup. It can be extracted from many tuber vegetables, such as Jerusalem artichoke, dahlia, and chicory. Reaction mechanism The enzymatic reaction occurs between the inulinase and the inulin, with the assistance of water via hydrolysis. It's typically done within one step. The reaction centers around the breakage of a bond. The products result in fructose syrup and fructo-oligosaccharide. When these prod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luteoskyrin
Luteoskyrin is a carcinogenic mycotoxin A mycotoxin (from the Greek μύκης , "fungus" and τοξικός , "poisonous") is a toxic secondary metabolite produced by fungi and is capable of causing disease and death in both humans and other animals. The term 'mycotoxin' is usually rese ... with the molecular formula C30H22O12 which is produced by the mold '' Penicillium islandicum''. Luteoskyrin has strong cytotoxic effects. Luteoskyrin can cause the yellow rice disease. References Further reading * * * * Mycotoxins Polycyclic organic compounds {{organic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rugulosin
Rugulosin is an anthraquinoid mycotoxin with the molecular formula C30H22O10 which is produced by ''Penicillium'' species. Rugulosin is hepatotoxic Hepatotoxicity (from ''hepatic toxicity'') implies chemical-driven liver damage. Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a cause of acute and chronic liver disease caused specifically by medications and the most common reason for a drug to be withdr ... and is cancerogenic. References Further reading * * * * * * * * Mycotoxins {{organic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungi Described In 1910
A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one of the traditional eukaryotic kingdoms, along with Animalia, Plantae, and either Protista or Protozoa and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''true fungi'' or ''Eumycete ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxa Named By Charles Thom
In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; : taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and given a particular ranking, especially if and when it is accepted or becomes established. It is very common, however, for taxonomists to remain at odds over what belongs to a taxon and the criteria used for inclusion, especially in the context of rank-based (" Linnaean") nomenclature (much less so under phylogenetic nomenclature). If a taxon is given a formal scientific name, its use is then governed by one of the nomenclature codes specifying which scientific name is correct for a particular grouping. Initial attempts at classifying and ordering organisms (plants and animals) were presumably set forth in prehistoric times by hunter-gatherers, as suggested by the fairly sophisticated folk taxonomies. Much later, Aristotle, and later still ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
