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Pehlavan Bey Bayandur
Pehlavan bey Bayandur (Azerbaijani language, Azerbaijani and ) was founder and first ruler of Aq Qoyunlu state. Life He was a son of Idris bey Bayandur. For the first time during his reign, Bayandur eli settled in Diyarbakir region. According to Kitab-i Diyarbakriyya, the Bayandur people captured the fortress of Alinja Tower during his reign and defeated several Mongol commanders. He was the father of Aladdin Turali Bey. He died in 1340. After his death, his son Turali Bey succeeded him and remained in power until 1362.Faruk Sümer, «Ak Koyunlular», Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları,İstanbul, «Şubat», 1986. References 14th-century Aq Qoyunlu rulers 14th-century births 1340 deaths Year of birth unknown Azerbaijani nobility {{Aq Qoyunlu leaders ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diyarbakır
Diyarbakır is the largest Kurdish-majority city in Turkey. It is the administrative center of Diyarbakır Province. Situated around a high plateau by the banks of the Tigris river on which stands the historic Diyarbakır Fortress, it is the administrative capital of the Diyarbakır Province of southeastern Turkey. It is the second-largest city in the Southeastern Anatolia Region. As of December 2024, the Metropolitan Province population was 1 833 684 of whom 1 164 940 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of the 4 urban districts ( Bağlar, Kayapınar, Sur and Yenişehir). Diyarbakır has been a main focal point of the conflict between the Turkish state and various Kurdish separatist groups, and is seen by many Kurds as the de facto capital of Kurdistan. The city was intended to become the capital of an independent Kurdistan following the Treaty of Sèvres, but this was disregarded following subsequent political developments. On 6 February 2023 Diyarbakır ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aladdin Turali Bey
Bey Tur-Ali, also Aladdin Turali Bey was the second ruler of Aq Qoyunlu state. Life He was a son of Pehlavan bey Bayandur Pehlavan bey Bayandur (Azerbaijani language, Azerbaijani and ) was founder and first ruler of Aq Qoyunlu state. Life He was a son of Idris bey Bayandur. For the first time during his reign, Bayandur eli settled in Diyarbakir region. According to ..., who for the first time had settled the Bayandur tribe in Diyarbakir region. Turali Bey succeeded his father in 1340 and remained in power until 1362.Faruk Sümer, «Ak Koyunlular», Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları,İstanbul, «Şubat», 1986. References 14th-century Aq Qoyunlu rulers 14th-century births 1362 deaths Year of birth unknown {{Aq Qoyunlu leaders ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Azerbaijani Language
Azerbaijani ( ; , , ) or Azeri ( ), also referred to as Azerbaijani Turkic or Azerbaijani Turkish (, , ), is a Turkic languages, Turkic language from the Oghuz languages, Oghuz sub-branch. It is spoken primarily by the Azerbaijanis, Azerbaijani people, who live mainly in the Azerbaijan, Republic of Azerbaijan, where the North Azerbaijani Variety (linguistics), variety is spoken, while Iranian Azerbaijanis in the Azerbaijan (Iran), Azerbaijan region of Iran, speak the South Azerbaijani Variety (linguistics), variety. Azerbaijani is the only official language in the Republic of Azerbaijan and one of the 14 official languages of Dagestan (a Federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia), but it does not have official status in Iran, where the majority of Iranian Azerbaijanis, Iranian Azerbaijani people live. Azerbaijani is also spoken to lesser varying degrees in Azerbaijani communities of Georgia (country), Georgia and Turkey and by Azerbaijani diaspora, diaspora communi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aq Qoyunlu
The Aq Qoyunlu or the White Sheep Turkomans (, ; ) was a culturally Persianate society, Persianate,Kaushik Roy, ''Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400–1750'', (Bloomsbury, 2014), 38; "Post-Mongol Persia and Iraq were ruled by two tribal confederations: Akkoyunlu (White Sheep) (1378–1507) and Qaraoyunlu (Black Sheep). They were Persianate Turkoman Confederations of Anatolia (Asia Minor) and Azerbaijan." Sunni Islam, SunniMichael M. Gunter, ''Historical dictionary of the Kurds'' (2010), p. 29 Turkoman (ethnonym), Turkoman tribal confederation. Founded in the Diyar Bakr, Diyarbakir region by Qara Yuluk Uthman Beg, they ruled parts of present-day eastern Turkey from 1378 to 1508, and in their last decades also ruled Armenia, Azerbaijan, much of Iran, Iraq, and Oman where the ruler of Kingdom of Ormus, Hormuz recognised Aq Qoyunlu suzerainty. The Aq Qoyunlu empire reached its zenith under Uzun Hasan. History Etymology The name Aq Qoyunlu, literally meaning "those with w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bayandur
The Bayandur (, , ), also spelled Bayundur or Bayindir, is an Oghuz Turkic tribe. Originally one of the 7 original tribes that made up the Kimek–Kipchak confederation, they later joined the Oghuz Turks. The Bayandur originated from Central Asia. History The Bayandur are known from Arab and Persian sources. The Bayandur was one of the 7 original tribes that made up the Kimek confederation, along with the Imur/Imi, Imak Tatar, Kipchak, Lanikaz and Ajlad. The Kimek tribes originated in the Central Asian steppes, and had migrated to the territory of present-day Kazakhstan. The Bayandur, as part of the Kimek, were mentioned by Gardizi. The Bayandur left the Kimek and joined the Oghuz. After disintegrating, half of the tribe united with the Kipchaks. While part of the Oghuz, they were mentioned by Kashgari. They were described in the Russian annals on 11th-century events while part of the Kipchaks. Aq Qoyunlu The Aq Qoyunlu was referred to as ''Bayanduriyye'' in Iranian an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kitab-i Diyarbakriyya
''Ketāb-e Dīārbakrīya'' () is a book on the history of the Aq Qoyunlu The Aq Qoyunlu or the White Sheep Turkomans (, ; ) was a culturally Persianate society, Persianate,Kaushik Roy, ''Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400–1750'', (Bloomsbury, 2014), 38; "Post-Mongol Persia and Iraq were ruled by two trib ... and Qara Qoyunlu Turkmen dynasties, written in Persian. The book is considered the most important primary source on the history of these two dynasties. The author of the book is Abu Bakr Tehrani (). The book was written between 875/1469 and 883/1478. Author Abu Bakr Tehrani was a historian and official in the court of the Aq Qoyunlu and Qara Qoyunlu dynasties. The only information we have about him comes from his own autobiography in the book. He introduced himself as ''Abu Bakr al-Tehrani al-Esfahani'' (). Importance ''Ketāb-e Dīārbakrīya'' is the only independent primary source about the Aq Qoyunlu and Qara Qoyunlu Turkmen dynasties. Muhammad K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alinja Tower
The Alinja Tower, also known as Alinjagala, Alinja-gala () or the Armenian fortress of Yernjak up to the 14th century«Крепость Ернджак (Алинджа-кала)» /Бюллетень Кавказского историко-археологицкского института в Тифлисе, Выпуски 1-8 / p.16 – Изд-во Академия наук СССР, 1928 (Словарь топонимов Армении: Том 2. Pages 246-247.), is a tower located to the west of Khanega village, not far from Julfa city in Azerbaijan, on the right coast of the Alinja River (Alinjachay), higher of the Armenian monastery St. Karapet, on the top of Alinja Mountain. The tower was one of the strongest defensive buildings of its time. History The first mentions are in sources from the 1st century. The tower was founded and belonged to the Armenian lords of Syunik. It was one of the important fortress in Armenia. By the 10th century, the tower was in the hands of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mongol
Mongols are an East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia, China (Inner Mongolia and other 11 autonomous territories), as well as the republics of Buryatia and Kalmykia in Russia. The Mongols are the principal member of the large family of Mongolic peoples. The Oirats and the Buryats are classified either as distinct ethno-linguistic groups or as subgroups of Mongols. The Mongols are bound together by a common heritage and ethnic identity, descending from the Proto-Mongols. Their indigenous dialects are collectively known as the Mongolian language. The contiguous geographical area in which the Mongols primarily live is referred to as the Mongol heartland, especially in discussions of the Mongols' history under the Mongol Empire. Definition Broadly defined, the term includes the Mongols proper (also known as the Khalkha Mongols), Buryats, Oirats, the Kalmyks and the Southern Mongols. The latter comprises the Abaga Mongols, Abaganar, Aohans, Arkhorchin, Asud, Baarins, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Bakr Tihrani
Abu Bakr Tihrani (; died after 1481) was an Iranian secretary, who served under the Timurid, Qara Qoyunlu, and Aq Qoyunlu dynasties in the 15th century. Initially serving in the provincial ''divan'' of the Timurid ruler Shah Rukh (), Tihrani shifted his allegiance to the rising Qara Qoyunlu leader Jahan Shah (), whom he accompanied in his campaigns. However, with the downfall of the Qara Qoyunlu and the rise of the Aq Qoyunlu leader Uzun Hasan (), Tihrani eventually joined the latter in April 1469, becoming one of his close companions. He played an influential role in the correspondence of the Aq Qoyunlu, and also became their court historian, composing the ''Kitab-i Diyarbakriyya'' in 1473/4, the main account of the Qara Qoyunlu and Aq Qoyunlu. The last mention of Tihrani is in 1481; he probably died not longer after. Background What is little known of his life can only be found in his book, the ''Kitab-i Diyarbakriyya''. In its introduction, he calls himself "Abu Bakr al-Tih ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aladdin Turali Be
Bey Tur-Ali, also Aladdin Turali Bey was the second ruler of Aq Qoyunlu state. Life He was a son of Pehlavan bey Bayandur, who for the first time had settled the Bayandur The Bayandur (, , ), also spelled Bayundur or Bayindir, is an Oghuz Turkic tribe. Originally one of the 7 original tribes that made up the Kimek–Kipchak confederation, they later joined the Oghuz Turks. The Bayandur originated from Central Asia ... tribe in Diyarbakir region. Turali Bey succeeded his father in 1340 and remained in power until 1362.Faruk Sümer, «Ak Koyunlular», Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları,İstanbul, «Şubat», 1986. References 14th-century Aq Qoyunlu rulers 14th-century births 1362 deaths Year of birth unknown {{Aq Qoyunlu leaders ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
14th-century Aq Qoyunlu Rulers
The 14th century lasted from 1 January 1301 (represented by the Roman numerals MCCCI) to 31 December 1400 (MCD). It is estimated that the century witnessed the death of more than 45 million lives from political and natural disasters in both Europe and the Mongol Empire. West Africa experienced economic growth and prosperity. In Europe, the Black Death claimed 25 million lives wiping out one third of the European population while the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France fought in the protracted Hundred Years' War after the death of King Charles IV of France led to a claim to the French throne by King Edward III of England. This period is considered the height of chivalry and marks the beginning of strong separate identities for both England and France as well as the foundation of the Italian Renaissance and the Ottoman Empire. In Asia, Tamerlane (Timur), established the Timurid Empire, history's third largest empire to have been ever established by a single conqueror. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
