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Orphan Train
The Orphan Train Movement was a supervised welfare program that transported children from crowded Eastern cities of the United States to foster homes located largely in rural areas of the Midwestern United States, Midwest short on farming Child labour, labor. The orphan trains operated between 1854 and 1929, relocating about 200,000 children. The co-founders of the orphan train movement claimed that these children were orphaned, abandoned, abused, or homeless, but this was not always true. They were mostly the children of new immigrants and the children of the poor and destitute families living in these cities. Criticisms of the program include ineffective screening of caretakers, insufficient follow-ups on placements, and that many children were used as strictly slave farm labor. Three charitable institutions, Children's Village (founded 1851 by 24 philanthropists ), *a "...from the most careful inquiry, they regard suited to have the charge of such children. Six years of exper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Loring Brace
Charles Loring Brace (June 19, 1826 – August 11, 1890) was an American philanthropist who contributed to the field of social reform. He is considered a father of the modern foster care movement and was most renowned for starting the Orphan Train movement of the mid-19th century, and for founding Children's Aid Society. Early life Brace was born on June 19, 1826, in Litchfield, Connecticut. He was named after his uncle, the lawyer Charles Greely Loring, a defender of fugitive slave Thomas Sims. His mother died when he was 14, and he was raised by his father, a history teacher.Hall, Emily M. "Brace, Charles Loring (1826–1890)". In Burlingame, Dwight F. (ed.) (2004)''Philanthropy in America: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia'' Vol. 1, pp. 55–56. ABC-CLIO, Inc. . Education He graduated from Yale College in 1846. He pursued divinity and theology graduate studies at Yale, but left to study at Union Theological Seminary, from which he received his graduate degree i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sister Irene
Sister Irene (born Catherine Rosamund Fitzgibbon; May 12, 1823 – August 14, 1896) was an American nun who founded New York Foundling, the New York Foundling Hospital in 1869, at a time when abandoned infants were routinely sent to almshouses with the sick and insane. The first refuge was in a brownstone on E.12th St. in Manhattan, where babies could be left anonymously in a receiving crib with no questions asked. The practice was an echo of the medieval Baby hatch, foundling wheel and an early example of modern Safe-haven law, "safe haven" practices. As the number of infants in care grew, the Foundling Hospital came to occupy a full city block between 68th and 69th Streets. In conjunction with her work at the Foundling Hospital, in 1880, Sister Irene founded St. Ann's Maternity Hospital, at 13 East 69th Street. Sister Irene is among the pioneers of modern adoption, establishing a system to board out children rather than institutionalize them. Life Catherine Rosamund Fitzgibbo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New York Foundling
The New York Foundling, founded in 1869 by the Roman Catholic Sisters of Charity of New York, Sisters of Charity, is one of New York City's oldest and largest child welfare agencies. The Foundling operates programs in the five boroughs of New York City, Rockland County, and Puerto Rico. Its services include foster care, adoptions, educational programs, mental health services, and many other community-based services for children, families, and adults. History A wave of very poor immigrants and social disruption were among the many conditions that led to an epidemic of infanticide and abandonment during the late 1860s. It was not unusual for the Religious sisters, sisters at St. Peter's Convent on Barclay Street to find a tiny waif left on the doorstep. Sister Mary Irene FitzGibbon, of St. Peter's approached Mother Mary Jerome, the Superior of the Sisters of Charity, regarding the need of rescuing these children. Archbishop (afterwards Cardinal) John McCloskey urged the Sisters ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Jacob Astor III
John Jacob Astor III (June 10, 1822 – February 22, 1890) was an American financier, philanthropist and a soldier during the American Civil War. He was a prominent member of the Astor family, becoming the wealthiest member in his generation. Early life and education Astor was the eldest son of real estate businessman William Backhouse Astor Sr. and Margaret Alida Rebecca Armstrong. One of his younger brothers was businessman William Backhouse Astor Jr. His paternal grandparents were merchant-trader John Jacob Astor, who made his first fortune in the North American fur trade, and Sarah Cox Todd. Astor's maternal grandparents were Senator John Armstrong Jr. and Alida Livingston of the Livingston family. John Astor III studied at Columbia College, graduating in 1839, and the University of Göttingen, following which he went to Harvard Law School, graduating in 1842. He practiced law for a year, to qualify for assisting in the management of his family's immense estate, one half ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grand Island, Nebraska
Grand Island is a city in and the county seat of Hall County, Nebraska, Hall County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 53,131 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, making it the List of cities in Nebraska, 4th most populous city in Nebraska. Grand Island is the principal city of the Grand Island metropolitan area, which consists of Hall, Merrick County, Nebraska, Merrick, and Howard County, Nebraska, Howard counties. The Grand Island metropolitan area has an official population of 83,472 residents. Grand Island has been given the All-America City Award four times (1955, 1967, 1981, and 1982) by the National Civic League. Grand Island is home to the Nebraska Law Enforcement Training Center, which is the sole agency responsible for training law enforcement officers throughout the state, as well as the home of the Southern Power District serving southern Nebraska. Ammunition manufacturer Hornady is also located there. History 19th century In 1857, 35 German ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orphan Train Flyer
An orphan is a child whose parents have died, are unknown, or have permanently abandoned them. It can also refer to a child who has lost only one parent, as the Hebrew translation, for example, is "fatherless". In some languages, such as Swedish, the term is "parentless" and more ambiguous about whether the parents are dead, unknown or absconded, but typically refers to a child or younger adult. In common usage, only a child who has lost both parents due to death is called an orphan. When referring to animals, only the mother's condition is usually relevant (i.e., if the female parent has gone, the offspring is an orphan, regardless of the father's condition). Definitions Various groups use different definitions to identify orphans. One legal definition used in the United States is a minor bereft through "death or disappearance of, abandonment or desertion by, or separation or loss from, both parents". In everyday use, an orphan does not have any surviving parent to care for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dowagiac, Michigan
Dowagiac ( ) is a city in Cass County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 5,721 at the 2020 census. It is part of the South Bend South Bend is a city in St. Joseph County, Indiana, United States, and its county seat. It lies along the St. Joseph River (Lake Michigan), St. Joseph River near its southernmost bend, from which it derives its name. It is the List of cities in ...– Mishawaka, IN-MI, Metropolitan Statistical Area. Dowagiac is situated at the corner of four townships: Wayne Township to the northeast, LaGrange Township to the southeast, Pokagon Township to the southwest, and Silver Creek Township to the northwest. The city name comes from the Potawatomi word ''dewje'og'' meaning "fishing ear homewater". Dowagiac is the headquarters of the Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians and is also contained within the Indian reservation, reservation. History Dowagiac was first platted in 1848. It was incorporated as a village in 1863 and as a city in 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orphan Train (film)
''Orphan Train'' is an American TV movie directed by William Graham which was broadcast on CBS on December 22, 1979. It is based on the Orphan Train Movement, associated with the early days of Children's Aid and similar organizations. Plot Emma Simms, niece of the late Reverend Simms, witnesses the execution by hanging of a teenage boy for theft and assaulting a policeman. Miss Simms is mortified that the city would kill someone that young and remembers her uncle's dream to take such children out west for a better life. She decides that she will raise the funds and take the children herself. She acquires a train car with the help of Frank Carlin, a reporter who wants to travel with them and chronicle the story of the orphan train. The children traveling include Ben and Tony, Liverpool, JP (who is in fact a girl named Josephine), Sara, Mouse, Bruce, Annie, and Dutch, a young boy who speaks no English. As the train travels, they are delighted to see the mountains and hills, but M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Washington Post
''The Washington Post'', locally known as ''The'' ''Post'' and, informally, ''WaPo'' or ''WP'', is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C., the national capital. It is the most widely circulated newspaper in the Washington metropolitan area and has a national audience. As of 2023, the ''Post'' had 130,000 print subscribers and 2.5 million digital subscribers, both of which were the List of newspapers in the United States, third-largest among U.S. newspapers after ''The New York Times'' and ''The Wall Street Journal''. The ''Post'' was founded in 1877. In its early years, it went through several owners and struggled both financially and editorially. In 1933, financier Eugene Meyer (financier), Eugene Meyer purchased it out of bankruptcy and revived its health and reputation; this work was continued by his successors Katharine Graham, Katharine and Phil Graham, Meyer's daughter and son-in-law, respectively, who bought out several rival publications. The ''Post ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Natchez, Mississippi
Natchez ( ) is the only city in and the county seat of Adams County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 14,520 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census. Located on the Mississippi River across from Vidalia, Louisiana, Natchez was a prominent city in the Antebellum South, antebellum years, a center of cotton planters and Mississippi River trade. Natchez is approximately southwest of the State capital, capital of Jackson, Mississippi, Jackson and north of Baton Rouge, Louisiana, located on the lower Mississippi River. Natchez is the List of municipalities in Mississippi, 28th-largest city in the state. The city was named for the Natchez people, who with their ancestors, inhabited much of the area from the 8th century AD through the French colonial period. History Established by French colonization of the Americas, French colonists in 1716, Natchez is one of the oldest and most important European settlements in the lower Mississippi River Valley. After the Frenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orphanage
An orphanage is a residential institution, total institution or group home, devoted to the care of orphans and children who, for various reasons, cannot be cared by their biological families. The parents may be deceased, absent, or abusive. There may be substance abuse or mental illness in the biological home, or the parent may simply be unwilling to care for the child. The legal responsibility for the support of abandoned children differs from country to country, and within countries. Government-run orphanages have been phased out in most developed countries during the latter half of the 20th century but continue to operate in many other regions internationally. It is now generally accepted that orphanages are detrimental to the emotional wellbeing of children, and government support goes instead towards supporting the family unit. A few large international charities continue to fund orphanages, but most are still commonly founded by smaller charities and religious group ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
