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Official (other)
An official is, in the primary sense, someone who holds an office in an organisation, of any kind, but participating in the exercise of authority, such as in government. It may also refer to something endowed with governmental or other authoritative recognition or mandate, as in official language, official gazette, and official journal. Official may also refer to: People *DJ Official (1976–2016), professional name of Nelson J. Chu, an American Christian hip hop musician Religion * Religious official (other), a person who has ecclesiastical authority within a community of faith Sports *Referee, person who enforces the rules and maintains order in numerous sports, such as: **Official (basketball) ** Official (ice hockey) **Gridiron football: *** Official (American football) *** Official (Canadian football) ** Officials (Association football) ** Official (tennis) ** Official (rugby league) *Official scorer, person who records the events on the field in the game of base ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Official
An official is someone who holds an office (function or Mandate (politics), mandate, regardless of whether it carries an actual Office, working space with it) in an organization or government and participates in the exercise of authority (either their own or that of their superior or employer, public or legally private). An elected official is a person who is an official by virtue of an election. Officials may also be appointed ''ex officio'' (by virtue of another office, often in a specified capacity, such as presiding, advisory, secretary). Some official positions may be Inheritance, inherited. A person who currently holds an office is referred to as an incumbent. Something "official" refers to something endowed with governmental or other authoritative recognition or mandate, as in official language, official gazette, or official scorer. Etymology The word ''official'' as a noun has been recorded since the Middle English period, first seen in 1314. It comes from the Old French ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Official (American Football)
In gridiron football, an official is a person who has responsibility in enforcing the rules and maintaining the order of the game. During professional and most college football games, seven officials operate on the field. Since 2015, Division I college football conferences have used eight game officials, the Alliance of American Football (AAF) in its only season in 2019 and the XFL (2020), 2020 version of XFL have used eight game officials. College games outside the Division I level use six or seven officials. Arena football, high school football, and other levels of football have other officiating systems, which use less than the standard seven officials. High school football played under the National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS) rules typically use five officials for varsity and 3, 4, or 5 for non-varsity games. Football officials are commonly, but incorrectly, referred to collectively as referees, but each position has specific duties and a specific nam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Security Classifications Policy
The Government Security Classifications Policy (GSCP) is a system for classifying Classified information in the United Kingdom, sensitive government data in the United Kingdom. GPMS Historically, the Government Protective Marking Scheme was used by government bodies in the UK; it divides data into UNCLASSIFIED, PROTECT, RESTRICTED, CONFIDENTIAL, SECRET and TOP SECRET. This system was designed for paper-based records; it is not easily adapted to modern government work and is not widely understood. Current classifications The GSCP uses three levels of classification: OFFICIAL, SECRET and TOP SECRET. This is simpler than the old model and there is no direct relationship between the old and new classifications. "Unclassified" is deliberately omitted from the new model. Government bodies are not expected to automatically remark existing data, so there may be cases where organisations working under the new system still handle some data marked according to the old system. Information As ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Official Scorer
In the game of baseball, the official scorer is a person appointed by the sports league, league to baseball scorekeeping, record the events on the field, and to send the official scoring record of the game back to the league offices. In addition to recording the events on the field such as the outcome of each plate appearance and the circumstances of any baserunning, baserunner's advance around the bases, the official scorer is also charged with making judgment calls that do not affect the progress or outcome of the game. Judgment calls are primarily made about error (baseball), errors, Earned run, unearned runs, fielder's choice, the value of Hit (baseball), hits in certain situations, and wild pitches, all of which are included in the record compiled. This record is used to compile baseball statistics, statistics for each player and team. A box score (baseball), box score is a summary of the official scorer's game record. Newspaper writers initially performed this function in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Official (rugby League)
Rugby league match officials are responsible for fairly enforcing the '' Laws of the Game'' from a neutral point of view during a match of rugby league football and imposing penalties for deliberate breaches of these Laws. The most senior match official is the ''referee''. They may be assisted by a range of other officials depending on the level and rules of the competition. Equipment The match officials may use the following equipment: ;Coin :The referee organises a coin toss with the team captains, prior to the game commencing. To decide who kicks off and what end each team takes initially. ;Whistle :Referees must carry a whistle to stop play and then signal to players about many decisions during a game. RLIF, 2004: 43 A referee will let players know when they can take a kick-off or optional kick by using his whistle, for example, as well as to stop after foul play or while awarding a try at other times in a game. ;Red card :A red card is used to signal that a player is bein ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Official (tennis)
In tennis, an official is a person who ensures that a match or tournament is conducted according to the International Tennis Federation Rules of Tennis and other competition regulations. At the highest levels of the sport, a team of up to eleven officials may be on court at any given time. These officials are broken up into categories based on their responsibility during the match. Contrastingly, many tennis matches are conducted with no officials present directly on court. Certification Tennis officials are certified by their respective national associations. The ITF also certifies officials in the categories of the chair umpire, referee and a chief umpire. Each ITF certification or "badge" is broken into five certification levels. The first, green badge, is considered sufficient for officiating at the highest levels of tennis within the official's own nation and is not divided into categories (and is primarily used in Spanish- and French-speaking areas, where a national organ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Association Football
Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 Football player, players who almost exclusively use their feet to propel a Ball (association football), ball around a rectangular field called a Football pitch, pitch. The objective of the game is to Scoring in association football, score more goals than the opposing team by moving the ball beyond the goal line into a rectangular-framed Goal (sport), goal defended by the opposing team. Traditionally, the game has been played over two 45-minute halves, for a total match time of 90 minutes. With an estimated 250 million players active in over 200 countries and territories, it is the world's most popular sport. Association football is played in accordance with the Laws of the Game (association football), Laws of the Game, a set of rules that has been in effect since 1863 and maintained by the International Football Association Board, IFAB since 1886. The game is pla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Official (Canadian Football)
An official in Canadian football is a person who has responsibility in enforcing the rules and maintaining the order of the game, like their counterparts in the American game. In the Canadian Football League, seven officials operate on the field. Lower levels of play up to the university level use less than the standard seven. Football officials are commonly, but incorrectly, referred to collectively as referees, but each position has specific duties and a specific name: referee, umpire, head linesman (or down judge), line judge, back judge, side judge, and field judge. Because the referee is responsible for the general supervision of the game, the position is sometimes referred to as head referee or crew chief. The centre judge, used only in the United States in NCAA Division I college football and in the AAF during its single season, has not been used in Canadian football yet; the CFL used an eighth official (with no official position name) only during the 2018 playoffs, but tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Official (ice Hockey)
In ice hockey, an official is a person who has some responsibility for enforcing the rules and maintaining the order of the game. There are two categories of officials, on-ice officials, who are the referees and linesmen that enforce the rules during gameplay, and off-ice officials, who have an administrative role rather than an enforcement role. On-ice officials As the name implies, on-ice officials do their job on the hockey rink. They are traditionally clad in a black hockey helmet, black trousers, and a black-and-white vertically striped shirt. They wear standard hockey Ice skate, skates and carry a finger whistle, which they use to stop play. They communicate with players, coaches, and off-ice officials, both verbally and via hand signals. Starting in 1955 with the introduction of the black-and-white jersey, National Hockey League, NHL on-ice officials wore numbers on their back for identification. In 1977, NHL officials removed the number and had only their surnames on th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Official Language
An official language is defined by the Cambridge English Dictionary as, "the language or one of the languages that is accepted by a country's government, is taught in schools, used in the courts of law, etc." Depending on the decree, establishment of an official language might also place restrictions on the use of other languages. Designated rights of an official language can be created in written form or by historic usage. An official language is recognized by 178 countries, of which 101 recognize more than one. The government of Italy made Italian language, Italian their official language in 1999, and some nations (such as Mexico and Australia) have never declared ''de jure'' official languages at the national level. Other nations have declared non-indigenous official languages. Many of the world's constitutions mention one or more official or national languages. Some countries use the official language designation to empower indigenous groups by giving them access to the gover ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Official (basketball)
In basketball, an official (usually called a referee) enforces the rules and maintains order in the game. The title of official also applies to the Basketball statistics, scorers and timekeepers, and other personnel that have an active task in maintaining the game. Basketball is regarded as among the most difficult sports to officiate due to the speed of play, complexity of rules, the case-specific interpretations of rules, and the instantaneous decision required. There is one head referee and one or two umpires, depending on whether there is a two- or three-person crew. In the National Basketball Association, NBA, the head official is called the crew chief with one referee and one umpire. In International Basketball Federation, FIBA-sanctioned play, two-person crews consist of a crew chief and an umpire, and three-person crews contain a crew chief and two umpires. Regardless, both classes of officials have equal rights to control almost all aspects of the game. In most cases, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Referee
A referee is an official, in a variety of sports and competition, responsible for enforcing the rules of the sport, including sportsmanship decisions such as ejection. The official tasked with this job may be known by a variety of other titles depending on the sport, including '' umpire'', ''judge'', '' arbiter'', '' commissaire'', or ''technical official'' (by the International Olympic Committee). Referees may be assisted by '' linesmen'', '' timekeepers'', '' touch judges'', or '' video assistant referees'' (VAR). Football (association) Originally team captains would consult each other in order to resolve any dispute on the pitch. Eventually this role was delegated to an ''umpire''. Each team would bring their own partisan umpire allowing the team captains to concentrate on the game. Later, the referee, a third "neutral" official was added; this ''referee'' would be "referred to" if the umpires could not resolve a dispute. The referee did not take his place on the pi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
