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Northern Moravia Witch Trials
Northern Moravia witch trials, also known as '' Boblig witch trials'' was a series of witch trials which occurred in the Jeseník (Freiwaldau) and Šumperk (Mährisch Schönberg) area in the present-day Czech Republic, between 1622 and 1696. They are among the largest and most well known Czech witch trials. Background The Northern Moravian witch trials are considered to be part of the Catholic Counter-Reformation. The Czechs were unwilling to abandon their Protestant religion after Bohemian lands had been re-taken by Austria during the Thirty Years' War. There was also great opposition to the social oppression of farmers under the landlords. This caused rebellions, such as the one of 1659-1662 led by Christoph Winter, Nikolaus Patzold and Jan Jaschke. Jesuit priest Arnold Engel was the first person who had pointed out to the alleged witch practices in North Moravia. In order to draw attention of Emperor Leopold I, he wrote a special memorandum describing alleged public moc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohelnice - Lautner Memorial
Mohelnice (; ) is a town in Šumperk District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 9,800 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone. Administrative division Mohelnice consists of eight municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *Mohelnice (7,717) *Křemačov (157) *Květín (134) *Libivá (212) *Podolí (390) *Řepová (154) *Studená Loučka (176) *Újezd (201) Studená Loučka forms an exclave of the municipal territory. Geography Mohelnice is located about south of Šumperk and northwest of Olomouc. The eastern part of the municipal territory of Mohelnice lies in the Mohelnice Depression lowland. The western part lies in the Zábřeh Highlands. The highest point is the hill Hekelův kopec at above sea level. In the eastern part are located two artificial lakes created by flooding sandstone quarries, Mohelnické and Moravičanské. The easternmost part of Mohelnice wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silesia
Silesia (see names #Etymology, below) is a historical region of Central Europe that lies mostly within Poland, with small parts in the Czech Silesia, Czech Republic and Germany. Its area is approximately , and the population is estimated at 8,000,000. Silesia is split into two main subregions, Lower Silesia in the west and Upper Silesia in the east. Silesia’s culture reflects its complex history and diverse influences, blending Polish, Czech, and German elements. The region is known for its distinctive Silesian language (still spoken by a minority in Upper Silesia), richly decorated folk National costumes of Poland, costumes, hearty regional Silesian cuisine, cuisine, and a mix of Gothic, Baroque, and industrial-era Silesian architecture, architecture seen in its cities and towns. The largest city of the region is Wrocław. Silesia is situated along the Oder River, with the Sudeten Mountains extending across the southern border. The region contains many historical landmarks ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1678 In Europe
Events January–March * January 10 – England and the Dutch Republic sign a mutual defense treaty in order to fight against France. * January 27 – The first fire engine company in North America goes into service in Boston. * February 18 – The first part of English Nonconformist (Protestantism), nonconformist preacher John Bunyan's Christianity, Christian allegory ''The Pilgrim's Progress'' is published in London. * March 21 – Thomas Shadwell's comedy ''A True Widow'' is given its first performance, at Dorset Garden Theatre, The Duke's Theatre in London, staged by the Duke's Company. * March 23 – Revolt of the Three Feudatories in southern China: rebel general Wu Sangui, lord of the Yunnan fief, takes the imperial crown, names himself monarch of "The Great Zhou", based in the Hunan province, with Hengyang as his capital. He contracts dysentery over the summer and dies on October 2, ending the rebellion against the Kangxi Emperor. * March 25 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social History Of The Czech Republic
Social organisms, including human(s), live collectively in interacting populations. This interaction is considered social whether they are aware of it or not, and whether the exchange is voluntary or not. Etymology The word "social" derives from the Latin word ''socii'' ("allies"). It is particularly derived from the Italian ''Socii'' states, historical allies of the Roman Republic (although they rebelled against Rome in the Social War (91–87 BC), Social War of 91–87 BC). Social theorists In the view of Karl Marx,Morrison, Ken. ''Marx, Durkheim, Weber. Formations of modern social thought'' human beings are intrinsically, necessarily and by definition social beings who, beyond being "gregarious creatures", cannot survive and meet their needs other than through social co-operation and association. Their social characteristics are therefore to a large extent an objectively given fact, stamped on them from birth and affirmed by socialization processes; and, according to Marx, in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1678 In Law
Events January–March * January 10 – England and the Dutch Republic sign a mutual defense treaty in order to fight against France. * January 27 – The first fire engine company in North America goes into service in Boston. * February 18 – The first part of English nonconformist preacher John Bunyan's Christian allegory '' The Pilgrim's Progress'' is published in London. * March 21 – Thomas Shadwell's comedy '' A True Widow'' is given its first performance, at The Duke's Theatre in London, staged by the Duke's Company. * March 23 – Revolt of the Three Feudatories in southern China: rebel general Wu Sangui, lord of the Yunnan fief, takes the imperial crown, names himself monarch of "The Great Zhou", based in the Hunan province, with Hengyang as his capital. He contracts dysentery over the summer and dies on October 2, ending the rebellion against the Kangxi Emperor. * March 25 – The Spanish Netherlands city of Ypres falls after ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Witch Trials In Europe
In the early modern period, from about 1400 to 1775, about 100,000 people were prosecuted for witchcraft in Europe and British America. Between 40,000 and 60,000 were executed, almost all in Europe. The witch-hunts were particularly severe in parts of the Holy Roman Empire. Prosecutions for witchcraft reached a high point from 1560 to 1630, during the Counter-Reformation and the European wars of religion. Among the lower classes, accusations of witchcraft were usually made by neighbors, and women and men made formal accusations of witchcraft. Magical healers or 'cunning folk' were sometimes prosecuted for witchcraft, but seem to have made up a minority of the accused. Roughly 80% of those convicted were women, most of them over the age of 40. In some regions, convicted witches were burnt at the stake, the traditional punishment for religious heresy. Medieval background Christian doctrine Throughout the medieval era, mainstream Christian doctrine had denied the belief in the exi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Václav Kaplický
Václav Kaplický (28 August 1895, Sezimovo Ústí – 4 October 1982, Prague) was a Czechs, Czech writer, journalist and epic poet. He is most known as an author of historical fiction. __NOTOC__ Kaplický studied at Gymnasium (school), Gymnasium in Tábor, finishing in 1914. In 1915 he was sent to the front in Galicia (Central Europe), Galicia where he was taken captive (1916). Later he joined the Czechoslovak Legion. For his political opinions he was imprisoned by the legion and labeled as a traitor. After returning to Czechoslovakia in 1921 he worked in civil service. During the period 1922–1950, Kaplický worked in several publishing houses associated with the Czech National Social Party, Czechoslovak Socialist Party. From 1950 he dedicated his time solely to writing. The majority of Kaplický's works are historical fictions spanning the period from the Hussite Wars in the 15th century to the Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire, revolutionary upheaval of 1848. His no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malleus Maleficarum
The ''Malleus Maleficarum'', usually translated as the ''Hammer of Witches'', is the best known treatise about witchcraft. It was written by the German Catholic Church, Catholic clergyman Heinrich Kramer (under his Latinisation of names, Latinized name ''Henricus Institor'') and first published in the German city of Speyer in 1486. Some describe it as the compendium of literature in demonology of the 15th century. Kramer presented his own views as the Roman Catholic Church's position. The book was condemned by top theologians of the Inquisition at the University of Cologne, Faculty of Cologne for recommending illegal procedures, and for being inconsistent with Roman Catholic doctrines of demonology. However, Kramer received praise for his work by Pope Innocent VIII in the papal bull Summis desiderantes affectibus. Kramer was never removed and even enjoyed considerable prestige thereafter. The ''Malleus'' calls sorcery Heresy in the Catholic Church, heresy, which was a crime at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Witchhammer
''Witchhammer'' () is a 1970 Czechoslovak drama film directed by Otakar Vávra and starring Elo Romančík. Based on the novel '' Kladivo na čarodějnice'' by Václav Kaplický, ''Witchhammer'' relates the story of the Northern Moravia witch trials of the 1670s, focusing on the priest Kryštof Lautner, played by Romančík, who falls victim to the witchhunt after opposing the trials. The film contains possible allegory about Communist show trials in Czechoslovakia. The film had a limited release in Czechoslovakia. Despite this, it won awards at the Mar del Plata International Film Festival in 1970 and is considered one of Vávra's finest films. Plot In the 1670s in Moravia, an altar boy observes an old woman hiding the bread given out during communion. He alerts the priest, who confronts the old woman. She admits that she took the bread with the intent to give it to a cow to re-enable its milk production. The priest reports the incident to the owner of the local estate who, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otakar Vávra
Otakar Vávra (28 February 1911 – 15 September 2011) was a Czech film director, screenwriter and pedagogue. Biography and career Vávra attended universities in Brno and Prague, where he studied architecture. During 1929–30, while still a student, he participated in the making of a handful of documentaries and wrote movie scripts. In 1931, he produced the experimental film ''Světlo proniká tmou''. The first movie he directed was 1937's '' Panenství''. His 1938 film '' The Merry Wives'' was praised in '' Variety'' for "first-rate direction, a salty yarn and elaborate production effort", even though it had undergone certain cuts because it was considered too "ribald" by American censors. Vávra was a member of the Communist Party from 1945 to 1989. After the Communists seized power in 1948, Vávra adapted quickly to the new political climate and produced films praising the current regime and supporting the new, official interpretation of the past. In the 1950s he filmed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modern Witch-hunts
Witch hunts are a contemporary phenomenon occurring globally, with notable occurrences in Witchcraft accusations against children in Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, Witch hunts in India, India, Witch hunts in Nepal, Nepal, and Witch hunts in Papua New Guinea, Papua New Guinea. Modern witch hunts surpass the body counts of Witch trials in the early modern period, early-modern witch-hunting.Behringer, Wolfgang 2004: Witches and Witch-hunts. A global History. Cambridge: Polity Press. Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly the Democratic Republic of Congo, South Africa, Tanzania, Kenya, and Nigeria, experiences a high prevalence of witch-hunting. In Cameroon, accusations have resurfaced in courts, often involving child-witchcraft scares. Gambia witnessed government-sponsored witch hunts, leading to abductions, forced confessions, and deaths. In Ghana, witch hunting has historical roots, with sanctuaries for victims identified. In the southern regions, accusations tend to remain peaceful, while ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Velké Losiny
Velké Losiny () is a spa municipality and village in Šumperk District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,500 inhabitants. It is known for the Velké Losiny Castle and for the Paper Mill at Velké Losiny, Paper Mill, which is a national cultural monument. Administrative division Velké Losiny consists of five municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *Velké Losiny (2,077) *Bukovice (79) *Ludvíkov (35) *Maršíkov (170) *Žárová (117) Geography Velké Losiny is located about northeast of Šumperk and north of Olomouc. It lies mostly in the Hanušovice Highlands. A small part of the municipal territory in the east extends into the Hrubý Jeseník mountains. The highest point is the hill Bukový vrch at above sea level. The village is located in the valley of the Losinka Creek. History The first written mention of Velké Losiny is from 1296. The most notable owners were the Zierotin family, who acquired it in the second ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
