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National Science And Technology Council
The National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) is a council in the Executive Branch of the United States. It is designed to coordinate science and technology policy across the branches of federal government. History The National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) was established by President Bill Clinton through Executive Orderbr>12881on November 23, 1993. Each presidential administration has utilized the NSTC in varying ways. During the Clinton administration, the NSTC wrote 6 Presidential Review Directives, used for President Clinton's own future directives. The council has not issued any of these since. Instead, the council's recommendations often serve as advice for other committees as policy is drafted. Members of the science and technology community have debated whether the NSTC should play a more direct role in policymaking by issuing formal directives and having increased authority. The structure of the NSTC has changed multiple times in the last few decades. Under ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walter Copan
Walter Copan is an American chemist and government official who served as the under secretary of commerce for standards and technology and the 16th Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology from 2017 to 2021. Prior to assuming that role, he worked as president and CEO of IP Engineering Group Corporation and as a board member of Rocky Mountain Innovation Partners. Early life and education Copan received a Bachelor of Arts degree in chemistry from Western Reserve College in 1975 and a his Ph.D. in physical chemistry from Case Western Reserve University in 1982. Career Copan previously served as managing director of technology commercialization and partnerships at Brookhaven National Laboratory and as technology transfer at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. During his time at Brookhaven, he led a pilot program across the United States Department of Energy called Agreements for Commercializing Technology. The program was praised for making intellectual ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Science And Technology In The United States
Science and technology in the United States has Technological and industrial history of the United States, a long history, producing many important figures and developments in the field. The United States of America came into being around the Age of Enlightenment (1685 to 1815), an era in Western philosophy in which writers and thinkers, rejecting the perceived superstitions of the past, instead chose to emphasize the intellectual, scientific and cultural life, centered upon the 18th century, in which reason was advocated as the primary source for legitimacy and authority. Enlightenment philosophers envisioned a "republic of science," where ideas would be exchanged freely and useful knowledge would improve the lot of all citizens. The United States Constitution itself reflects the desire to encourage scientific creativity. It gives the United States Congress the power "to promote the progress of science and useful arts, by securing for limited times to authors and inventors the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agencies Of The United States Government
Legislative definitions of an agency of the federal government of the United States are varied, and even contradictory. The official '' United States Government Manual'' offers no definition. While the Administrative Procedure Act definition of "agency" applies to most executive branch agencies, Congress may define an agency however it chooses in enabling legislation, and through subsequent litigation often involving the Freedom of Information Act and the Government in the Sunshine Act. These further cloud attempts to enumerate a list of agencies. The executive branch of the federal government includes the Executive Office of the President and the United States federal executive departments (whose secretaries belong to the Cabinet). Employees of the majority of these agencies are considered civil servants. The majority of the independent agencies of the United States government are also classified as executive agencies (they are independent in that they are not subordinated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Nanotechnology Initiative
The National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) is a research and development initiative which provides a framework to coordinate nanoscale research and resources among United States federal government agencies and departments. History In the late 1990's, nanotechnology was emerging as a particularly high potential field and President Bill Clinton advocated for federal nanotechnology development. In addition to Clinton himself, many credit Presidential Science Advisor Neal Lane and Mihail C. Roco of the NSF with championing an initiative in a 1999 presentation to the White House. In a 21 January 2000 speecat the California Institute of Technology, Clinton stated that "Some of our research goals may take twenty or more years to achieve, but that is precisely why there is an important role for the federal government." The NNI was officially launched in 2000 and received funding for the first time in FY2001. President George W. Bush further increased funding for nanotechnology. O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Networking And Information Technology Research And Development
The Networking and Information Technology Research and Development (NITRD) program consists of a group of U.S. federal agencies to research and develop information technology (IT) capabilities to empower Federal missions; support U.S. science, engineering, and technology leadership; and bolster U.S. economic competitiveness. Organization The NITRD Program is managed by the NITRD Subcommittee of the National Science and Technology Council’s (NSTC) Committee on Technology and supported by the NITRD National Coordination Office (NCO). Working Groups NITRD Program’s member agencies coordinate their NITRD research activities and plans by Interagency Working Groups (IWGs). For each IWG, agency representatives meet to exchange information and collaborate on research plans and activities such as testbeds, workshops, and cooperative proposal solicitations. Program Component Areas The annual NITRD Supplement to the President’s Budget is organized by Program Component Areas (PCA ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
President's Council Of Advisors On Science And Technology
The President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST) is a council, chartered (or re-chartered) in each administration with a broad mandate to advise the president of the United States on science and technology. The current PCAST was established by on September 30, 2001, by George W. Bush, was re-chartered by Barack Obama's April 21, 2010, , by Donald Trump's October 22, 2019, , by Joe Biden's February 1, 2021, and by Donald Trump again on January 23, 2025 witExecutive Order 14177 History The council follows a tradition of presidential advisory panels focused on science and technology that dates back to President Franklin D. Roosevelt's Science Advisory Board, continued by President Harry Truman. Renamed the President's Science Advisory Committee (PSAC) by Dwight Eisenhower, it was disbanded by President Richard Nixon. Reagan science advisor Jay Keyworth re-established a smaller "White House Science Council" It reported, however, to him, not directly to the pre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter Highnam
Peter may refer to: People * List of people named Peter, a list of people and fictional characters with the given name * Peter (given name) ** Saint Peter (died 60s), apostle of Jesus, leader of the early Christian Church * Peter (surname), a surname (including a list of people with the name) Culture * Peter (actor) (born 1952), stage name Shinnosuke Ikehata, a Japanese dancer and actor * ''Peter'' (1934 film), a film directed by Henry Koster * ''Peter'' (2021 film), a Marathi language film * "Peter" (''Fringe'' episode), an episode of the television series ''Fringe'' * ''Peter'' (novel), a 1908 book by Francis Hopkinson Smith * "Peter" (short story), an 1892 short story by Willa Cather * ''Peter'' (album), a 1972 album by Peter Yarrow * ''Peter'', a 1993 EP by Canadian band Eric's Trip * "Peter", 2024 song by Taylor Swift from '' The Tortured Poets Department: The Anthology'' Animals * Peter (Lord's cat), cat at Lord's Cricket Ground in London * Peter (chief mouser), Chi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michael Kratsios
Michael John Kotsakas Kratsios (born November 7, 1986) is an American business executive and government official, who has served as the 13th director of the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy and the Science Advisor to the President since 2025. He served as the fourth Chief Technology Officer of the United States at the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy. In this role, Kratsios served as President Donald Trump's top technology advisor. From July 10, 2020 to January 20, 2021, Kratsios was also the Acting Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering. On December 22, 2024, President-elect Donald Trump announced his intention to nominate Kratsios as the next Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy and Science Advisor to the President. He was confirmed for the office on March 25, 2025. Education Kratsios is the only science advisor to the president not holding a PhD, and with no specialty in a fundamental science or field ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jim Bridenstine
James Frederick Bridenstine (born June 15, 1975) is an American military officer and politician who served as the 13th administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Bridenstine was the United States representative for Oklahoma's 1st congressional district, based in Tulsa from January 3, 2013, to April 23, 2018. He is a member of the Republican Party. Bridenstine currently works in the private sector and holds positions at Voyager Space Holdings, Viasat, Acorn Growth Companies and Firefly Aerospace. On September 1, 2017, President Donald Trump nominated Bridenstine to be the Administrator of NASA; he was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on April 19, 2018, by a party-line vote of 50–49. Bridenstine was on the Committee on Science, Space and Technology during his time in Congress. He is the first elected official to be appointed NASA Administrator. Bridenstine stepped down as the head of NASA on January 20, 2021, to make way for a new leader in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francis Collins
Francis Sellers Collins (born April 14, 1950) is an American physician-scientist who discovered the genes associated with a number of diseases and led the Human Genome Project. He served as director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland, from 17 August 2009 to 19 December 2021, serving under three presidents. Collins announced his retirement publicly from the NIH on March 1, 2025, after 32 years of service. Before being appointed director of the NIH, Collins led the Human Genome Project and other genomics research initiatives as director of the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), one of the 27 institutes and centers at NIH. Before joining NHGRI, he earned a reputation as a gene hunter at the University of Michigan. He has been elected to the Institute of Medicine and the National Academy of Sciences, and has received the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the National Medal of Science. Collins has written books on science, medicine, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neil Jacobs
Neil Andrew Jacobs, Jr. (born December 12, 1973) is an American scientist and former government official who served as the acting Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere and Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). In 2025, newly inaugurated President Donald Trump nominated Jacobs to the position of NOAA Administrator. Early life and education Jacobs was born in Colorado Springs, Colorado. He earned two Bachelor of Science degrees, in mathematics and physics, from the University of South Carolina in 1997, followed by a Master of Science and PhD in atmospheric science from North Carolina State University. Career Industry After completing his doctoral degree in 2005, Jacobs went to work with North Carolina–based AirDat LLC to work on the development of their TAMDAR (Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting) weather monitoring system as their director of research and business development. He stayed on with the compan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
