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Musannaf Ibn Jurayj
Abd al-Malik ibn Abd al-Aziz ibn Jurayj (, 80 AH/699 CE - 150 AH/767 CE) was an eighth-century ''faqīh'', exegete and hadith transmitter from the Taba' at-Tabi'in. Biography Ibn Jurayj was born in Mecca in 80 AH/699 CE. His father Abd al-Aziz was reportedly a ''faqīh'', while his grandfather Jurayj was of Byzantine origin; Jurayj is an Arabic rendition of the Greek name Grēgórios. He was raised as a ''mawla'' (client) of the Al-Khalid ibn Asid clan of Banu Umayya, who had enslaved his grandfather. At the age of 15, he was accepted to the study circle of Meccan jurist Ata ibn Abi Rabah after previously being rejected for lacking knowledge on Quran recitation and Islamic inheritance laws. After remaining with Ata for around 18 years, he left to study under Amr ibn Dinar until 120 AH/738 CE. During this period, he also attended the lectures of Mujahid ibn Jabr, Ibn Abi Mulayka and Nafi Mawla Ibn Umar. He eventually took on students of his own, most notably the historian Al-W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islam
Islam is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the Quran, and the teachings of Muhammad. Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number Islam by country, 2 billion worldwide and are the world's Major religious groups, second-largest religious population after Christians. Muslims believe that Islam is the complete and universal version of a Fitra, primordial faith that was revealed many times through earlier Prophets and messengers in Islam, prophets and messengers, including Adam in Islam, Adam, Noah in Islam, Noah, Abraham in Islam, Abraham, Moses in Islam, Moses, and Jesus in Islam, Jesus. Muslims consider the Quran to be the verbatim word of God in Islam, God and the unaltered, final revelation. Alongside the Quran, Muslims also believe in previous Islamic holy books, revelations, such as the Torah in Islam, Tawrat (the Torah), the Zabur (Psalms), and the Gospel in Islam, Injil (Gospel). They believe that Muhammad in Islam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taba' At-Tabi'in
The Tābiʿū al-Tābʿīn (, singular ) is the generation after the Tabi‘un, Tābi‘ūn in Islam. The first generation of Muslims are called the companions of Muhammad. The second generation of Muslims are called ''tābi‘ūn'' "Successors". The third generation are called ''tabi‘ū al-tabi‘īn'' "successors of the Successors". The three generations make up the Salaf, the "Ancestors", of Islam. Definition according to the Sunnis The Sunnis define a successor of the Successors as a Muslim who: # Saw at least one of the tābiʿ. # Was rightly guided (is a Sunni) # Died in the state of Sunnihood In a Hadith, The Nabi Muhammad said, "The best people are those living in my generation, then those coming after them, and then those coming after." Sahih Bukhari List of ''Tābiʿ al-Tābʿīn'' * Sufyan al-Thawri * Sufyan ibn ʽUyaynah * Malik ibn Anas * Abu Yusuf * Muhammad al-Shaybani * Abd al-Rahman al-Awza'i * Abd Allah ibn al-Mubarak * Al-Shafi'i * Zayd ibn Ali * Al-L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yemen
Yemen, officially the Republic of Yemen, is a country in West Asia. Located in South Arabia, southern Arabia, it borders Saudi Arabia to Saudi Arabia–Yemen border, the north, Oman to Oman–Yemen border, the northeast, the south-eastern part of the Arabian Sea to the east, the Gulf of Aden to the south, and the Red Sea to the west, sharing maritime boundary, maritime borders with Djibouti, Eritrea, and Somalia across the Horn of Africa. Covering roughly 455,503 square kilometres (175,871 square miles), with a coastline of approximately , Yemen is the second largest country on the Arabian Peninsula. Sanaa is its constitutional capital and largest city. Yemen's estimated population is 34.7 million, mostly Arabs, Arab Muslims. It is a member of the Arab League, the United Nations, the Non-Aligned Movement and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. Owing to its geographic location, Yemen has been at the crossroads of many civilisations for over 7,000 years. In 1200 BCE, the Sab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iraq
Iraq, officially the Republic of Iraq, is a country in West Asia. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to Iraq–Saudi Arabia border, the south, Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq border, the east, the Persian Gulf and Kuwait to the Iraq–Kuwait border, southeast, Jordan to Iraq–Jordan border, the southwest, and Syria to Iraq–Syria border, the west. The country covers an area of and has Demographics of Iraq, a population of over 46 million, making it the List of countries by area, 58th largest country by area and the List of countries by population, 31st most populous in the world. Baghdad, home to over 8 million people, is the capital city and the List of largest cities of Iraq, largest in the country. Starting in the 6th millennium BC, the fertile plains between Iraq's Tigris and Euphrates rivers, referred to as Mesopotamia, fostered the rise of early cities, civilisations, and empires including Sumer, Akkadian Empire, Akkad, and Assyria. Known ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kunya (Arabic)
A () is a teknonym in an Arabic name, the name of an adult derived from their eldest son. A kunya is used as a component of an Arabic name, a type of epithet. Literally it refers to the bearer's first-born son or daughter, and this is the usual case. But it may instead have hypothetical or metaphorical references: an example would be Abu Hurayra, “father of the kitten”, the invariable name used for one of the companions of Muhammad who was known for his pet cat. Use of a kunya implies a familiar but respectful setting. A kunya is expressed by the use of '' abū'' (father) or '' umm'' (mother) in a genitive construction, i.e. "father of" or "mother of" as an honorific in place of or alongside given names in the Arab world and the Islamic world more generally. Medieval Jewish names generally had stock kunyas referencing the biblical eponym and not any relative. Those named Abraham received "abu Ishaq", those named Jacob, "abu Yusuf," and so on. In some cases the word ''ab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sufyan Ibn ʽUyaynah
Abū Muḥammad Sufyān ibn ʽUyaynah ibn Maymūn al-Hilālī al-Kūfī () (725 – ) was a prominent eighth-century Islamic religious scholar from Mecca. He was from the third generation of Islam referred to as the Tabi' al-Tabi'in, "the followers of the followers". He specialized in the field of hadith and Tafsir, Quran exegesis and was described by al-Dhahabi as Shaykh al-Islām, Shaykh al-Islam—a preeminent Islamic authority. Some of his students achieved much renown in their own right, establishing Madhhab, schools of thought that have survived until the present. Biography Ibn ʽUyaynah's father, ʽUyaynah ibn Abī ʻImrān, was originally from Kufa in present day Iraq where he was a governor for Khālid ibn ʻAbdillāh al-Qasrī. However, when al-Qasrī was removed from his position his successor sought out his governors causing ʽUyaynah to flee to Mecca where he then settled. Ibn ʽUyaynah was born in the year 725-6 CE/107 AH. He was the client (mawla, ''mawlā'') of M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nafi Mawla Ibn Umar
Nafi bin Sarjis Abu Abdullah ad-Dailami (), also known as Nafi` Mawla ibn `Umar (), was a scholar of Fiqh jurisprudence and muhaddith from the Tabiun generation who resided in Medina. He was a student of Ibn Umar. Biography Nafi was originally a resident of Daylam (now including the Gilan region in Iran) who was captured during Muslim conquest of Persia and became a slave before being manumitted by Abdullah ibn Umar. He studied religion from the Companions of the Prophet, and especially from Abdullah bin Umar and Abu Sa'id al-Khudri. He became a teacher for prominent scholars such as Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri, Ayyub as-Sakhtiyani, and Malik ibn Anas. He became Mufti during the caliphate of Umar ibn Abdul Aziz and was sent by caliph to teach Islam to peoples in Egypt. Golden chain of narration Malik's chain of narrators was considered the most authentic and called ''Silsilat al-Dhahab'' or "The Golden Chain of Narrators" by notable hadith scholars including Muhammad al-Buk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mujahid Ibn Jabr
Abū l-Ḥajjāj Mujāhid ibn Jabr al-Qāriʾ () (642–722 CE) was a Tabi' and one of the major early Islamic scholars. According to some sources, Mujahid wrote a tafsīr of the Qur'an (exegesis/commentary), although it is likely that a written work from his time never existed. The text that is called ''Tafsir Mujahid'' today was first compiled by Ādam ibn Abī Iyās (d. 836–837 CE), and Adam transmits traditions to Mujahid through the intermediary chain of transmission Warqāʾ — Ibn Abī Najīḥ. Adam's collection also does not survive, but rather, Ibn Shādhān's (d. after 1033 CE) recension of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān's recension of Ibrāhīm's recension of Adam’s collection is what survives. Up to seven other versions of traditions attributed to Mujahid survive, some of which vary substantially with the ''Tafsir Mujahid''. Biography His full nickname is often written as "Mujahid bin Jabir, Maula As-Saib bin Abi As-Saib, Al-Makhzumi, Al-Quraysh". The Nisba of al-Makhzu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamic Inheritance Jurisprudence
Islamic Inheritance jurisprudence is a field of Islamic jurisprudence () that deals with inheritance, a topic that is prominently dealt with in the Qur'an. It is often called ''Mīrāth'' (, literally "inheritance"), and its branch of Islamic law is technically known as ''ʿilm al-farāʾiḍ'' (, "the science of the ordained quotas"). Inheritance and the Qur'an The Qur'an introduced a number of different rights and restrictions on matters of inheritance, including what were at that time general improvements to the treatment of women and family life. The Qur'an also presented efforts to fix the laws of inheritance, and thus forming a complete legal system. This development was in contrast to pre-Islamic societies where rules of inheritance varied considerably. They do, however, also differ from ongoing secular changes since that time, up to, though principally in, the modern era. Furthermore, the Qur'an introduced additional heirs that were not entitled inheritance in pre-Is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quran
The Quran, also Romanization, romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a Waḥy, revelation directly from God in Islam, God (''Allah, Allāh''). It is organized in 114 chapters (, ) which consist of individual verses ('). Besides its religious significance, it is widely regarded as the finest work in Arabic literature, and has significantly influenced the Arabic, Arabic language. It is the object of a modern field of academic research known as Quranic studies. Muslims believe the Quran was orally revealed by God to the final Islamic Prophets and messengers in Islam, prophet Muhammad in Islam, Muhammad through the Angel#Islam, angel Gabriel#Islam, Gabriel incrementally over a period of some 23 years, beginning on the Night of Power, Laylat al-Qadr, when Muhammad was 40, and concluding in 632, the year of his death. Muslims regard the Quran as Muhammad's most important Islamic view of miracles, miracle, a proof of his prophet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mawla
''Mawlā'' (, plural ''mawālī'' ), is a polysemous Arabic word, whose meaning varied in different periods and contexts.A.J. Wensinck, Encyclopedia of Islam 2nd ed, Brill. "Mawlā", vol. 6, p. 874. Before the Islamic prophet Muhammad, the term applied to any form of tribal association. In the Quran and hadiths it is used in multiple senses, including 'lord', 'guardian', and 'trustee'. After Muhammad's death, the Umayyad dynasty accepted new converts to Islam into Arab-Muslim society and the word ''mawali'' gained currency as an appellation for converted non-Arab Muslims in the early Islamic caliphates. Etymology The word ''mawla'', which was used by the Islamic prophet Muhammad about Ali in the Ghadir Khumm speech, is derived from the root ''w-l-y'', meaning "to be close to" or "to have power over". ''Mawla'' can have reciprocal meanings, depending on whether it is used in the active or passive voice: "master" Originally, ''mawāli'' were clients of an Arab people, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
