|
Mu'awiya I's Southern Campaigns (658-661)
Mu'awiya I's Southern Campaigns were a series of raids and military expeditions of Umayyad forces onto Hijaz, Yemen and Iraq after the failure of the arbitration talks after the Battle of Siffin. The campaigns against the Caliphate of Ali continued until the Assassination of Ali. Background After the assassination of Uthman , the third caliph, disputes arose between the early Muslim community about the succession of uthman. Ali ibn Abi Talib was chosen to succeed Uthman which was refused by the governor of Syria Mu'awiya I contributing to the First Fitna. Hostilities resumed between Mu'awiya and Ali after the failure of arbitration talks, contemporarily Muawiya sent Amr Ibn al As to take control of Egypt in which he found success. Mu'awiya sent his lieutenant commanders and ordered raids against Ali's strongholds in Iraq and Arabia. Campaigns In Arabia Mu'awiya sent Yazid ibn Shajara, a pious Uthmanid, to acquire pledge of allegiance from the Quarysh tribe of Mecca in early 66 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabian Peninsula
The Arabian Peninsula (, , or , , ) or Arabia, is a peninsula in West Asia, situated north-east of Africa on the Arabian plate. At , comparable in size to India, the Arabian Peninsula is the largest peninsula in the world. Geographically, the Arabian Peninsula comprises Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Yemen, as well as southern Iraq and Jordan. The largest of these is Saudi Arabia. In the Roman era, the Sinai Peninsula was also considered a part of Arabia. The Arabian Peninsula formed as a result of the rifting of the Red Sea between 56 and 23 million years ago, and is bordered by the Red Sea to the west and south-west, the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman to the north-east, the Levant and Mesopotamia to the north and the Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean to the south-east. The peninsula plays a critical geopolitical role in the Arab world and globally due to its vast reserves of petroleum, oil and natural gas. Before the mod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qutham Ibn Abbas
Qutham ibn al-ʿAbbās (Arabic: قثم بن العباس), approximately born in 624 in Medina and died in 677 in Samarkand, was an Arab statesman and preacher. He served as the leader of Mecca during the reign of Caliph Ali ibn Abi Talib and was one of the participants in the Arab Caliphate's conquest of Central Asia. He is recognized as the first preacher of Islam in the territory of modern-day Uzbekistan. Biography Qutham ibn Abbas was born around 624 in Medina. He was a first cousin of the founder of Islam, Muhammad, and later became one of his companions. During the rule of the righteous caliph Ali ibn Abi Talib, he held the position of ruler of Mecca. During the reign of Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan, he participated in the conquest of Central Asia under the leadership of the governor of Khorasan, Said ibn Uthman. Upon the orders of Said ibn Uthman, Qutham ibn Abbas remained in Samarkand and engaged in propagating and spreading Islam, as well as implementing Sharia rules in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hujr Ibn Adi
Ḥujr ibn ʿAdī al-Kindī () was a supporter of Ali, the fourth Rashidun Caliph for Sunni Muslims and the first Imam for Shia Muslims. He was companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He belonged to the tribe of Kinda. According to some narrations, his last wish was that his son should be executed before him lest death terrify him (his son) and therefore accede to the condition of cursing Ali. Hujr was given two titles: "al-Kindi" and "al-Adbar". The first title was "al-Kindi", meaning ''The Person From Kinda'', an Arabian tribe. The second title given to Hujr was "al-Adbar".Ibn Muḥammad (Ibn-ʻAbd-Rabbihī), Aḥmad. The Unique Necklace "al-ʻIqd Al-Farīd" Trans. Issa J. Boullata. Vol. 3. Reading, UK: Garnet Publishing Limited, 2007. Print. Pg. 289 Hujr, his son Hammam ibn Hujr, and some other companions are buried in Adra, in the outskirts of the Syrian capital Damascus. A mosque had been built around his grave which became a pilgrimage site for Muslims. On 2 May 20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kumayl Ibn Ziyad
Kumayl bin Ziyad an-Nakha'i () was among the most loyal companions of Imam Ali Ibn Abi Talib. Moreover, Kumayl occupies a prominent position in Shia Islam. Converting to Islam during the time of Islamic prophet Muhammad, he rose to a position of prominence during the caliphates of Uthman and Ali. In the caliphate of Ali, Kumayl flourished and served him in the most disciplined of ways. However, he is recognized for his pious and humble nature as well as preserving Imam Ali's teachings. Kumayl is best known for the ''du'a'' (supplication) of Prophet Khidr, which is commonly known by the name ''du'a Kumayl.'' Birth Kumayl ibn Ziyad was born in the first year after Hijrah (622 CE). Nakshawani, Ammar. "Biography of Kumayl Ibn Ziyad al-Nakha'i". Masjid al-Husayn Leicester, 21 Nov. 2012Web 01 July 2013 (Retrieved). Kumayl's title One of the titles given to Kumayl was al-Nakha'i. It simply means a person from, or a member of, the tribe of Banu Nakha. Converting to Islam Six months be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adi Ibn Hatim
Adi ibn Hatim al-Tai () was a leader of the Arab tribe of Tayy, and one of the companions of Muhammad. He was the son of the poet Hatim al-Tai. Adi remained antagonistic to Islam for about twenty years until he converted to Islam in 630 (9th year of Hijri). Biography Adiyy inherited the domain of his father and was confirmed in the position by the Tayy people. He received a quarter of any amount they stole in raiding expeditions. Before Islam Adi said that before being preached to by Muhammad he practiced Rakusiyya, a syncretic sect which adhered to teachings of both Christianity and Judaism, or a syncretic mixture of Christianity and Sabian religion. Clément Huart has theorized this sect was linked to Manichaeism due to its syncretic nature. According to Khalid Basalamah, the sect was regarded as heretical by the official Eastern Orthodox Church of the Byzantine Empire, so Adi practiced it in secrecy, fearing persecution from his Byzantine overlord. After Islam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ayan Ibn Dahi'ah
Ayan may refer to: Places *Auyán-tepui, also spelt Ayan, a mountain in Bolívar state, Venezuela *Ayan, Çankırı, a village in Turkey *Ayan, Iran, a village in West Azerbaijan Province, Iran *Ayan, Russia, a rural locality (a ''selo'') and a port in Khabarovsk Krai on the Sea of Okhotsk, Russia *Ayan Virusampatti, village in Tamil Nadu, India *Ayan-Yuryakh a river in the Magadan Oblast in Russia. Other uses *Ayan (class), the powerful local notables in the Ottoman Empire before the 1920s * ''Ayan'' (film), a 2009 Indian Tamil film starring Suriya ** ''Ayan'' (soundtrack), its soundtrack by Harris Jayaraj *Ayan (given name), a list of people with the name *Chanel Ayan, model and star of ''The Real Housewives of Dubai'' *Derebey, also known as âyân, feudal lord in 18th century Anatolia See also * * *Ayaan, a given name * Ayyan (other) * Ayana (other) *Ajan (other) Ajan may refer to: People * Ajan (surname) * Ajan Fakir, a Sufi saint and poet who ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ziyad Ibn Abihi
Abu al-Mughira Ziyad ibn Abihi (; ), also known as Ziyad ibn Abi Sufyan (), was an administrator and statesman of the successive Rashidun and Umayyad caliphates in the mid-7th century. He served as the governor of Basra in 665–670 and ultimately the first governor of Iraq and practical viceroy of the eastern Caliphate between 670 and his death. Ziyad's parentage is obscure, but he was raised among the Banu Thaqif in Ta'if, near Mecca. He arrived with his adoptive tribesmen in Basra upon its foundation in 636 as the Muslim Arabs' springboard for the conquest of the Sasanian Empire. He was initially employed by the city's first governor, Utba ibn Ghazwan al-Mazini, and was kept on as a scribe or secretary by his successors. Caliph Ali () appointed Ziyad governor of Fars to suppress a local rebellion and he maintained his loyalty to Ali's caliphate after the latter's assassination in 661 and the subsequent rule of Ali's opponent, Mu'awiya I (). The latter overcame Ziyad's op ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Musayyib Bin Najaba
Musayyib () is an increasing majority Shia Arab town in the Babil Province, Iraq. As of 2018, its population was 57,300. Musayyib sits on both the east and west banks of the Euphrates River, which splits into the Hindiya and Hilla branches just south of the city. Musayyib's municipal government has heavy representation from the Office of the Martyr Sadr, the political wing of Moqtada Sadr's Militia. There is a small minority representation by the Badr Corps as well. The city has had its occurrences of violence since the start of Operation Iraqi Freedom in March 2003. Most notably, the city experienced two large truck bombs - one on the Musayyib Bridge, which links Baghdad to Karbala, in late 2004 and one in the town center in 2005 that killed 90 people. Musayyib also saw the largest combat operation the US Army's 4th Infantry Division fought during its tour of duty in 2006. In July 2006, elements of the Mahdi Militia attacked a US patrol in the city after a dispute between the loc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ali Ibn Abi Talib
Ali ibn Abi Talib (; ) was the fourth Rashidun caliph who ruled from until Assassination of Ali, his assassination in 661, as well as the first imamate in Shia doctrine, Shia Imam. He was the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Born to Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib and Fatima bint Asad, Ali was raised by his elder cousin Muhammad and was Early Muslims, among the first to accept his teachings. Ali played a pivotal role in the early years of Islam when Muslims were severely persecuted in Mecca. After immigration () to Medina in 622, Muhammad gave his daughter Fatima to Ali in marriage and swore a pact of brotherhood with him. Ali served as Muhammad's secretary and deputy in this period, and was the flag bearer of his army. Numerous sayings of Muhammad praise Ali, the most controversial of which was uttered in 632 at the Ghadir Khumm, "Whoever I am his , this Ali is his ." The interpretation of the polysemous Arabic word is disputed: For Shia Islam, Shia Musl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abdallah Ibn Masad
Abd Allah (), also spelled Abdullah, Abdhullah, Abdellah, Abdollah, Abdallah, Abdulla, Abdalla and many others, is an Arabic theophoric name meaning ''servant of God'' or "God's follower". It is built from the Arabic words '' abd'' () and ''Allāh'' (). Although the first letter "a" in ''Allāh'', as the first letter of the article ''al-'', is usually unstressed in Arabic, it is usually stressed in the pronunciation of this name. The variants ''Abdollah'' and ''Abdullah'' represent the elision of this "a" following the "u" of the Classical Arabic nominative case (pronounced in Persian). Humility before God is an essential value of Islam, hence ''Abdullah'' is a common name among Muslims. The name of the Islamic prophet Muhammad's father was Abdullah. As the prophet's father died before his birth, this indicates that the name was already in use in pre-Islamic Arabia. It is also common among Mizrahi Jews and Sephardic Jews, especially Iraqi Jews and Syrian Jews. Among the latter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
