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Mohammed Ridha Al-Shirazi
Ayatollah Sayyid Muhammad-Ridha al-Husayni al-Shirazi (; ; 1959 – June 1, 2008) was an Iraqis, Iraqi Shia Islam, Shia scholar, and the eldest son of Mohammad al-Husayni al-Shirazi, Muhammad al-Shirazi. Mohammad Ridha Shirazi was considered to be the 'hope for the future of Islam.' The reason was mainly because of his ability to move those whose attended his lectures. It was widely understood that he would soon replace Ayatollah Sadiq al-Shirazi as Marja', Marja, and succeed as the future head of the family. Early life and education Born in Karbala, to Sayyid Muhammad al-Shirazi, and Zainab Maash, he comes from the prominent Shirazi family, al-Shirazi family of Shia scholars, who claim ancestry from Zayd ibn Ali, the son of the fourth Shiite Imam, Ali ibn Husayn. He is the great-great grandson of Mirza Shirazi from his father's mother's side. His mother was the daughter of Muhammad-Salih Maash, a well known merchant in Karbala. Education His education began at a very young a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ayatollah
Ayatollah (, ; ; ) is an Title of honor, honorific title for high-ranking Twelver Shia clergy. It came into widespread usage in the 20th century. Originally used as a title bestowed by popular/clerical acclaim for a small number of the most distinguished ''marja' at-taqlid'' ''mujtahid'', it suffered from "inflation" following the 1979 Iranian Revolution when it came to be used for "any established mujtahid".Momen, ''An Introduction to Shi'i Islam'', 1985, p.205-6 By 2015 it was further expanded to include any student who had passed their Mujtahid final exam, leading to "thousands" of Ayatollahs. The title is not used by the Sunni Islam, Sunni community of Iran. In the Western world – especially after the Iranian Revolution – it was associated with Ruhollah Khomeini, who was so well known as to often be referred to as "The Ayatollah". Etymology The title is originally derived from the Arabic word Grammatical modifier#Premodifiers and postmodifiers, post-modified with t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zayd Ibn Ali
Zayd ibn ʿAlī (; 695–740), also spelled Zaid, was the son of Ali ibn al-Husayn Zayn al-Abidin, and great-grandson of Ali ibn Abi Talib. He led an unsuccessful revolt against the Umayyad Caliphate, in which he died. The event gave rise to the Zaydiyya sect of Shia Islam, which holds him as the next Imam after his father Ali ibn al-Husayn Zayn al-Abidin. Zayd ibn Ali is also seen as a major religious figure by many Sunnis and was supported by the prominent Sunni jurist, Abu Hanifa, who issued a fatwa in support of Zayd against the Umayyads.''Ahkam al-Quran'' By Abu Bakr al-Jassas al-Razi, volume 1 page 100, published by Dar Al-Fikr Al-Beirutiyya To Twelver and Isma'ili Shias however, his elder half-brother Muhammad al-Baqir is seen as the next Imam of the Shias. Nevertheless, he is considered an important revolutionary figure by Shias and a martyr (''shaheed'') by all schools of Islam, including Sunnis and Shias. The call for revenge for his death, and for the brutal displ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2008 Deaths
This is a list of lists of deaths of notable people, organized by year. New deaths articles are added to their respective month (e.g., Deaths in ) and then linked below. 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 1986 Earlier years ''Deaths in years earlier than this can usually be found in the List of years, main articles of the years.'' See also * Lists of deaths by day * :Deaths by year, Deaths by year (category) {{DEFAULTSORT:deaths by year Lists of deaths by year, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1959 Births
Events January * January 1 – Cuba: Fulgencio Batista flees Havana when the forces of Fidel Castro advance. * January 2 – Soviet lunar probe Luna 1 is the first human-made object to attain escape velocity from Earth. It reaches the vicinity of Earth's Moon, where it was intended to crash-land, but instead becomes the first spacecraft to go into heliocentric orbit. * January 3 ** Alaska is admitted as the 49th U.S. state. ** The southernmost island of the Maldives archipelago, Addu Atoll, declares its independence from the Kingdom of the Maldives, initiating the United Suvadive Republic. * January 4 ** In Cuba, rebel troops led by Che Guevara and Camilo Cienfuegos enter the city of Havana. ** Léopoldville riots: At least 49 people are killed during clashes between the police and participants of a meeting of the ABAKO Party in Kinshasa, Léopoldville in the Belgian Congo. * January 6 – The International Maritime Organization is inaugurated. * January 7 – The United ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahmed Chalabi
Ahmed Abdel Hadi Chalabi (; 30 October 1945 – 3 November 2015) was an Iraqi dissident politician, convicted fraudster and founder of the Iraqi National Congress (INC) who served as the President of the Governing Council of Iraq ( 37th Prime Minister of Iraq) and a Deputy Prime Minister of Iraq under Ibrahim al-Jaafari. He is believed to have been an Iranian agent and had ties with Iran. Chalabi was interim Minister of Oil in Iraq in April–May 2005 and December 2005 – January 2006 and Deputy Prime Minister from May 2005 to May 2006. Chalabi failed to win a seat in parliament in the December 2005 elections, and when the new Iraqi cabinet was announced in May 2006, he was not given a post. Once dubbed the "George Washington of Iraq" by American supporters, he was initially a CIA-backed operative, who later fell out of favor, with U.S. Special Forces raiding his private residence in Baghdad only one year after the invasion of Iraq. He later came under investigation by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibrahim Al-Jaafari
Ibrahim Abdul Karim al-Eshaiker (; born 25 March 1947), better known as Ibrahim al-Jaafari, is an Iraqi politician who was Prime Minister of Iraq in the Iraqi Transitional Government from 2005 to 2006, following the January 2005 Iraqi parliamentary election, January 2005 election. He served as Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Iraq), Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2014 to 2018. He was one of the two Vice President of Iraq, Vice Presidents of Iraq under the Iraqi Interim Government from 2004 to 2005, and he was the main spokesman for the Islamic Dawa Party. He withdrew his nomination for premiership for the permanent government. Early life and education He was born in Karbala to Shia parents Abd al-Karim al-Eshaiker and Rahmah al-Eshaiker on March 25, 1947. He hails from the noble Al Zheek family that claims descent from Ibrahim al-Asghar Patronymic, bin Musa al-Kadhim, the seventh Shia Imamate in Shia doctrine, Imam. The family settled in Karbala in the early 11th-century. His great ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahdi Hussaini Shirazi
Grand Ayatollah Mirza Mahdi Husayni Shirazi (); (; 9 May 1887 – 14 February 1961), also known as Mirza Mahdi Shirazi, was an Iranian Shia marja. After the death of Abu al-Hasan Esfehani and Hossein Tabatabaei Qomi, Mirza Mahdi was considered to be the highest ranking cleric in Karbala, and one of the highest in Iraq, along with Muhsin al-Hakim and his second cousin once removed, Abd al-Hadi Shirazi in Najaf. Mirza Mahdi was the Imam of the Imam Husayn Shrine. Biography Early life He was born in the city of Karbala to the prominent religious Shirazi family. His father was Mirza Habibullah Shirazi, and his mother was Radhiya Golshan-Shirazi (daughter of Muhib Ali Golshan-Shirazi). Mirza Mahdi is the fourth of eight children. His eldest brother, Muhammd-Sadiq, died young. The remaining two of his brothers were also clerics; his older brother, Abdullah Shirazi (grandfather of Ali Sistani's wife; also known as Tawasuli), and younger brother, Jafar Shirazi. His elder si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ja'far Sobhani
Grand Ayatollah Jafar Sobhani (; born 9 April 1929) is an Iranian Twelver Shia marja, influential theologian and writer. Sobhani was a former member of the Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom and founder of Imam Sadiq Institute in Qom. Education Ayatollah Ja'far Sobhani learned Arabic literature, Principles of Islamic jurisprudence in the Islamic Seminary. In 1946, he went to Islamic Seminary in Qom. In the Islamic Seminary, he took part in famous teachers' classes of Fiqh, Usool, Tafsir, and philosophy. Sobhani's important teachers were Seyyed Hossein Borujerdi, Khomeini, and Mirza Sayyed Mohammad Tabatabai near 15 years. Activities * Qom Islamic Seminary's lecturer and scholar in Fiqh, Principles of Fiqh, history,rijal and theological studies * Founder and director of ''Maktabe Islam'' magazine * Founder and director of ''Kalaame Islami'' magazine * Established an institute for theological research known as Imam Sadiq Institute * Participated in w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yadollah Duzduzani
This article provides the list of marjas, ''maraji'' (plural of ''marja'', the supreme legal authority or the source of emulation), followed by Twelver (also known as ''Imamiyyah'') Shia Muslims around the world. The concept of a ''marja-i taqlid'' (lit. source of emulation) is central to Usuli Shi'a Islam. ''Marja-i Taqlids'' provide religious interpretations on matters of law and rituals. Ideally, the most just and knowledgeable specialist in the field of Islamic law should become recognized throughout the Muslim world as the ''marja-i taqlid''. In practice however this rarely happens and there are several marja taqlids among whom an individual is free to choose and emulate.Lara Deeb, ''An Enchanted Modern: Gender and Public Piety in Shi'i Lebanon'', Princeton University Press, pp.69-70Michael W. Suleiman,''Arabs in America: Building a New Future'', p.55, Temple University Press Those clerics who reach the apex in the hierarchy of theological rank in the centers of Shi'a learning ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jawad Tabrizi
Grand Ayatollah Sheikh Mirza Jawad Kubar Tabrizi (; 1926 – November 20, 2006) was an Iranian Shia marja'. Tabrizi was another prominent student of the late grand Ayatollah Sayyid Abu al-Qasim al-Khoei, and one of the leading religious authorities that came to light after the death of al-Khoei. Early life and education Tabrizi was born in Tabriz, to Ali Kubar, a merchant, and Fatima Sultan. He claimed descent from Muhammad through his mother. Education He began his academic education in school, and completed his matriculation in Tabriz. However, he did ended up changing his mind, and going to the Islamic seminary. His family were not encouraging, since at that time, the government of Pahlavi dynasty was continuously pressuring the clerical class of the country. However, his family eventually accepted his fact, and Tabrizi began his Islamic education. He travelled to Qom in 1948, and studied under the thriving seminary under the spiritual guidance of grand Ayatollah Hossein B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hossein Waheed Khorasani
Grand Ayatollah Sheikh Hossein Wahid Khorasani (; born Mohammad-Hossein Molla-Saleh (Persian: ); 1 January 1921) is an Iranian author and Shia marja'. He is the current head of the Qom Seminary. Khorasani is considered to be the most learned Shia religious authority alive by a number of scholars. Early life and education Khorasani was born in Nishapur, a city 130 km west of Mashhad, to Sheikh Esmail Khorasani, a revered alim and orator. He began his religious education at an early age in Mashhad, completing his ''muqadamat'' and Arabic under Sheikh Shams and al-Muhaqiq al-Mughani in the Ba'in Ya school. He then moved to the Mirza Jafar school and completed his intermediate level studies under Sheikh Husayn Birsi, Mirza Ahmed Kifaei, Abu al-Qasim al-Hakim al-Ilahi and Sheikh Husayn-Ali al-Isfahani. He also attended the classes of Mirza Mehdi al-Isfahani, Sheikh Mahdi al-Ishtiyani and Sheikh Muhammad Nahawndi. He received an ijaza from his teacher Sayyid Muhammad Hu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ba'athist Iraq
Ba'athist Iraq, officially the Iraqi Republic (1968–1992) and later the Republic of Iraq (1992–2003), was the Iraqi state between 1968 and 2003 under the one-party rule of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region, Iraqi regional branch of the Ba'ath Party, Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party. The regime emerged as a result of the 17 July Revolution which brought the Ba'athists to power, and lasted until the 2003 invasion of Iraq, U.S.-led invasion of Iraq in 2003. This period has been described as Iraq's longest period of internal stability since independence in 1932. The Ba'ath Party, led by Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr, came to power in Iraq through the bloodless 17 July Revolution, 17 July 1968 Revolution, which overthrew president Abdul Rahman Arif and prime minister Tahir Yahya.''Saddam (name), Saddam'', pronounced , is his personal name, and means ''the stubborn one'' or ''he who confronts'' in Arabic. ''Hussein'' (Sometimes also transliterated as ''Hussayn'' or ''Hussain'') i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
