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Ministry Of Intelligence (Iran)
The Ministry of Intelligence of the Islamic Republic of Iran (), also known as the Ministry of Intelligence and Security (MOIS), is the primary intelligence agency, and secret police, secret police force, of the Islamic Republic of Iran and a member of the Iran Intelligence Community. It is also known as VAJA and previously as VEVAK (''Vezarat-e Ettela'at va Amniyat-e Keshvar''). It was initially known as SAVAMA, after it took over the Pahlavi dynasty, Shah's intelligence apparatus SAVAK. The ministry is one of the three "sovereign" ministerial bodies of Iran due to nature of its work at home and abroad. History Reliable and valid information on the ministry is often difficult to obtain. Initially, the organization was known as SAVAMA, and intended to replace SAVAK, Iran's intelligence agency during the rule of the Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah, but it is unclear how much continuity there is between the two organizations—while their role is similar, their underlying ideology is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prime Ministry Intelligence Office
Prime Ministry Intelligence Office () was an Intelligence agency in Iran directly subordinated to the Prime Minister of Iran, Prime Minister's Office. The agency was formed after Iranian Revolution to be successor to the dissolved SAVAK, and turned into Ministry of Intelligence (Iran), Ministry of Intelligence in 1984. The office was founded by Khosrow Tehrani, and after an agreement with Intelligence Organization of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, which was mainly focused on foreign intelligence and counter-intelligence. References Government agencies established in 1980 Government agencies disestablished in 1984 Organisations of the Iranian Revolution Defunct Iranian intelligence agencies {{iran-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mir-Hossein Mousavi
Mir-Hossein Mousavi Khameneh (, ; born 2 March 1942) is an Iranian politician, artist, architect and opposition figure who served as the 45th and last Prime Minister of Iran from 1981 to 1989. He was a reformist candidate for the 2009 Iranian presidential election, 2009 presidential election and eventually the leader of the opposition in the 2009–2010 Iranian election protests, post-election unrest. Mousavi served as the president of the Iranian Academy of the Arts, Iranian Academy of Arts until 2009, when conservative authorities removed him. Although Mousavi had always considered himself a reformist and believed in promoting change within the Constitution of Iran, 1979 constitution, on 3 February 2023, in the Mahsa Amini protests, violent suppression of Iranians by Ali Khamenei, the Supreme Leader of Iran, he announced his opposition to the Islamic Republic and asked for a widespread referendum to fully change the constitution and make a fundamental change in Iran's political ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ali Younessi
Ali Younesi (born 26 August 1955) is an Iranian politician, who served in different positions. Education Younesi is a graduate of the Haqqani school in Qom. Career Following the Islamic Revolution, Younesi became the head of the Islamic Revolutionary Court of Tehran and later head of the politico-ideological bureau of Islamic Revolutionary Guards. He was minister of intelligence and a member of the Supreme National Security Council during the presidency Mohammad Khatami. He was Hassan Rouhani Hassan Rouhani (; born Hassan Fereydoun, 12 November 1948) is an Iranian peoples, Iranian politician who served as the seventh president of Iran from 2013 to 2021. He is also a sharia lawyer ("Wakil"), academic, former diplomat and Islamic cl ...'s adviser on political and security affairs. References External links 1955 births Living people Iranian Shia clerics People from Nahavand Ministers of intelligence of Iran Presidential aides of Iran {{Ira ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohammad Khatami
Mohammad Khatami (born 14 October 1943) is an Iranian politician and Shia cleric who served as the fifth president of Iran from 3 August 1997 to 3 August 2005. He also served as Iran's Minister of Culture from 1982 to 1992. Later, he was critical of the government of subsequent President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Little known internationally before becoming president, Khatami attracted attention during 1997 Iranian presidential election, his first election to the presidency when he received almost 70% of the vote. Khatami had run on a platform of liberalization and reform. During his election campaign, Khatami proposed the idea of Dialogue Among Civilizations as a response to Samuel P. Huntington, Samuel P. Huntington's 1992 theory of a Clash of Civilizations. The United Nations later proclaimed the year 2001 as the ''Year of Dialogue Among Civilizations'', on Khatami's suggestion. During his two terms as president, Khatami advocated freedom of expression, tolerance and civil society ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghorbanali Dorri-Najafabadi
Ghorbanali Dorri-Najafabadi (; born 3 December 1950) is an Iranian politician and cleric. He is currently a member of the Assembly of Experts and also a member of the Expediency Discernment Council. He was previously the Minister of Intelligence of Islamic Republic of Iran. Career Dorri-Najafabadi was the minister of intelligence in the cabinet of then president Mohammad Khatami. During his term of ministership, some journalists and reformist politicians were murdered by security agents, for which the Iranian government later charged his deputy, Saeed Emami, with orchestrating, claiming he had organized them independently. Dorri-Najafabadi resigned and was succeeded by Ali Younessi. The events were later named the " Chained Murders" by the reformist cabinet of President Mohammad Khatami. After Mohammad Ismaeil Shooshtari, in 2005, he was the attorney-general of the Islamic Republic of Iran. He was succeeded by Jamal Karimi-Rad in the post. In 2008, he said that toys such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani
Akbar Hashemi Bahramani Rafsanjani (25 August 19348 January 2017) was an Iranian cleric, politician and writer who served as the fourth president of Iran from 1989 to 1997. One of the founding fathers of the Islamic Republic, Rafsanjani was the head of the Assembly of Experts from 2007 until 2011 when he decided not to nominate himself for the post. He was also the chairman of the Expediency Discernment Council. During his 40-year tenure, Rafsanjani amassed a large amount of power serving as the speaker of parliament, Commander-in-Chief during the Iran–Iraq War, president, and chose Ali Khamenei as the supreme leader of iran. Rafsanjani became president of Iran after winning the 1989 election. He served another term by winning the election in 1993. In the 2005 election he ran for a third term in office, placing first in the first round of elections but ultimately losing to rival Mahmoud Ahmadinejad in the run-off. He and his family faced political isolation for their suppor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ali Fallahian
Ali Fallahian ( , born 1949)FALLAHIAN, ALI (1949– ), in ''The A to Z of Middle Eastern Intelligence'', Ephraim Kahana and Muhammad Suwaed, pp. 85-86, 2009 is an Iranian cleric, judge and politician. He was Iran's second Minister of Intelligence and Security, holding office from 1989 to 1997, during the presidency of Ali Akbar Rafsanjani. Early life Fallahian was born in Najafabad, Iran, in 1949. He is a graduate of Haqqani school of theology in Qom. A loyal follower of Ayatollah Khomeini, he was under surveillance by the SAVAK and then imprisoned by the Shah for spreading antigovernment propaganda. Career After the victory of the Iranian Revolution in 1979, Fallahian was appointed a judge in Islamic Revolutionary Courts, and condemned to death by hanging many former officials of the Shah's regime. From 1982 to 1984 he was a member of the Leadership of the Komitehs, while from 1984 to 1986 he served as Deputy Minister of Intelligence and Security under Minister Muha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohammad Reyshahri
Mohammad Reyshahri (), also known as Mohammad Mohammadi-Nik (29 October 1946 – 21 March 2022), was an Iranian politician, cleric, judge and religious scholar, who notably served as Chief Judge of the Revolutionary Military Tribunal (1979–1984), as the first Minister of Intelligence and Security (1984–1989) in the cabinet of Prime Minister Mir-Hossein Mousavi and as Prosecutor-General of Iran from 1989 to 1991. Early life and education Reyshahri was born into a religious Persian family in Rey on 29 October 1946. He was educated in Qom and Najaf in the field of theology. He and his successor at the ministry of intelligence, Ali Fallahian, were alumni of the Haqqani School in Qom. Career Reyshahri began to involve himself in political activities in June 1963 during the religious revolts after Khomeini's famous speech in Qom. In 1967, he fled to Najaf and stayed there for a while. Upon his return to Iran, he was imprisoned. While incarcerated, he met Ali Khamenei, who la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mujtahid
''Ijtihad'' ( ; ' , ) is an Islamic legal term referring to independent reasoning by an expert in Islamic law, or the thorough exertion of a jurist's mental faculty in finding a solution to a legal question. It is contrasted with '' taqlid'' (imitation, conformity to legal precedent). According to classical Sunni theory, ''ijtihad'' requires expertise in the Arabic language, theology, revealed texts, and principles of jurisprudence (''usul al-fiqh''), and is not employed where authentic and authoritative texts (Qur'an and hadith) are considered unambiguous with regard to the question, or where there is an existing scholarly consensus (''ijma''). ''Ijtihad'' is considered to be a religious duty for those qualified to perform it. An Islamic scholar who is qualified to perform ''ijtihad'' is called a "'' mujtahid''". For first five centuries of Islam, the practice of ''ijtihad'' continued in theory and practice among Sunni Muslims. It then first became subject to dispute in the 12 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ayatollah Khomeini
Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini (17 May 1900 or 24 September 19023 June 1989) was an Iranian revolutionary, politician, political theorist, and religious leader. He was the founder of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the main leader of the Iranian Revolution, which overthrew Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, and served as the first supreme leader of Iran, the highest-ranking political and religious authority of the Islamic Republic until his death in 1989. Born in Khomeyn, in what is now Iran's Markazi province, his father was murdered when Khomeini was two years old. He began studying the Quran and Arabic from a young age assisted by his relatives. Khomeini became a high ranking cleric in Twelver Shi'ism, an ''ayatollah'', a ''marja''' ("source of emulation"), a '' mujtahid'' or '' faqīh'' (an expert in ''fiqh''), and author of more than 40 books. His opposition to the White Revolution resulted in his state-sponsored expulsion to Bursa in 1964. Nearly a year later, he moved to Najaf, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps
The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), also known as the Iranian Revolutionary Guards, is a multi-service primary branch of the Islamic Republic of Iran Armed Forces, Iranian Armed Forces. It was officially established by Ruhollah Khomeini as a military branch in May 1979 in the aftermath of the Iranian Revolution.''IISS Military Balance 2006'', Routledge for the IISS, London, 2006, p. 187 Whereas the Islamic Republic of Iran Army, Iranian Army protects the country's sovereignty in a traditional capacity, the IRGC's constitutional mandate is to ensure the integrity of the Khomeinism, Islamic Republic. Most interpretations of this mandate assert that it entrusts the IRGC with preventing foreign interference in Iran, thwarting coups by the traditional military, and crushing "deviant movements" that harm the ideological legacy of the Islamic Revolution. , the IRGC had approximately 125,000 total personnel. The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Navy, IRGC Navy is now Iran's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supreme Leader Of Iran
The supreme leader of Iran, also referred to as the supreme leader of the Islamic Revolution, but officially called the supreme leadership authority, is the head of state and the highest political and religious authority of Iran (above the President of Iran, president). The Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, armed forces, Judicial system of Iran, judiciary, Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting, state radio and television, and other key government organizations such as the Guardian Council and Expediency Discernment Council are subject to the supreme leader."Who's in Charge?" by Ervand Abrahamian ''London Review of Books'', 6 November 2008 According to the constitution, the supreme leader delineates the general policies of the Islamic Republic (article 110), supervising the Islamic Consultative Assembly, legislature, the Supreme Court of Iran, judiciary, and the Cabinet of Iran, executive branches (article 57). The current lifetime officeholder, Ali Khamenei, has issued ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
