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Mesogondolella Bisselli
''Mesogondolella'' is an extinct genus of conodonts. The species ''M. daheshenensis'' and ''M. subgracilis'' are from the Permian (probably Wordian) of the Daheshen Formation in China.The age of the Daheshen Formation in Jilin Province based on conodonts. Xiao-dong Zhou, Dong-jin Li, Guang-qi Wang, Xi-qing Sun and Cheng-yuan Wang, Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 2013, volume 52, issue 3, pages 294–308 The top of the Sakmarian stage (the base of the Artinskian) is defined as the place in the stratigraphic record where fossils of conodont species ''Sweetognathus whitei'' and ''Mesogondolella bisselli'' first appear. References External links * Ozarkodinida genera Permian conodonts {{Conodont-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Animal
Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms in the Biology, biological Kingdom (biology), kingdom Animalia (). With few exceptions, animals heterotroph, consume organic material, Cellular respiration#Aerobic respiration, breathe oxygen, have myocytes and are motility, able to move, can reproduce sexually, and grow from a hollow sphere of Cell (biology), cells, the blastula, during embryonic development. Animals form a clade, meaning that they arose from a single common ancestor. Over 1.5 million extant taxon, living animal species have been species description, described, of which around 1.05 million are insects, over 85,000 are molluscs, and around 65,000 are vertebrates. It has been estimated there are as many as 7.77 million animal species on Earth. Animal body lengths range from to . They have complex ecologies and biological interaction, interactions with each other and their environments, forming intricate food webs. The scientific study of animals is known as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guadalupian
The Guadalupian is the second and middle Series (stratigraphy), series/Epoch (geology), epoch of the Permian. The Guadalupian was preceded by the Cisuralian and followed by the Lopingian. It is named after the Guadalupe Mountains of New Mexico and Texas, and dates between 272.95 ± 0.5 – 259.1 ± 0.4 Mya. The series saw the rise of the therapsids, a minor extinction event called Olson's Extinction and a significant Extinction event, mass extinction called the end-Capitanian extinction event. The Guadalupian is also known as the Middle Permian. Name and background The Guadalupian is the second and middle series or epoch of the Permian. Previously called Middle Permian, the name of this epoch is part of a revision of Permian stratigraphy for standard global correlation. The name "Guadalupian" was first proposed in the early 1900s, and approved by the International Subcommission on Permian Stratigraphy in 1996. References to the Middle Permian still exist. The Guadalupian was p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sweetognathus Whitei
''Sweetognathus'' is an extinct genus of conodonts in the family Sweetognathidae that evolved at the beginning of the Permian period (298.9 Ma), in near-equatorial, shallow-water seas. The genus is characterized by pustulose ornamentation on a wide, flat-topped carina. It originated in the earliest Permian as ''S. expansus'' from '' Diplognathodus edentulus''. ''Sweetognathus'' forms a species complex. The genus is named after paleontologist Walter C. Sweet. Recurrent parallel species pairs have occurred throughout ''Sweetognathus'' evolution between populations originating in Bolivia, the Midwestern United States, and Russia. Parallelisms have been found to occur in the denticle morphologies of their platform elements. Use in stratigraphy According to the List of Global Boundary Stratotype Sections and Points, the species ''Sweetognathus whitei'' made its first appearance during the Artinskian (some 290.1 ± 0.26 mya), in the Permian of the Ural Mountains.The species ''Sweet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Artinskian
In the geologic timescale, the Artinskian is an age (geology), age or stage (stratigraphy), stage of the Permian. It is a subdivision of the Cisuralian Epoch (geology), Epoch or series (stratigraphy), Series. The Artinskian likely lasted between and megaannum, million years ago (Ma) according to the most recent revision of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) in 2022. It was preceded by the Sakmarian and followed by the Kungurian. Stratigraphy The Artinskian is named after the goniatite grits of Artinsk which was introduced by Roderick Murchison, Édouard de Verneuil and count Alexander von Keyserling in their ''The Geology of Russia in Europe and the Ural Mountains'' (1845). The grits of Artinsk, in turn, get its name from the Artinsky District with center in the Russian smalltown of Arti, Russia, Arti (formerly ''Artinsk zavod''), situated in the middle Ural Mountains, Urals, about 170 km southwest of Yekaterinburg. The stage was introduced into scientific li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sakmarian
In the geologic timescale, the Sakmarian is an age or stage of the Permian period. It is a subdivision of the Cisuralian Epoch or Series. The Sakmarian lasted between 293.52 and million years ago (Ma). It was preceded by the Asselian and followed by the Artinskian.; 2004: ''A Geologic Time Scale 2004'', Cambridge University Press Stratigraphy The Sakmarian Stage is named after the Sakmara River in the Ural Mountains, a tributary to the Ural River. The stage was introduced into scientific literature by Alexander Karpinsky in 1874. In Russian stratigraphy, it originally formed a substage of the Artinskian Stage. Currently, the ICS (International Commission on Stratigraphy) uses it as an independent stage in its international geologic timescale. The base of the Sakmarian Stage is defined by the first appearance of conodont species '' Streptognathodus postfusus'' in the fossil record. A global reference profile for the stage's base (a GSSP A Global Boundary Stratotype ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wordian
In the geologic timescale, the Wordian is an age or stage of the Permian. It is the middle of three subdivisions of the Guadalupian Epoch or Series. The Wordian lasted between and million years ago (Ma). It was preceded by the Roadian and followed by the Capitanian. Stratigraphy The Wordian Stage was introduced into scientific literature by Johan August Udden in 1916 and was named after the Word Formation of the North American Permian Basin. The Wordian was first used as a stratigraphic subdivision of the Guadalupian in 1961, when both names were still only used regionally in the southern US. The stage was added to the internationally used ISC timescale in 2001.; 1999: ''Proposal of Guadalupian and Component Roadian, Wordian and Capitanian Stages as International Standards for the Middle Permian Series'', Permophiles 34: pp 3–11. The base of the Wordian Stage is defined as the place in the stratigraphic record where fossils of conodont species ''Jinogondolella aserrata'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palaeoworld
''Palaeoworld'' is a peer-reviewed academic journal with a focus on palaeontology and stratigraphy research in and around China. It was founded in 1991 by the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology at the Chinese Academy of Sciences (NIGPAS). The journal has been published quarterly since 2006; prior to 2006, it did not adhere to a fixed publication schedule. The journal publishes articles from several specialised fields pertaining to palaeobiology and earth science, such as: fossil taxonomy; biostratigraphy, chemostratigraphy, and chronostratigraphy; evolutionary biology; evolutionary ecology; palaeoecology; palaeoclimatology; and molecular palaeontology. Its editors-in-chief are Shuzhong Shen of the State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy at NIGPAS, and Norman MacLeod of the Natural History Museum, London. See also * ''Paleontological Journal'' * List of fossil sites References External links * (Elsevier.com) * (ScienceDirect ScienceDirect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jinogondolella
''Jinogondolella'' is an extinct genus of conodonts. Mesogondolella and Jinogondolella (Conodonta): Multielement definition of the taxa that bracket the basal Guadalupian The Guadalupian is the second and middle Series (stratigraphy), series/Epoch (geology), epoch of the Permian. The Guadalupian was preceded by the Cisuralian and followed by the Lopingian. It is named after the Guadalupe Mountains of New Mexico an ... (Middle Permian Series) GSSP. Lance L. Lambert, Bruce R. Wardlaw and Charles M. Henderson, Palaeoworld, Volume 16, Issues 1–3, January–September 2007, Pages 208–221, Use in stratigraphy The top of the Kungurian (the base of the Roadian and the Guadalupian series) is defined as the place in the stratigraphic record where fossils of the species ''Jinogondolella nanginkensis'' first appeared. The base of the Wordian stage is defined as the place in the stratigraphic record where fossils of the species ''Jinogondolella aserrata'' first appeared. The glo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chordata
A chordate ( ) is a bilaterian animal belonging to the phylum Chordata ( ). All chordates possess, at some point during their larval or adult stages, five distinctive physical characteristics (Apomorphy and synapomorphy, synapomorphies) that distinguish them from other Taxon, taxa. These five synapomorphies are a notochord, a neural tube, hollow dorsal nerve cord, an endostyle or thyroid, pharyngeal slits, and a post-anus, anal tail. In addition to the morphological characteristics used to define chordates, analysis of genome sequences has identified two conserved signature indels (CSIs) in their proteins: cyclophilin-like protein and inner mitochondrial membrane protease ATP23, which are exclusively shared by all vertebrates, tunicates and cephalochordates. These CSIs provide molecular means to reliably distinguish chordates from all other animals. Chordates are divided into three phylum, subphyla: Vertebrata (fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals), whose notochor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conodont
Conodonts, are an extinct group of marine jawless vertebrates belonging to the class Conodonta (from Ancient Greek κῶνος (''kōnos''), meaning " cone", and ὀδούς (''odoús''), meaning "tooth"). They are primarily known from their hard, mineralised tooth-like structures called "conodont elements" that in life were present in the oral cavity and used to process food. Rare soft tissue remains suggest that they had elongate eel-like bodies with large eyes. Conodonts were a long-lasting group with over 300 million years of existence from the Cambrian (over 500 million years ago) to the beginning of the Jurassic (around 200 million years ago). Conodont elements are highly distinctive to particular species and are widely used in biostratigraphy as indicative of particular periods of geological time. Discovery and understanding of conodonts The teeth-like fossils of the conodont were first discovered by Heinz Christian Pander and the results published in Saint Petersburg, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heinz Kozur
Heinz Walter Kozur (born 26 March 1942 in Hoyerswerda; died 20 December 2013 in Budapest) was a German paleontologist and stratigrapher. In 1974, with Mock, he described the conodont genus ''Misikella'', in 1975, with Merrill, the genus '' Diplognathodus'', in 1977, the genus '' Vjalovognathus'', in 1988, the genus '' Budurovignathus'', in 1989, the genus ''Mesogondolella'', in 1990, the genera ''Clarkina'' and ''Chiosella'' and in 2003, the genus '' Carnepigondolella''. In 2011, with RE Weems, he made additions to the uppermost Alaunian through Rhaetian The Rhaetian is the latest age (geology), age of the Triassic period (geology), Period (in geochronology) or the uppermost stage (stratigraphy), stage of the Triassic system (stratigraphy), System (in chronostratigraphy). It was preceded by the N ... (Triassic) conchostracan zonation of North America.Additions to the uppermost Alaunian through Rhaetian (Triassic) conchostracan zonation of North America: New Mexico Museum o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
