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Menemerus Regius
''Menemerus regius'' is a species of jumping spider in the genus ''Menemerus'' that lives in Ethiopia. The species was first identified in 1999 by Wanda Wesołowska. The spider has been found living in low vegetation, on trees and in houses. It is small, with a brown hairy carapace that is between long and a yellowish-grey or greyish-beige Opisthosoma, abdomen that is between in length. The female is slightly larger than the male. The carapace has a large yellowish patch and the abdomen a stripe down the middle. The spider has yellow Arthropod leg, legs. The spider is similar to others in the genus. However, its copulatory organs are distinctive. The male lacks the ventral tibial apophysis normally found on its palpal bulb and instead has an unusual double tibial apophysis with one bulbous appendage and the other shaped like a horn. The female has a characteristic shape to its epigyne with two rounded depressions to the front and a noticeable notch to the rear. Taxonomy ''Menemer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Menemerus Semilimbatus
''Menemerus semilimbatus'' is a spider in the family Salticidae. Description ''Menemerus semilimbatus'' are about long, the male being slightly smaller than the female. These fairly big jumping spiders are dorso-ventrally flattened and are covered with short dense, grayish-white hairs, with hairy whitish palps and a white band on the side margins of the carapace A carapace is a Dorsum (biology), dorsal (upper) section of the exoskeleton or shell in a number of animal groups, including arthropods, such as crustaceans and arachnids, as well as vertebrates, such as turtles and tortoises. In turtles and tor ..., showing also a small white, triangular marking in the middle. The eyes are large and forward-facing. The legs are light brown with darker rings and patches, while the abdomen is dorsally yellowish or grayish, with a characteristic pattern of several bright V-shaped markings. The females show a notch at the posterior edge of the epigyne and two oval depressions in the an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helvetia
Helvetia () is the female national personification of Switzerland, officially ''Confoederatio Helvetica,'' the Swiss Confederation. The allegory is typically pictured in a flowing gown, with a spear and a shield emblazoned with the Swiss flag, and commonly with braided hair, commonly with a wreath as a symbol of confederation. The name is a derivation of the ethnonym '' Helvetii'', the name of the Gaulish tribe inhabiting the Swiss Plateau before the Roman conquest. History The fashion of depicting the Swiss Confederacy in terms of female allegories arises in the 17th century. This replaces an earlier convention, popular in the 1580s, of representing Switzerland as a bull (''Schweizer Stier''). In the first half of the 17th century, there was not a single allegory identified as ''Helvetia''. Rather, a number of allegories were shown, representing both virtues and vices of the confederacy. On the title page of his 1642 ''Topographia'', Matthäus Merian shows two allego ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sternum (arthropod Anatomy)
The sternum (pl. "sterna") is the ventral portion of a segment of an arthropod thorax or abdomen. In insects, the sterna are usually single, large sclerites, and external. However, they can sometimes be divided in two or more, in which case the subunits are called sternites, and may also be modified on the terminal abdominal segments so as to form part of the functional genitalia, in which case they are frequently reduced in size and development, and may become internalized and/or membranous. For a detailed explanation of the terminology, see Kinorhynchs have tergal and sternal plates too, though seemingly not homologous with those of arthropods.Sørensen, M. V. et al. Phylogeny of Kinorhyncha based on morphology and two molecular loci. PLoS One 10, 1–33 (2015). Ventrites are externally visible sternites. Usually the first sternite is covered up, so that vertrite numbers do not correspond to sternid numbers. The term is also used in other arthropod groups such as crustacea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spider Vision
The eyes of spiders vary significantly in their structure, arrangement, and function. They usually have eight, each being a simple eye with a single lens (optics), lens rather than multiple units as in the compound eyes of insects. The specific arrangement and structure of the eyes is one of the features used in the identification and classification of different species, genera, and families. Most Haplogynae, haplogynes have six eyes, although some have eight (Plectreuridae), four (e.g., ''Tetrablemma'') or even two (most Caponiidae). In some cave species, there are no eyes at all (e.g. Stalita taenaria). Sometimes one pair of eyes is better developed than the rest. Several families of hunting spiders, such as jumping spiders and wolf spiders, have fair to excellent vision. The main pair of eyes in jumping spiders even sees in colour. Structure and anatomy Spiders' eyes are Simple eye in invertebrates, simple eyes, or ''ocelli'' (singular ''ocellus''), meaning their eyes have a si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Menemerus Rabaudi
''Menemerus'' is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1868. They are long, flattened in shape, and very hairy, usually with brown and grayish hairs. Most species have white edges on the thorax. The abdomen is often oval, or sometimes elongated or rounded. Species it contains sixty-seven species, found worldwide in warmer climates. *'' M. affinis'' Wesolowska & van Harten, 2010 – United Arab Emirates *'' M. albocinctus'' Keyserling, 1890 – India (Nicobar Is.) *'' M. animatus'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876 – Senegal to Iraq *'' M. arabicus'' Prószyński, 1993 – Saudi Arabia *'' M. bicolor'' Peckham & Peckham, 1896 – Guatemala *'' M. bifurcus'' Wesolowska, 1999 – Southern Africa *'' M. bivittatus'' (Dufour, 1831) – Africa. Introduced to North, Central and South America, southern Europe, China, Japan, Australia, Pacific Is., *'' M. brachygnathus'' ( Thorell, 1887) – India to Japan *'' M. brevibulbis'' (Thorell, 1887) – S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latin
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the Roman Republic it became the dominant language in the Italian region and subsequently throughout the Roman Empire. Even after the fall of Western Rome, Latin remained the common language of international communication, science, scholarship and academia in Europe until well into the 18th century, when other regional vernaculars (including its own descendants, the Romance languages) supplanted it in common academic and political usage, and it eventually became a dead language in the modern linguistic definition. Latin is a highly inflected language, with three distinct genders (masculine, feminine, and neuter), six or seven noun cases (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, ablative, and vocative), five declensions, four ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leptorchestes
''Leptorchestes'' is a genus of jumping spiders in the family Salticidae. As in several other genera of salticids, it mimicks ants. Species * '' Leptorchestes algerinus'' Wesołowska & Szeremeta, 2001 – Algeria * '' Leptorchestes berolinensis'' (C. L. Koch, 1846) – Europe to Turkmenistan * '' Leptorchestes mutilloides'' (Lucas, 1846) – Southern Europe, Algeria * '' Leptorchestes peresi'' ( Simon, 1868) – Mediterranean * '' Leptorchestes separatus'' Wesołowska & Szeremeta, 2001 – Namibia * '' Leptorchestes sikorskii'' Prószyński, 2000 – Lebanon, Israel, Turkey, Bulgaria, Greece Greece,, or , romanized: ', officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the southern tip of the Balkans, and is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Greece shares land borders with ... References * (2009)The world spider catalog version 9.5. ''American Museum of Natural History''. Further reading * (2001): A revision ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kima
''Kima'' is a genus of spiders in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). Species , the World Spider Catalog accepted the following species: * ''Kima africana'' Peckham & Peckham, 1902 – South Africa * ''Kima atra'' Wesołowska & Russell-Smith, 2000 – Tanzania * ''Kima montana'' Wesołowska & Szeremeta, 2001 – Kenya * ''Kima reimoseri'' (Lessert, 1927) – Republic of Congo * ''Kima variabilis ''Kima'' is a genus of spiders in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). Species , the World Spider Catalog accepted the following species: * ''Kima africana'' Peckham & Peckham, 1902 – South Africa * '' Kima atra'' Wesołowska & Russell- ...'' Peckham & Peckham, 1903 – South Africa References Salticidae Salticidae genera Spiders of Africa {{Salticidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salticoida
Salticoida is an unranked clade of the jumping spider family Salticidae. It is the larger and more widespread of the two subdivisions of the "typical" jumping spiders (subfamily Salticinae), occurring effectively world-wide. Its sister clade is Amycoida, which is also very diverse ecologically but has a mostly South American distribution. Systematics and evolution Salticoida includes the bulk of extant jumping spider diversity, with over 400 genera organized phylogenetically into 18 tribes according to Wayne Maddison's 2015 proposal. The age and origin of the Salticoida are not well determined. Certainly, by the late Paleogene the major lineages were recognizably distinct as indicated by the fossil evidence and molecular phylogeny. Thus, the salticoids presumably originated during or around the PETM or a bit earlier, but no corresponding fossils have been found yet. Their sister lineage, the Amycoida, probably originated by dispersal across the ocean to South America, which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clade (biology)
A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, the equivalent Latin term ''cladus'' (plural ''cladi'') is often used in taxonomical literature. The common ancestor may be an individual, a population, or a species (extinct or extant). Clades are nested, one in another, as each branch in turn splits into smaller branches. These splits reflect evolutionary history as populations diverged and evolved independently. Clades are termed monophyletic (Greek: "one clan") groups. Over the last few decades, the cladistic approach has revolutionized biological classification and revealed surprising evolutionary relationships among organisms. Increasingly, taxonomists try to avoid naming taxa that are not clades; that is, taxa that are not monophyletic. Some of the relationships between organis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wayne Maddison
Wayne Paul Maddison , is a professor and Canada Research Chair at the departments of zoology and botany at the University of British Columbia, and the Director of the Spencer Entomological Collection at the Beaty Biodiversity Museum. His research concerns the phylogeny, biodiversity, and evolution of jumping spiders (Salticidae), of which he has discovered new species and genera. He has also done research in phylogenetic theory, developing and perfecting various methods used in comparative biology, such as character state inference in internal nodes through maximum parsimony, squared-change parsimony, or character correlation through the concentrated changes test or pairwise comparisons. In collaboration with David R. Maddison, he worked on thMesquiteopen-source Open source is source code that is made freely available for possible modification and redistribution. Products include permission to use the source code, design documents, or content of the product. The open-sourc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chrysillini
Chrysillini is a tribe of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. In Maddison's 2015 revision of the family, the subfamily Heliophaninae was reclassified as a junior synonym of Chrysillini. Genera * '' Afraflacilla'' * '' Augustaea'' * '' Chrysilla'' * '' Cosmophasis'' * '' Echinussa'' * '' Epocilla'' * ''Festucula'' * ''Hakka'' * ''Helicius'' * '' Heliophanillus'' * ''Heliophanus'' * '' Helvetia'' * '' Icius'' * '' Kupiuka'' * ''Marchena'' * '' Matagaia'' * ''Menemerus'' * ''Mexcala'' * ''Natta'' * '' Ogdenia'' * '' Orsima'' * '' Paraheliophanus'' * '' Phintella'' * '' Plesiopiuka'' * '' Siler'' * '' Tasa'' * '' Theriella'' * ''Wesolowskana'' * ''Yepoella ''Yepoella'' is a monotypic taxon, monotypic genus of Argentinian Salticidae, jumping spiders containing the single species, ''Yepoella crassistyli''. It was first described by María Elena Galiano in 1970, and is found in Argentina. A second spec ...'' References Salticidae Spider tribes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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