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Membership Discrimination In California Clubs
Membership discrimination in California social clubs has been based on sex, race, religion, political views and social standing. In the late 1980s, a successful effort was made in many of the clubs to open up membership first to racial or religious minorities and then to women. Strictly private clubs that are not open to the public, and for which tax exemptions are not claimed, maintain their right to discriminate on the basis of sex or race, and all clubs can discriminate on the basis of social standing. A state law against discriminating in the service of private businesses was gradually made applicable to social clubs that engaged in commercial activities. Rules against discrimination were also applied where clubs were the beneficiaries of government in any way, notably through taxes or subsidies. The first clubs The Bohemian Club was founded in San Francisco in 1872 as a journalists' social group, but it grew to become a refuge for some of the most powerful men in American ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bohemian Club
The Bohemian Club is a private club with two locations: a city clubhouse in the Nob Hill district of San Francisco, California, and the Bohemian Grove, a retreat north of the city in Sonoma County. Founded in 1872 from a regular meeting of journalists, artists, and musicians, it soon began to accept businessmen and entrepreneurs as permanent members, as well as offering temporary membership to university presidents (notably Berkeley and Stanford) and military commanders who were serving in the San Francisco Bay Area. Today, the club has a membership of many local and global leaders, ranging from artists and musicians to businessmen. Membership is restricted to men only. Clubhouse The City Club is located in a six-story masonry building at the corner of Post Street and Taylor Street, two blocks west of Union Square, and on the same block as both the Olympic Club and the Marines Memorial Club. The clubhouse contains dining rooms, meeting rooms, a bar, a library, an art galler ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Los Angeles Country Club
The Los Angeles Country Club is a golf and country club in Los Angeles, California, United States. The club is noted for being very exclusive. It hosted the 2023 U.S. Open on its North Course. History In the fall of 1897, a group of Los Angeles residents organized the Los Angeles Golf Club, and a lot was leased at the corner of Pico and Alvarado streets (now part of the Alvarado Terrace Historic District) for a nine-hole golf course. Called "The Windmill Links," the course was named for a makeshift clubhouse crafted from the bottom of an abandoned windmill. Through the middle of 1898, this site served as the club's home until the course became too crowded. The club was removed to Pico Heights, at Hobart and 16th streets, and was named "The Convent Links" for its location behind a convent near Rosedale Cemetery. Again, nine holes were laid out for play, but by the spring of 1899, this course and clubhouse had also become too restricted for play. The search committee for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bank Of America
The Bank of America Corporation (Bank of America) (often abbreviated BofA or BoA) is an American multinational investment banking, investment bank and financial services holding company headquartered at the Bank of America Corporate Center in Charlotte, North Carolina, with investment banking and auxiliary headquarters in Manhattan. The bank was founded by the merger of NationsBank and Bank of America (1904–1998), Bank of America in 1998. It is the List of largest banks in the United States, second-largest banking institution in the United States and the second-largest bank in the world by market capitalization, both after JPMorgan Chase. Bank of America is one of the Big Four (banking)#United States, Big Four banking institutions of the United States. and one of eight systemically important financial institutions in the US. It serves about 10 percent of all American bank deposits, in direct competition with JPMorgan Chase, Citigroup, and Wells Fargo. Its primary financial se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wells Fargo Bank
Wells Fargo & Company is an American multinational financial services company with a significant global presence. The company operates in 35 countries and serves over 70 million customers worldwide. It is a systemically important financial institution according to the Financial Stability Board, and is considered one of the "Big Four Banks" in the United States, alongside JPMorgan Chase, Bank of America, and Citigroup. The company's primary subsidiary is Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., a national bank that designates its Sioux Falls, South Dakota, site as its main office (and therefore is treated by most U.S. federal courts as a citizen of South Dakota).Rouse v. Wachovia Mortgage, FSB', 747 F.3d 707 (9th Cir. 2014) (citing cases on each side of circuit split and joining majority rule that a national bank is only a citizen of the state in which its main office is located). It is the fourth-largest bank in the United States by total assets and is also one of the largest as ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisca Club
The Francisca Club is a women's only private social club in San Francisco, California. It is apparently the oldest private women's club surviving in San Francisco and has been in its clubhouse since the 1920s. It had typically had a membership of around 500; however, recently this has declined to closer to 400. Two other women's clubs in San Francisco were the Woman's Athletic Club of San Francisco, whose 640 Sutter St. building was built in 1914, and the Women's Club of San Francisco, whose Sutter Street building was built in 1927.See Women's Athletic Club of Alameda County The Women's Athletic Club of Alameda County, at 525 Bellevue Ave. in Oakland, California, was built in 1928–29. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009. It has also been known as The Bellevue Club, as Women's Athletic ...'s NRHP nomination document for some information on these. References Clubs and societies in California Women's clubs in the United States Organizations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reverse Discrimination
Reverse discrimination is a term used to describe discrimination against members of a dominant or majority group, in favor of members of a minority or historically disadvantaged group. Reverse discrimination based on race or ethnicity is also called reverse racism. Equality of opportunity and substantive equality Philosopher Richard Arneson argues that while a program of reverse discrimination favoring non-White candidates over White ones may violate equality of opportunity in a formal sense, it may more effectively promote substantive equality. The Dilemma of difference refers to the difference between the two equality concepts. Affirmative action Affirmative action is a set of practices that attempts to promote diversity in areas such as employment, education, and leadership, typically by reserving some positions for people of traditionally disadvantaged groups. This may result in discrimination towards successful majority groups who have greater technical qualifications ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bibliophiles
A bookworm or bibliophile is an individual who loves and frequently reads or collects books. Bibliophilia or bibliophilism is the love of books. Bibliophiles may have large, specialized book collections. They may highly value old editions, autographed copies, or illustrated versions. Bibliophilia is distinct from bibliomania, a compulsive obsession to collect books which can affect interpersonal relationships or health. The term "bibliophile" has been in use since 1820 and has been associated with historical figures like Lord Spencer and J.P. Morgan, who were known for their extensive book collections. Profile The classic bibliophile loves to read, admires and collects books, and often amasses a large and specialized collection. Bibliophiles usually possess books they love or that hold special value, as well as old editions with unusual bindings, autographed, or illustrated copies. "Bibliophile" is an appropriate term for a minority of those who are book collectors. Hist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zamorano Club
The Zamorano Club is a bibliographic and manuscript collecting society in Southern California. It is the oldest organization of its type in the region. It was founded on January 25, 1928. It was named after Agustín V. Zamorano who brought the first printing press to California. The club hosts lectures and publishes books. History and purpose The Zamorano Club was established in 1928 by a group of book enthusiasts, collectors, and scholars who sought to promote the study of historical and fine printing. Since its inception, the club has provided a forum for discussions on rare books, printing history, and California’s literary heritage. Membership is by invitation and includes bibliophiles, librarians, scholars, and book artists. A founding member of the Fellowship of American Bibliophilic Societies, the Zamorano Club publishes the Zamorano 80, a bibliography identifying the most significant books on California’s history and culture. The Beinecke Library at Yale University ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jake Zeitlin
Jacob Israel Zeitlin (November 4, 1902 – August 30, 1987) was an American bookseller, publisher, collector, poet and intellectual in Los Angeles in the mid-twentieth century. Early life and career Jacob Zeitlin was born in Racine, Wisconsin, but moved with his family to Fort Worth, Texas in his childhood and to Los Angeles in 1925. For many years, Zeitlin lived in the Echo Park area of Los Angeles. He opened his first bookshop in 1928, on Hope Street near 6th Street in downtown Los Angeles, and over the years moved his shop a number of times, its final location being in a converted barn on La Cienega Boulevard. He founded the Primavera Press, to produce fine printed books, and was a co-founder of the Rounce & Coffin Club,Starr, 308-316 which supported and encouraged fine printing in Southern California for many years. During his sixty years as a rare book seller, he, along with his many friends and associates, known as the "Zeitlin circle," was a significant force in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Los Angeles Athletic Club
Los Angeles Athletic Club (LAAC) is a privately owned Sports club, athletic club and social club in Los Angeles, California, Los Angeles, California, United States. Established in 1880, the club is today best known for its John R. Wooden Award presented to the outstanding men's and women's college basketball player of each year. History Establishment The Los Angeles Athletic Club (LAAC) was founded on September 8, 1880. By the end of its first month of existence the fledgling club counted 60 enlisted members and was able to rent its first facility, two halls located in Stearns Hall on Los Angeles Street in downtown Los Angeles. A 19th Century history indicates that the club had the dual purposes of "providing its members with the means of physical development" along with "the advantages of a gentlemen's club.Charles F. Lummis (ed.)"Los Angeles Athletic Club,"''The Land of Sunshine'' [Los Angeles], vol. 5, no. 3 (Aug. 1896). pg. 134. The club relocated for the first time in 1881 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Scheer
Robert Scheer (born April 4, 1936) is an American left-wing journalist who has written for '' Ramparts'', the ''Los Angeles Times'', ''Playboy'', '' Hustler Magazine'', ''Truthdig'', ''ScheerPost'' and other publications as well as having written many books. His column for ''Truthdig'' was nationally syndicated by Creators Syndicate in publications such as ''The Huffington Post'' and ''The Nation''. He is a clinical professor of communications at the Annenberg School for Communication & Journalism at the University of Southern California. Scheer is the former editor in-chief for the Webby Award-winning online magazine ''Truthdig''. For many years, he co-hosted the nationally syndicated political analysis radio program '' Left, Right & Center'' on National Public Radio (NPR), produced at public radio station KCRW in Santa Monica. The Society of Professional Journalists awarded Scheer the 2011 Sigma Delta Chi Award for his column. Early life Scheer was born and raised in the Bronx, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
