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Melewar Of Negeri Sembilan
Raja Mahmud ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdul Jalil (Jawi script, Jawi: راج محمود ابن المرحوم سلطان عبد الجليل), known as Raja Melewar (Jawi: راج مليوار), was the first ''Yamtuan Besar'' (equivalent to a sultan) of Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. He was a prince from the Pagaruyung Kingdom in Sumatra, now situated within modern day Indonesia. History The Minangkabau people were the first migrant community to settle in the area north of the Malacca Sultanate which eventually formed the confederation of Negeri Sembilan circa the 15th century. After the Capture of Malacca (1511), Portuguese invaded Malacca in 1511, it then became a protectorate of its successor, the Sultanate of Johor. The population began to control local politics. By 1760, Johor, which was having trouble from the Dutch, allowed the state to appoint a ruler from the Minangkabau Highlands in Sumatra. Between 1760 and 1770, a council of leaders known as the ''datuk-datuk penghulu luak' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yamtuan Besar
The Yamtuan Besar ( Jawi: ), officially Yang di-Pertuan Besar of Negeri Sembilan (lit. "He Who Is Made a Great Lord", Jawi: ), is the royal title of the ruler of the Malaysian state of Negeri Sembilan. The Yang di-Pertuan Besar of Negeri Sembilan is elected by a council of ruling chiefs in the state, known as the Undangs. This royal practice has been followed since 1773. The Yamtuan Besar is elected from among the four leading princes of Negeri Sembilan (''Putera Yang Empat''); the Undangs themselves cannot stand for election and their choice of a ruler is limited to a male Muslim who is Malay and also a "lawfully begotten descendant of Raja Radin ibni Raja Lenggang", the 4th Yamtuan. This unique form of government later inspired the first Prime Minister of Malaysia, Tunku Abdul Rahman, to implement a form of rotational constitutional monarchy for a newly independent Federation of Malaya (now Malaysia). Thus, the office of Yang di-Pertuan Agong was created. Early history Ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Capture Of Malacca (1511)
The Capture of Malacca in 1511 occurred when the governor of Portuguese India Afonso de Albuquerque conquered the city of Malacca City, Malacca in 1511. The port city of Malacca controlled the narrow, strategic Strait of Malacca, through which all seagoing trade between Ming dynasty, China and India was concentrated.''The Cambridge History of the British Empire'' Arthur Percival Newton p. 1 The capture of Malacca was the result of a plan by King Manuel I of Portugal, who since 1505 had intended to beat the New Spain, Castilians to the Far-East, and Albuquerque's own project of establishing firm foundations for Portuguese India, alongside Portuguese conquest of Hormuz, Hormuz, Portuguese conquest of Goa, Goa and Siege of Aden, Aden, to ultimately control trade and thwart Muslim shipping in the Indian Ocean. Having started sailing from Cochin in April 1511, the expedition would not have been able to turn around due to contrary monsoon winds. Had the enterprise failed, the Portugu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seri Menanti
Seri Menanti (Negeri Sembilan Malay: or ) is a town, a mukim, and a state assembly constituency in Kuala Pilah District, central Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, located 33 km (20.5 m) east of the state capital city of Seremban and 14 km (8.7 m) southwest of Kuala Pilah. It is the royal capital of the state of Negeri Sembilan and houses the seat of the ruler of the state of Negeri Sembilan, referred to as the Yang Di-Pertuan Besar of Negeri Sembilan or Yamtuan Besar. The royal palace is known as ''Istana Besar'' (Grand Palace). Seri Menanti is situated in a valley surrounded by the verdant rolling hills of the Negri Titiwangsa Mountains, Titiwangsa. The area in which Seri Menanti is located is known as the Adat Circle (Malay: ''Adat Lingkungan''). Seri Menanti also governs the surrounding chiefdoms (known locally as ''luak'') of Terachi, Gunung Pasir, Ulu Muar, Jempol, and Ineh, collectively known as '. History The Minangkabau people migrated to the wider area of Ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raja Melewar V
Raja (; from , IAST ') is a noble or royal Sanskrit title historically used by some Indian rulers and monarchs and highest-ranking nobles. The title was historically used in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. The title has a long history in South Asia and Southeast Asia, being attested from the ''Rigveda'', where a ' is a ruler, see for example the ', the "Battle of Ten Kings". The title has equivalent cognates in other Indo-European languages, notably the Latin Rex and the Celtic Rix. Raja-ruled Indian states While most of the Indian salute states (those granted a gun salute by the British Crown) were ruled by a Maharaja (or variation; some promoted from an earlier Raja- or equivalent style), even exclusively from 13 guns up, a number had Rajas: ; Hereditary salutes of 11-guns : * the Raja of Ali Rajpur * the Raja of Bilaspur * the Raja of Chamba * the Raja of Faridkot * the Raja of Jhabua * the Raja of Mandi * the Raja of Manipur * the Raja of Nar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naning
Naning is a district and a former chiefdom in northern Malacca, Malaysia. It is part of the Masjid Tanah constituency and is adjacent to Pulau Sebang. Naning had historically been part of Negeri Sembilan but it was annexed by the British into Malacca in 1832 via the Naning War. Malacca was a part of the Straits Settlements The Straits Settlements () were a group of British territories located in Southeast Asia. Originally established in 1826 as part of the territories controlled by the British East India Company, the Straits Settlements came under control of the ... at the time. History Naning was founded in 1641 by the prince of Pagaruyung, Sutan Jatang Balun, also known as Datuk Parpatih Nan Sebatang. The Naning War started in 1831 and lasted for a year until 1832. The ''penghulu'', the chief/lord of Naning at the time, Dol Said, was enraged over British claim over Naning as part of Malacca. The British demanded that Naning pay 10% of its produce as tribute to M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahmud Shah III
Mahmud Ri’ayat Shah Zilu’llah fil’Alam Khalifat ul-Muminin ibni al-Marhum Sultan ‘Abdu’l Jalil Shah (, 24 March 1756 – 1811) was the 17th Sultan of Johor and Johor's dependencies who reigned from 1770 to 1811. Exercising little power over the sultanate where actual power was held under the Bugis court faction, the '' Tuhfat al-Nafis'' nevertheless mentions him as an able statesman who did what he could against insurmountable odds, while Abdullah Abdul Kadir attests to his good character. Early life Born on 24 March 1756, Mahmud Shah III was the younger son of the 13th Sultan of Johor, Abdul Jalil Muazzam Shah by his second wife, Tengku Puteh binti Daeng Chelak. To maintain their de facto control of the Johor Empire, the Bugis continued to install puppet rulers on the throne, including the infant grandson of Sulaiman Badrul Alam Shah, Mahmud Shah III, who became Sultan on the death of his elder brother, Ahmad Riayat Shah in 1770. Treaty with the Dutch During the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sultan Of Johor
The Sultan of Johor (Malay language, Malay: ''Sultan Johor''; Jawi script, Jawi: ) is a hereditary seat and the sovereign ruler of the Malaysian state of Johor. In the past, the sultan held absolute power over the state and was advised by a ''bendahara''. Currently, the role of ''bendahara'' has been taken over by Menteri Besar of Johor, first minister (Malay language, Malay: ''Menteri Besar'') with the constitutional monarchy system via Undang-undang Tubuh Negeri Johor, Johor State Constitution. The sultan is the constitutional head of state of Johor. The sultan has his own independent military force, the Royal Johor Military Force (Malay: ''Askar Timbalan Setia Negeri Johor''). The sultan is also the Head of Islam in Johor. History The first sultan of Johor was Alauddin Riayat Shah II of Johor, Alauddin Riayat Shah II, who reigned from 1528 to 1564. He was the son of the last sultan of Malacca, Mahmud Shah of Malacca, Mahmud Shah. The descendants of the Sultanate of Malacca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coronation
A coronation ceremony marks the formal investiture of a monarch with regal power using a crown. In addition to the crowning, this ceremony may include the presentation of other items of regalia, and other rituals such as the taking of special vows by the new monarch, the investing and presentation of regalia to them, and acts of homage by the new monarch's subjects. In certain Christian denominations, such as Lutheranism and Anglicanism, coronation is a Rite (Christianity), religious rite. As such, Western-style coronations have often included anointing the monarch with holy anointing oil, holy oil, or chrism as it is often called; the anointing ritual's religious significance follows examples found in the Bible. The monarch's consort may also be crowned, either simultaneously with the monarch or as a separate event. Once a vital ritual among the world's monarchies, coronations have changed over time for a variety of socio-political and religious reasons; most modern monarchies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malay Peninsula
The Malay Peninsula is located in Mainland Southeast Asia. The landmass runs approximately north–south, and at its terminus, it is the southernmost point of the Asian continental mainland. The area contains Peninsular Malaysia, Southern Thailand, and the southernmost tip of Myanmar (Kawthaung District, Kawthaung). The island country of Singapore also has historical and cultural ties with the region. The Titiwangsa Mountains are part of the Tenasserim Hills system and form the backbone of the peninsula and the southernmost section of the central cordillera, which runs from Tibet through the Kra Isthmus, the peninsula's narrowest point, into the Malay Peninsula. The Strait of Malacca separates the Malay Peninsula from the Indonesian island of Sumatra, and the south coast is separated from the island of Singapore by the Straits of Johor. Etymology The Malay term ''Tanah Melayu'' is derived from the word ''Tanah'' (land) and ''Melayu'' (Malays (ethnic group), Malays), thus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dhu Al-Qarnayn
, (, ; "The Owner of Two-Horns") is a leader who appears in the Qur'an, Surah al-Kahf (18), Ayahs 83–101, as one who travels to the east and west and sets up a barrier between a certain people and Gog and Magog (). Elsewhere, the Qur'an tells how the end of the world will be signaled by the release of Gog and Magog from behind the barrier. Other apocalyptic writings predict that their destruction by God in a single night will usher in the Day of Resurrection (). Dhu al-Qarnayn has most popularly been identified by Western and traditional Muslim scholars as Alexander the Great. Historically, some tradition has parted from this identification in favor of others, like pre-Islamic Arabian kings such as the (mythical) Sa'b Dhu Marathid of Himyar or the historical figure al-Mundhir III ibn al-Nu'man of the Lakhmid kingdom (d. 554). Cyrus the Great has also gained popularity among modern Muslim commentators. Quran 18:83–101 The verses of the chapter reproduced below sho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Undang
The Undang Yang Empat (Negeri Sembilan Malay: ''Undang Nan Ompek''; Jawi script, Jawi: أوندڠ يڠ امڤت) are the ruling chiefs or territorial chiefs who play an important role in the election of a new Yamtuan Besar, Yang di-Pertuan Besar of Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. The name is believed to be derived from the Malay language, Malay word ''undang-undang'' meaning "law". The Minangkabau people, Minangkabau who settled at Negeri Sembilan, in present-day Malaysia at the end of the 17th century ruled by a ''"penghulu"'' or headman who was chosen from the noble families of Sakai and Jakun belonging to the Biduanda clan. These ''"penghulus"'', notably that of Sungai Ujong, Jelebu, Johol and Rembau (town), Rembau became powerful enough to exalt themselves above the other ''"penghulus"''. These penghulus later acknowledged by the sultan of the old Johor Empire as a sovereign in their own territory. By the early part of the 18th century, the leaders of these four territories started ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Penghulu
( Jawi: ; also ) is the headman or chief of a region in traditional societies in the Malay Archipelago. The term is currently used in Brunei and Malaysia as the community leader of the smaller country subdivision or settlement. Etymology The word ''penghulu'' comes from agentive prefix ''peng-'', and the word ''hulu'', meaning "head", and could be translated as "headman". It is cognate with the Tagalog ''pangulo'' – the official title of the President of the Philippines. History Traditionally, the Minangkabau who at the end of the 17th century settled at Negeri Sembilan, in present-day Malaysia, chose from among themselves a penghulu. Several of these penghulus, notably that of Sungai Ujong, Jelebu, Johol and Rembau, became powerful enough to dominate other penghulus. By the early part of the 18th century, the leaders of these four districts started calling themselves ''Undang''. Between 1821 and 1838 (the Padri War), many Penghulus had allied themselves with Dutch int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
