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Melanitis Phedima
''Melanitis phedima'', the dark evening brown, is a species of butterfly found flying at dusk. The flight of this species is erratic. They are found in south and southeast Asia. Description Wet-season form: Male. Upperside dusky fuliginous-brown, the outer borders palest; cilia brown. Forewing very slightly angled below the apex; with a well-defined subcostal nearly round ochreous patch before the apex, divided by the brown radial veinlets. Hindwing unmarked. Underside dark purpurescent-brown, densely and uniformly covered with ochreous-cinereous strigae; the outer border ferruginous. Forewing with four ordinary small obscure white-pupilled ocelli. Hindwing with a series of six submarginal prominent ocelli, the upper second minute, the anal geminated, the other four nearly equal and much larger, each pupilled with white. Female. Upperside. Both wings much paler than in the male. Forewing more broadly angled below the apex; with the entire apical area broadly pale ochreous, on wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kerala
Kerala ( , ) is a States and union territories of India, state on the Malabar Coast of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, following the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, by combining Malayalam-speaking regions of the erstwhile regions of Kingdom of Cochin, Cochin, Malabar District, Malabar, South Canara, and Travancore. Spread over , Kerala is the 14th List of states and union territories of India by area, smallest Indian state by area. It is bordered by Karnataka to the north and northeast, Tamil Nadu to the east and south, and the Laccadive Sea, Lakshadweep Sea to the west. With 33 million inhabitants as per the 2011 Census of India, 2011 census, Kerala is the List of states of India by population, 13th-largest Indian state by population. It is divided into 14 List of districts of Kerala, districts with the capital being Thiruvananthapuram. Malayalam is the most widely spoken language and is also the official language of the state. The Chera dynasty was the f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andropogon
''Andropogon'' (common names: beard grass, bluestem grass, broomsedge) is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family, native to much of Asia, Africa, and the Americas, as well as Southern Europe and various oceanic islands. Over 100 species have been described. Species * '' Andropogon abyssinicus'' * '' Andropogon aciculatus'' * '' Andropogon aequatoriensis'' * '' Andropogon amboinicus'' * '' Andropogon amethystinus'' * '' Andropogon appendiculatus'' * '' Andropogon arctatus'' * '' Andropogon benthamianus'' * '' Andropogon bentii'' * '' Andropogon bicornis'' * '' Andropogon brachystachyus'' * '' Andropogon campestris'' * '' Andropogon campii'' * '' Andropogon canaliculatus'' * '' Andropogon capillipes'' * '' Andropogon chinensis'' * '' Andropogon chrysostachyus'' * '' Andropogon consanguineus'' * '' Andropogon cordatus'' * '' Andropogon distachyos'' * '' Andropogon eucomus'' * '' Andropogon fastigiatus'' * '' Andropogon floridanus'' * '' Andropogon fragilis'' * '' Androp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Butterflies Described In 1780
Butterflies are winged insects from the lepidopteran superfamily Papilionoidea, characterized by large, often brightly coloured wings that often fold together when at rest, and a conspicuous, fluttering flight. The oldest butterfly fossils have been dated to the Paleocene, about 56 million years ago, though molecular evidence suggests that they likely originated in the Cretaceous. Butterflies have a four-stage life cycle, and like other holometabolous insects they undergo complete metamorphosis. Winged adults lay eggs on the food plant on which their larvae, known as caterpillars, will feed. The caterpillars grow, sometimes very rapidly, and when fully developed, pupate in a chrysalis. When metamorphosis is complete, the pupal skin splits, the adult insect climbs out, expands its wings to dry, and flies off. Some butterflies, especially in the tropics, have several generations in a year, while others have a single generation, and a few in cold locations may take several ye ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melanitis
''Melanitis'' is a genus of butterflies from the subfamily Satyrinae in the family Nymphalidae. Species *''Melanitis amabilis'' (Jean Baptiste Boisduval, Boisduval, 1832) *''Melanitis ansorgei'' Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild, Rothschild, 1904 – blue evening brown *''Melanitis atrax'' C. & R. Felder, 1863 *''Melanitis belinda'' Henley Grose-Smith, Grose-Smith, 1895 *''Melanitis boisduvalia'' C. & R. Felder, 1863 *''Melanitis constantia'' (Pieter Cramer, Cramer, [1777]) *''Melanitis leda'' (Carl Linnaeus, Linnaeus, 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 1758) – common evening brown *''Melanitis libya'' William Lucas Distant, Distant, 1882 – violet-eyed evening brown *''Melanitis phedima'' (Pieter Cramer, Cramer, [1780]) – dark evening brown *''Melanitis pyrrha'' Julius Röber, Röber, 1887 *''Melanitis velutina'' (C. & R. Felder, [1867]) *''Melanitis zitenius'' (Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Herbst, Herbst, 1796) – great evening brown References "''Melanitis'' Fabricius, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bambusa Arundinacea
''Bambusa bambos'', (synonym Gigantichloa maxima) the giant thorny bamboo, Indian thorny bamboo, spiny bamboo, or thorny bamboo (but see '' Bambusa spinosa'') is a species of clumping bamboo native to southern Asia (India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Indochina). It is also naturalized in Seychelles, Central America, West Indies, Java, Malaysia, Maluku, and the Philippines. Habit It is a tall, bright-green colored spiny bamboo species, which grows in thickets consisting of a large number of heavily branched, closely growing culms. It reaches a height of 10–35 m and grows naturally in the forests of the dry zones. It is very fast growing, lengthening up to 50 cm in the twelve night-time hours. Since most of the growth is at night, it probably practices Crassulacean Acid Metabolism or CAM. The record growth for this species is 90 cm in 24 hours at Kew Gardens near London in 1855. Appearance The culms are not straight, and are armed with stout, curved spines. They are bright ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oplismenus Compositus
''Oplismenus compositus'', the running mountaingrass, is a species of perennial plant from the family Poaceae that can be found throughout Asia (Pakistan China), Africa, Australia, South America, Mexico and Hawaii. Description The plant is long. The leaves are lanceolate, ovate, are long and wide. It leaf blades are and have obscure cross veins with an apex which is acuminate or slightly acute. ''O. compositus'' have a raceme which is composed from inflorescence. It is borne on a side of central axis, is unilateral and is long. The central inflorescence axis long with angular rachis and is either glabrous or pilose on the bottom. Spikelets come in 2 rows which are fertile, pedicelled, and sessile. The pedicels are oblong. The spikelets also have one basal sterile florets and one fertile florets while its rhachilla is not extended. They are in length and are lanceolate. The glume is shorter than a spikelet and thinner than fertile lemma. It lower glume is ovate with its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Setaria
''Setaria'' is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family. The name is derived from the Latin word ''seta'', meaning "bristle" or "hair", which refers to the bristly spikelets. The genus includes over 100 species distributed in many tropical and temperate regions around the world,Aliscioni, S., et alAn overview of the genus ''Setaria'' (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Paniceae) in the Old World: Systematic revision and phylogenetic approach.Abstract. Botany 2004. Salt Lake City. August 3, 2004. and members are commonly known as foxtail or bristle grasses. Description The grass is topped by a cylindrical long-haired head, which tend to droop when ripe. The seeds are less than in length. Species , Plants of the World Online accepted the following species: ; Formerly included Numerous species were once considered members of ''Setaria'' but have since been reassigned to the genera '' Brachiaria'', '' Dissochondrus'', '' Echinochloa'', '' Holcolemma'', '' Ixophorus'', '' Oplismen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pennisetum
''Cenchrus'' is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family, native to tropical and warm temperate regions of the world. Its species are native to many countries in Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands. Common names include buffelgrasses, sandburs, and sand spur. Such names allude to the sharp, spine-covered burrs characterizing the inflorescences of the members of the genus. Those previously classified as ''Pennisetum'' are known commonly as fountaingrasses (fountain grasses).''Pennisetum''. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).''Pennisetum''. The Jepson eFlora 2013. Taxonomy ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cymbopogon
''Cymbopogon'', also known as lemongrass, barbed wire grass, silky heads, oily heads, Cochin grass, Malabar grass, citronella grass or fever grass, is a genus of Asian, African, Australian, and tropical island plants in the Poaceae, grass family. Some species (particularly ''Cymbopogon citratus'') are commonly cultivated as culinary and medicinal herbs because of their scent, resembling that of lemons (''Citrus limon''). The name ''Cymbopogon'' derives from the Greek words (, 'boat') and (, 'beard') "which mean [that] in most species, the hairy spikelets project from boat-shaped spathes." Lemongrass and its oil are believed to possess therapeutic properties. Uses Citronella grass (''Cymbopogon nardus'' and ''Cymbopogon winterianus'') grow to about and have magenta-colored base stems. These species are used for the production of citronella oil, which is used in soaps, as an insect repellent (especially mosquitoes and houseflies) in insect sprays and candles, and aromatherapy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ischaemum Semisagittatum
''Ischaemum'' is a genus in the tribe Andropogoneae, belonging to the grass family, widespread in tropical and semitropical regions in many countries. Many species are known commonly as murainagrass. In 2022Shahid Nawaz(an agrostologist, The Blatter Herbarium (BLAT)) described an unusual species in the genus characterised by its dioecious breeding system, it was named as '' Ischaemum dioecum'Landge& R.D. Shinde. This species is endemic to a couple of locations in Western Ghats of Raigad district, Maharashtra, India. The male and female plants are sexually separate individuals and occupy similar ecological niches. This is the only dioecious species in the tribe Andropogoneae. Species Bor, N. L. 1960. Grass. Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan i–767. Pergamon Press, Oxford Formerly included numerous species now regarded as better suited to other genera: ''Andropogon, Andropterum, Apocopis, Arundinella, Bothriochloa, Coelorachis, Crypsis, Echinochloa, Eremochloa, Eulaliopsis, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pieter Cramer
Pieter Cramer (21 May 1721 (baptized) – 28 September 1776) was a wealthy Netherlands, Dutch merchant in linen and Spanish wool, remembered as an entomologist. Cramer was the director of the Zealand Society, a scientific society located in Flushing, Netherlands, Flushing, and a member of ''Concordia et Libertate'', based in Amsterdam. This literary and patriotic society, where Cramer gave lectures on minerals, commissioned and/or financed the publishing of his book ''De uitlandsche Kapellen'', on foreign (exotic) butterflies, occurring in three parts of the world Asia, Africa and America. Cramer assembled an extensive natural history collection that included seashells, petrifications, fossils and insects of all Order (biology), orders. Many were colourful butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera), collected in countries where the Dutch had colonial or trading links, such as Surinam (Dutch colony), Surinam, Ceylon, Sierra Leone and the Dutch East Indies. Cramer decided to get a permane ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nepal
Nepal, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is mainly situated in the Himalayas, but also includes parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. It borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China China–Nepal border, to the north, and India India–Nepal border, to the south, east, and west, while it is narrowly separated from Bangladesh by the Siliguri Corridor, and from Bhutan by the States and union territories of India, Indian state of Sikkim. Nepal has a Geography of Nepal, diverse geography, including Terai, fertile plains, subalpine forested hills, and eight of the world's ten List of highest mountains#List, tallest mountains, including Mount Everest, the highest point on Earth. Kathmandu is the nation's capital and List of cities in Nepal, its largest city. Nepal is a multi-ethnic, multi-lingual, multi-religious, and multi-cultural state, with Nepali language, Nepali as the official language. The name "Nepal" is first record ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
